WiMAX Improvements in Green Radio Communications Utilizing Radio-over- Fiber

WiMAX Improvements in Green Radio Communications Utilizing Radio-over- Fiber
Author: Mazin Al Noor
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Total Pages: 11
Release: 2012-06-22
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 365622367X
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Essay aus dem Jahr 2012 im Fachbereich Ingenieurwissenschaften - Nachrichten- und Kommunikationstechnik, ( Middlesex University in London ), Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: WiMAX as an alternative technology of the wireless broadband internet service provider technique and Radio over Fiber (RoF) as a technique that employs fiber optic communication technologies to transmit radio-frequency (RF) modulated standard signals for today's wireless and mobile applications. Green radio communication means that the power consumption of the communication systems could be minimized by removing some of the electrical active components and equipment by replacing the passive photonic devices and centralizing the signal processing. We have proposed and demonstrated the improvement of WiMAX power efficiency in green communication by utilizing a radio over fiber system. The simulation has been presented for a WiMAX signal transmitted through single mode fiber optic for 80Km and 5Km on the air. The demonstration results show high Signal-to-Noise-Ratio (SNR), extensive power reduction of up to 90% in WiMAX-RoF and a high power loss of WiMAX signal deployed through air.

Green Radio Communication Networks Applying Radio-over-Fibre Technology for Wireless Access

Green Radio Communication Networks Applying Radio-over-Fibre Technology for Wireless Access
Author: Mazin Al Noor
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Total Pages: 201
Release: 2012-07-17
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3656235686
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Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2011 in the subject Engineering - Communication Technology, grade: Pass, ( Middlesex University in London ) (School of Engineering and Information Sciences), course: PhD, language: English, abstract: The all-around presence of wireless communication links combined with functions that support mobility will make a roaming person-bound communication network possible in the near future. This idea of a personal network, in which a user has his own communication environment available everywhere. The overall aim of this research project was to simulate the transmission wireless and baseband RF signals via fibre for a long distance in high quality, consuming a low-power budget. Therefore, this thesis demonstrated a green radio communication network and the advantage of transmitting signals via fibre rather than via air. The contributions of this research work were described in the follows:Firstly, a comparison of the power consumption in WiMAX via air and fibre is presented. As shown in the simulation results, the power budget for the transmission of 64 QAM WiMAX IEEE 802.16-2005 via air for a distance of 5km lies at -189.67 dB, whereas for the transmission via RoF for a distance of 140km, the power consumption ranges at 65dB. Through the deployment of a triple symmetrical compensator technique, consisting of SMF, DCF and FBG, the transmission distance of the 54 Mbps WiMAX signal can be increased to 410km without increasing the power budget of 65dB. An amendment of the triple compensator technique to SMF, DCF and CFBG allows a 120Mbps WiMAX signal transmission with a clear RF spectrum of 3.5 GHz and constellation diagram over a fibre length of 792km using a power budget of 192dB. Secondly, the thesis demonstrates a simulation setup for the deployment of more than one wireless system, namely 64 QAM WiMAX IEEE 802.16-2005 and LTE, for a data bit rate of 1Gbps via Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) RoF over a transmission distance of 1800km. The RoF system includes two triple symmetrical compensator techniques - DCF, SMF, and CFBG - to obtain a large bandwidth, power budget of 393.6dB and a high signal quality for the long transmission distance. Finally, the thesis proposed a high data bit rate and energy efficient simulation architecture, applying a passive optical component for a transmission span up to 600km. AGigabit Optical Passive Network (GPON) based on RoF downlink 2.5 Gbps and uplink 1.25Gbps is employed to carry LTE and WiMAX, also 18 digital channels by utilising Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing (CWDM). The setup achieved high data speed, a lowpower budget of 151.2dB,and an increased service length of up to 600km.

Next Generation Wireless Communications Using Radio over Fiber

Next Generation Wireless Communications Using Radio over Fiber
Author: Nathan J. Gomes
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 315
Release: 2012-08-15
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1118306007
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Taking a coherent and logical approach, this book describes the potential use of co-ordinated multipoint systems supported by radio over fiber. It covers an impressive breadth of topics, ranging from components, subsystem and system architecture, to network management and business perspectives. The authors show the importance of radio over fiber in eliminating or mitigating against the current, perceived barriers to the use of co-ordinated multipoint, and the drivers for standardisation activities in future mobile/wireless systems over the next few years. The book brings together the system concept for centralized processing, including what is required for co-existence with legacy wireless systems, the algorithms that can be used for improving wireless bandwidth utilization at physical and MAC layers and the radio over fiber network and link design necessary to support the wireless system. Other important research is also covered as the authors look at compensating for radio over fiber impairments and providing simple network management functions. A study of service provision and the business case for such a future wireless system is also fully considered. This book comes at an important time for future wireless systems with standardization of fourth generation wireless systems still ongoing. The content enables readers to make key decisions about future standardisation and their own research work. The business analysis also makes the book useful to those involved in deciding the future directions of telecoms organisations. This information will be core to their decision-making as it provides technical knowledge of the state-of-the-art but also system level assessments of what is possible in a business environment.

Radio Over Fiber Technologies for Mobile Communications Networks

Radio Over Fiber Technologies for Mobile Communications Networks
Author: Hamed Al-Raweshidy
Publisher: Artech House
Total Pages: 459
Release: 2002
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 1580531482
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Over the past decade there have been massive advances in the areas of mobile and optical fiber communications. This unique book shows you how to combine these methods to create new radio over fiber technologies that offer seamless operation and greater multimedia application potential for your current and third generation mobile communication networks.

Green Communication in 4G Wireless Systems

Green Communication in 4G Wireless Systems
Author: Shahid Mumtaz
Publisher: River Publishers
Total Pages: 278
Release: 2013-03-15
Genre: Science
ISBN: 8792982050
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Green communication has emerged as one of the most important research topics for radio systems. This leads us to develop an energy-efficient mechanism which adjusts transmission power according to the traffic load and reduces the energy per bit usage. For the vision of Europe 2020 as a smart, sustainable and inclusive economy to become reality, the EU have set forth the 20:20:20 targets by which greenhouse gas emissions and energy reduction of primary use should be reduced by 20% while 20% of energy consumption should come from renewable resources. In fact, in today's energy-conscious society, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) accounts for 2% of the global CO2 emissions. A medium-sized cellular network uses as much energy as 170,000 homes, while the cost of powering the existing BSs accounts for a staggering 50% of a service provider's overall expenses. Therefore, new solutions are required whereby operators can accommodate additional traffic volume whilst reducing their investment in new infrastructure and beyond that significantly reduces their energy bill. Moreover, the EU political agenda, in unison with expected growth in mobile data, has identified cost and energy per bit reduction as a stringent design requirement for mobile networks of the future. Green Communication for 4G Wireless Systems mainly covers energy efficient techniques in physical, MAC and network layers. Cross-layer energy efficiency optimization in time and frequency has been also discussed with two fundamental tradeoffs, energy efficiency and spectral efficiency. This technical introduction to Green Communication in 4G wireless systems, explaining the rather complex standards (3GPP Releases R10 and R11), is a must-read for engineers, decision-makers and students interested in Green Communication, as well as other researchers and scientists from this evolving field.

Cooperative Radio Communications for Green Smart Environments

Cooperative Radio Communications for Green Smart Environments
Author: Narcis Cardona
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 665
Release: 2022-09-01
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1000793354
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The demand for mobile connectivity is continuously increasing, and by 2020 Mobile and Wireless Communications will serve not only very dense populations of mobile phones and nomadic computers, but also the expected multiplicity of devices and sensors located in machines, vehicles, health systems and city infrastructures. Future Mobile Networks are then faced with many new scenarios and use cases, which will load the networks with different data traffic patterns, in new or shared spectrum bands, creating new specific requirements. This book addresses both the techniques to model, analyse and optimise the radio links and transmission systems in such scenarios, together with the most advanced radio access, resource management and mobile networking technologies. This text summarises the work performed by more than 500 researchers from more than 120 institutions in Europe, America and Asia, from both academia and industries, within the framework of the COST IC1004 Action on "Cooperative Radio Communications for Green and Smart Environments". The book will have appeal to graduates and researchers in the Radio Communications area, and also to engineers working in the Wireless industry. Topics discussed in this book include: • Radio waves propagation phenomena in diverse urban, indoor, vehicular and body environments• Measurements, characterization, and modelling of radio channels beyond 4G networks• Key issues in Vehicle (V2X) communication• Wireless Body Area Networks, including specific Radio Channel Models for WBANs• Energy efficiency and resource management enhancements in Radio Access Networks• Definitions and models for the virtualised and cloud RAN architectures• Advances on feasible indoor localization and tracking techniques• Recent findings and innovations in antenna systems for communications• Physical Layer Network Coding for next generation wireless systems• Methods and techniques for MIMO Over the Air (OTA) testing

Radio over Fiber for Wireless Communications

Radio over Fiber for Wireless Communications
Author: Xavier N. Fernando
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 335
Release: 2014-06-16
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1118797035
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A comprehensive evaluation of Fi-Wi, enabling readers to design links using channel estimation and equalization algorithms This book provides a detailed study of radio over fiber (ROF) based wireless communication systems, otherwise called fiber wireless (Fi-Wi) systems. This is an emerging hot topic where the abundant bandwidth of optical fiber is directly combined with the flexibility and mobility of wireless networks to provide broadband connectivity. Its application is increasing because of the growing demand for broadband wireless services. In such a system the transmission of the radio signals over a fiber is an important task. This book provides substantial material on the radio over fiber part of the complete fiber-wireless system, including new research results on the compensation methods. The early chapters provide fundamental knowledge required for a non-expert engineering professional as well as senior/graduate level students to learn this topic from scratch. The latter part of the book covers advanced topics useful for researchers and senior students. Therefore, this book provides a comprehensive understanding of the system for readers who will gain enough knowledge to design Fi-Wi links of their own by learning how to develop Fi-Wi channel estimation and equalization algorithms. This concept is completely novel in current literature and has been patented by the author. Readers are expected to have a basic understanding of fiber optics and wireless communications to easily follow the book and to appreciate the concepts. Basics of the Fi-Wi system and signal processing approaches are clearly explained. It covers a multidisciplinary topic and acts as a bridge between optical and wireless communication domains. In the increasingly demanding telecommunications profession, engineers are expected to have knowledge in both optical and wireless communications and expected design combined/hybrid systems. Hence, the book is written in such a way that both optical and wireless professionals will be able to easily understand and perceive the concepts. follows a logical process from basic principles through to advanced topics, providing a wide range of interest for researchers, practicing engineers, students, and those required to build such networks explains detailed system design concepts and the limitations and advantages in each configuration, appealing to design engineers, and largely avoiding system specifics demonstrates the author’s exclusive patent, showing how to develop baseband signal processing algorithms for Fi-Wi systems, which is a key requirement for the successful deployment of Fi-Wi systems contains tables, numerical examples and case studies, facilitating a good quantitative understanding of the topic

Green Radio Communication Networks

Green Radio Communication Networks
Author: Ekram Hossain
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2012
Genre: Wireless communication systems
ISBN: 9781139424004
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The importance of reducing energy costs, reducing CO2 emissions and protecting the environment are leading to an increased focus on green, energy-efficient approaches to the design of next-generation wireless networks. Presenting state-of-the-art research on green radio communications and networking technology by leaders in the field, this book is invaluable for researchers and professionals working in wireless communication. Summarizing existing and ongoing research, the book explores communication architectures and models, physical communications techniques, base station power-management techniques, wireless access techniques for green radio networks, and green radio test-bed, experimental results and standardization activities. Throughout, theoretical results are blended with practical insights and coverage of deployment issues. It serves as a one-stop reference for key concepts and design techniques for energy-efficient communications and networking and provides information essential for the design of future-generation cellular wireless systems.

Radio Over Fiber - A New Communication Era

Radio Over Fiber - A New Communication Era
Author: Jincy Johny
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Total Pages: 84
Release: 2012
Genre:
ISBN: 9783659241390
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Radio over Fiber is an innovating technology which provides provisioning for the flourishment of broadband wireless service which combines flexible optical routing and robust ROF transport technologies. ROF is an integration of wireless and fiber optic networks, which provides untethered access to broadband wireless communications in a range of applications including last mile solutions, extension of existing radio coverage and capacity. A Nematic type Liquid Crystal PCF (Photonic Crystal Fiber) is used, which has low loss, light weight, large bandwidth characteristics, and small size and low cable cost which makes it ideal and most flexible solution for efficiently transporting radio signals to remotely located antenna sites in a wireless network. Here we consider a Fractionally Spaced Equalizer (FSE) for electronic compensation of Chromatic Dispersion (CD) and Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD) in a dually polarized coherent ROF communication system. By analyzing group delay difference and polarization walk off between different frequencies components through proper RF signal processing, both CD and PMD can be precisely determined.

Optical Wireless Communications

Optical Wireless Communications
Author: Murat Uysal
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 639
Release: 2016-08-25
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3319302019
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This book focuses on optical wireless communications (OWC), an emerging technology with huge potential for the provision of pervasive and reliable next-generation communications networks. It shows how the development of novel and efficient wireless technologies can contribute to a range of transmission links essential for the heterogeneous networks of the future to support various communications services and traffic patterns with ever-increasing demands for higher data-transfer rates. The book starts with a chapter reviewing the OWC field, which explains different sub-technologies (visible-light, ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) communications) and introduces the spectrum of application areas (indoor, vehicular, terrestrial, underwater, intersatellite, deep space, etc.). This provides readers with the necessary background information to understand the specialist material in the main body of the book, which is in four parts. The first of these deals with propagation modelling and channel characterization of OWC channels at different spectral bands and with different applications. The second starts by providing a unified information-theoretic treatment of OWC and then discusses advanced physical-layer methodologies (including, but not limited to: advanced coding, modulation diversity, cooperation and multi-carrier techniques) and the ultimate limitations imposed by practical constraints. On top of the physical layer come the upper-layer protocols and cross-layer designs that are the subject of the third part of the book. The last part of the book features a chapter-by-chapter assessment of selected OWC applications. Optical Wireless Communications is a valuable reference guide for academic researchers and practitioners concerned with the future development of the world’s communication networks. It succinctly but comprehensively presents the latest advances in the field.