Wide-field Optical Technologies in Astronomy
| Author | : G. Sedmak |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 43 |
| Release | : 2000 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
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Wide Field Optical Technologies In Astronomy
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New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 324 |
| Release | : 2011-02-04 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0309157994 |
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Driven by discoveries, and enabled by leaps in technology and imagination, our understanding of the universe has changed dramatically during the course of the last few decades. The fields of astronomy and astrophysics are making new connections to physics, chemistry, biology, and computer science. Based on a broad and comprehensive survey of scientific opportunities, infrastructure, and organization in a national and international context, New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics outlines a plan for ground- and space- based astronomy and astrophysics for the decade of the 2010's. Realizing these scientific opportunities is contingent upon maintaining and strengthening the foundations of the research enterprise including technological development, theory, computation and data handling, laboratory experiments, and human resources. New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics proposes enhancing innovative but moderate-cost programs in space and on the ground that will enable the community to respond rapidly and flexibly to new scientific discoveries. The book recommends beginning construction on survey telescopes in space and on the ground to investigate the nature of dark energy, as well as the next generation of large ground-based giant optical telescopes and a new class of space-based gravitational observatory to observe the merging of distant black holes and precisely test theories of gravity. New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics recommends a balanced and executable program that will support research surrounding the most profound questions about the cosmos. The discoveries ahead will facilitate the search for habitable planets, shed light on dark energy and dark matter, and aid our understanding of the history of the universe and how the earliest stars and galaxies formed. The book is a useful resource for agencies supporting the field of astronomy and astrophysics, the Congressional committees with jurisdiction over those agencies, the scientific community, and the public.
Wide-Field Spectroscopy
| Author | : E. Kontizas |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 399 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9401157227 |
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E. KONTIZAS Astronomical Institute National Observatory of Athens P. O. Box 20048 Athens GR-1181O GREECE The international conference on "Wide-Field Spectroscopy" and its sub ject matter were agreed during the general assembly of the International Astronomical Union (IAU) in August 1994 by the Working Group of Com mision 9 "Wi de-Field Imaging". This meeting gave an opportunity to world experts on this subject to gather in Athens, in order to discuss the cur rent exploitation and the impending opportunities that exist in the area of multi-object spectroscopy, with particular emphasis on: 1. Astronomical instruments, data acquisition, processing and analysis techniques. 2. Astrophysical problems best tackled through wide-field, multi-object spectroscopy. The new fibre optic technology offers an important tool for the advancement of basic research and the development of industrial applications. Astronom ical spectroscopy is a field of astronomy which has contributed much to the advancement of fundamental physics. The spectra of hot stars have been used to determine the well-known Balmer formula for the wavelength of hydrogen lines, in the late 19th century. Since then, spectroscopy has made enormous progress in stellar atmosphere studies, in kinematics, and in the detection of high redshifts in the Universe. The traditional techniques of obtaining wide-field spectroscopic data are based on slitless spectroscopy (objective prism). Several observations, world wide, make use ofthese tech niques in order to obtain information on the spectral properties of objects in large areas of the sky.
Optimizing the U.S. Ground-Based Optical and Infrared Astronomy System
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 154 |
| Release | : 2015-06-26 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0309371899 |
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New astronomical facilities, such as the under-construction Large Synoptic Survey Telescope and planned 30-meter-class telescopes, and new instrumentation on existing optical and infrared (OIR) telescopes, hold the promise of groundbreaking research and discovery. How can we extract the best science from these and other astronomical facilities in an era of potentially flat federal budgets for both the facilities and the research grants? Optimizing the U.S. Ground-Based Optical and Infrared Astronomy System provides guidance for these new programs that align with the scientific priorities and the conclusions and recommendations of two National Research Council (NRC) decadal surveys, New Worlds, New Horizons for Astronomy and Astrophysics and Vision and Voyages for Planetary Sciences in the Decade 2013-2022, as well as other NRC reports. This report describes a vision for a U.S. OIR System that includes a telescope time exchange designed to enhance science return by broadening access to capabilities for a diverse community, an ongoing planning process to identify and construct next generation capabilities to realize decadal science priorities, and near-term critical coordination, planning, and instrumentation needed to usher in the era of LSST and giant telescopes.
Adaptive Optics
| Author | : Michael S. Tarov |
| Publisher | : Nova Publishers |
| Total Pages | : 136 |
| Release | : 2002 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9781590334133 |
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Adaptive optics is a field which is coming into its own with new discoveries occurring almost daily both in astronomy and in applications of AO in applied fields. In an adaptive optics system, the output from a wavefront sensor is used to calculate corrections that actively remove distortions from an image. The applications of adaptive optics in vision science have received considerable impetus from the knowledge developed by astronomers about how to correct images using AO technology. It is expected that developments in adaptive optics will radically change the face of astronomy in the 21st century. These systems will largely overcome the main limitation of ground-based telescopes, namely the severe reduction in image quality caused by turbulence in the Earth's atmosphere. Intended for use at near infrared wavelengths, adaptive optics allow imaging and spectroscopy at the limit of resolution imposed by optical diffraction an advance in astronomer's ability to view the heavens unparalleled since the invention of the telescope. AO is now also entering clinical medicine in the field of ophthalmology and other related fields. This new book presents several hundred current abstracts in the field, each fully indexed, for ease of access and contains a CD ROM for further research.
Technologies for Astronomical Wide-Field Adaptive Optics
| Author | : Christian Dani Guzman |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : Optics, Adaptive |
| ISBN | : |
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Adaptive Optics (AO) can greatly enhance the resolution of astronomical images, achieving close to diffraction-limited performance in the near infrared; however there are a number of areas where significant improvements can be made, one of them being the very limited field of view that current AO systems can achieve.?Wide-field AO? encompasses those techniques devised to widen the corrected field of view, from a few tens of arcseconds in?classical AO? systems to several arcminutes in Multi-Object AO (MOAO). This thesis researches some topics within?wide-field AO? for astronomy, concentrating its experimental work in some of the key technologies required to implement MOAO: open-loop models to run deformable mirrors (DM) in a MOAO system and a?Figure Sensor? to measure the shape of a DM with required accuracy and at high-speed, in order to incorporate it into the AO control system.
Astronomy from Wide-Field Imaging
| Author | : H.T. MacGillivray |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 722 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9401111464 |
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H.T. MacGilLIVRAY Royal Observatory Blackford Hill Edinburgh EH9 3HJ Scotland U.K. lAU Symposium No. 161 on 'Astronomy from Wide-Field Imaging', held in Potsdam, Germany, during 23-27th August 1993, was the first conference organised by the recently-formed Working Group of lAU Commission 9 on 'Wide-Field Imaging'. This Working Group was instigated during the XXIst meeting of the General Assembly of the International Astronomical Union in Buenos Aires in 1991, and represented a merging of the former formal lAU Working Group on 'Astronomical Photography' and the informal 'Digitised Optical Sky Surveys' Working Group. Dr. Richard West was 'invited' to be Chairperson, and hence was given the daunting task of organising the Group from scratch. The very fact that the first conference after only two years was a major lAU Symposium says much about the determination and enthusiasm of Richard West to fulfilling the aims of the new Working Group. The siting of the conference in Potsdam in formerly East Germany provided an excellent opportunity to advantage from the political changes in Eastern Europe. Good access to the meeting was possible by scientists from Eastern European countries, allowing exchange of information on the very important Wide-Field facilities in both East and West, information on the rich archives of photographic plates that exist in both East and West, and allowing discussions between scientists facing very similar problems in both East and West.
A Search for Optical Flashes with an Automated Astronomical Wide Field Camera
| Author | : Daniel Scott Zachary |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 126 |
| Release | : 1986 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
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Modern Technology and Its Influence on Astronomy
| Author | : J. V. Wall |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 342 |
| Release | : 1990-01-26 |
| Genre | : Nature |
| ISBN | : 9780521343138 |
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This book collects contributions made at a meeting on astronomical instrumentation held at the Royal Greenwich Observatory to mark the seventieth birthday of Robert Hanbury Brown. Twenty-five contributors describe the impact of instrumentation on the advancement of astronomy today. The topics covered include radio interferometry and VLBI; optical interferometry; new technology telescopes; electronic detectors; image processing; and the Hubble Space Telescope. The book is a valuable synthesis of current thought and will be useful to observational astronomers generally.
Astrophotonics
| Author | : Stefano Minardi |
| Publisher | : VCH |
| Total Pages | : 350 |
| Release | : 2012-04-04 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9783527411108 |
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Written by well-known scientists in the field with vast experience in teaching astrophotonics, this is the first book to bridge astronomy and photonics for the benefit of developing new astronomical instrumentation. The textbook is clearly structured and covers four main methods relevant to observational astronomy: adaptive optics, photometry, interferometry and spectroscopy. It follows a progressive didactical path in photonics, starting from fundamentals of wave- and micro-optics and developing step-by-step the formalisms required for the treatment of optical multilayers, fiber optics and diffraction/holographic gratings. This approach allows students with a physics/engineering background to learn about the problematic of observational astronomy, while, conversely, students of astronomy are exposed to topics in modern photonics. Each chapter is divided into three main sections devoted to the discussion of astronomical concepts required to size an instrument designed for the particular method, the photonic concepts that most suit that instrument, and an analysis of existing, related photonic instruments. A set of exercises and a bibliography complete each chapter. Appendices include a short review of fundamentals of wave optics and photon detectors, plus an overview of project design and management using a real-life example of an astronomical instrumentation project. With its review of the latest instrumentation and techniques, this is invaluable for graduate and post-graduate students in astronomy, physics and optical engineering.
