U.S. Nonproliferation Policy Towards North Korea: Nuclear Program, Dprk Belligerent Acts and American Responses, Potential for Military Action, New Ty

U.S. Nonproliferation Policy Towards North Korea: Nuclear Program, Dprk Belligerent Acts and American Responses, Potential for Military Action, New Ty
Author: U. S. Military
Publisher: Independently Published
Total Pages: 64
Release: 2017-03-30
Genre: History
ISBN: 9781520959481

Download U.S. Nonproliferation Policy Towards North Korea: Nuclear Program, Dprk Belligerent Acts and American Responses, Potential for Military Action, New Ty Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

The United States policy for dealing with a nuclear North Korea has been a combination of containment, deterrence, and limited engagement since 1994. While this policy has prevented war on the Korean peninsula, it has not prevented North Korea from developing a nuclear program and proliferating this technology, as well as missile technology, to numerous countries not friendly to the United States. In order to stop North Korea from transferring weapons technology, the United States needs a new strategic concept. This paper will examine four options that may be used to support the element of the U.S. National Security Strategy of preventing the proliferation of nuclear weapons.The United States policy for dealing with a nuclear North Korea has been a combination of containment, deterrence, and limited engagement since the enactment of the 1994 Agreed Framework. While this and earlier policies have prevented war on the Korean peninsula, such approaches have not prevented North Korea from developing a nuclear program and proliferating this technology, as well as missile technology, to numerous countries not friendly to the United States. In order to stop North Korea from transferring weapons technology, the United States needs a new strategic concept. This paper will examine four options that may be used to support the element of the U.S. National Security Strategy of preventing the proliferation of nuclear weapons.The question is if current U.S. policy has prevented North Korea from developing a nuclear program and exporting its technology to other countries. The answer is no. Even though one of North Korea's demands is to be removed from the list of state sponsored of terrorism, the North has not complied by following policies that would lead to that removal. Gregory J. Moore states that "the United States did not prevent North Korea from acquiring and testing nuclear weapons, despite its deterrent strategies, its diplomatic efforts, its ultimatums, and U.S.-sponsored UN Security Council resolutions against it." There are signs that the North should comply with the non-proliferation treaty. Gregory L. Schulte writes that, "Since the first atomic bomb was assembled, 18 countries have chosen to dismantle their nuclear weapons programs. Countries such as Argentina, Libya, South Africa, and Switzerland made this decision for a variety reasons, but foremost among them was the desire to improve their international standing. Another important factor was foreign pressure, especially from the United States." However, since the 1994 Agreed Framework, North Korea has not complied with any agreements they have made. Hence, the six-party talks are an example of failed American diplomacy.

U. S. Nonproliferation Policy Towards North Korea

U. S. Nonproliferation Policy Towards North Korea
Author: U.s. Army War College
Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub
Total Pages: 24
Release: 2014-07-11
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 9781500479633

Download U. S. Nonproliferation Policy Towards North Korea Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

The United States policy for dealing with a nuclear North Korea has been a combination of containment, deterrence, and limited engagement since 1994. While this policy has prevented war on the Korean peninsula, it has not prevented North Korea from developing a nuclear program and proliferating this technology, as well as missile technology, to numerous countries not friendly to the United States. In order to stop North Korea from transferring weapons technology, the United States needs a new strategic concept. This paper will examine four options that may be used to support the element of the U.S. National Security Strategy of preventing the proliferation of nuclear weapons.

Nuclear Nonproliferation

Nuclear Nonproliferation
Author: Gene Aloise
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Total Pages: 66
Release: 1997-01-01
Genre:
ISBN: 9780788138584

Download Nuclear Nonproliferation Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Under the Agreed Framework to address the threat posed by North Korea's nuclear program and to diffuse tensions on the Korean Peninsula, the U.S. is helping North Korea acquire two light-water nuclear power reactors and interim supplies of fuel oil in exchange for a freeze on and promise to dismantle its existing nuclear facilities and compliance with the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty. This report discusses U.S. costs to implement the Framework, disposal options for North Korea's existing spent fuel, contracting for the light-water reactors and other goods and services, and the status of actions to normalize relations. Charts and tables.

Dismantling North Korea's Nuclear Weapons Programs

Dismantling North Korea's Nuclear Weapons Programs
Author: David J. Bishop
Publisher: Strategic Studies Institute
Total Pages: 32
Release: 2005
Genre: History
ISBN:

Download Dismantling North Korea's Nuclear Weapons Programs Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

This study examines the choices available to the United States for dismantling North Korea's nuclear weapons programs. The options range from doing nothing, to executing policies of engagement, containment, or preemption. Each option has advantages and disadvantages and there are numerous factors influencing the problem. The major factors include U.S. national interests, the role of China, the ROK-U.S. alliance, the difficult nature of North Korea, and the U.S. war on terror. Engagement is less risky in the short term because it reduces the risks of miscalculation and escalation by preventing the conditions that support North Korea seeing war as a rational act. However, it is risky in the long term because it allows North Korean nuclear weapons development to proceed unchecked. This could lead to proliferation to terrorists and rogue states. Containment's main advantage is that it takes a direct path to solving the problem. Its major disadvantage is that it could cause North Korea, a failing state, to view war as a rational act. Containment also is not supported by friends and allies in the region. Preemption is the most direct method to ensure elimination of North Korea's nuclear weapons. However the risks associated with this option could lead to catastrophic loss of life and devastation and ultimately to loss of U.S. influence in the region. The optimal course of action is not one policy in particular, but a combination of engagement and containment. Furthermore, preemptive action will invite foreign policy disaster for the U.S. and should only be used as a last resort. Specific policy recommendations to improve implementation of a hybrid policy of engagement and containment include:strengthening the ROK-U.S. alliance, supplementing multilateral talks with bilateral talks, offering a formal security guarantee to North Korea, broadening the Proliferation Security Initiative to include China, and improving national intelligence capabilities. If preemption must be used, national leaders must know what conditions would trigger the decision and they must prepare in advance the necessary protocol for warning and informing friends, allies and other concerned parties.

United States Nonproliferation Policy Towards North Korea

United States Nonproliferation Policy Towards North Korea
Author: Steven L. Rohlena
Publisher:
Total Pages: 21
Release: 2011
Genre: Korea (North)
ISBN:

Download United States Nonproliferation Policy Towards North Korea Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

The United States policy for dealing with a nuclear North Korea has been a combination of containment, deterrence, and limited engagement since 1994. While this policy has prevented war on the Korean peninsula, it has not prevented North Korea from developing a nuclear program and proliferating this technology, as well as missile technology, to numerous countries not friendly to the United States. In order to stop North Korea from transferring weapons technology, the United States needs a new strategic concept. This paper will examine four options that may be used to support the element of the U.S. National Security Strategy of preventing the proliferation of nuclear weapons.

Crs Report for Congress

Crs Report for Congress
Author: Congressional Research Service: The Libr
Publisher: BiblioGov
Total Pages: 22
Release: 2013-11
Genre:
ISBN: 9781295254408

Download Crs Report for Congress Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

THE TRUE FORCE OF NORTH KOREA: Military, Weapons of Mass Destruction and Ballistic Missiles, Including Reaction of the U.S. Government to the Korean Military Threat

THE TRUE FORCE OF NORTH KOREA: Military, Weapons of Mass Destruction and Ballistic Missiles, Including Reaction of the U.S. Government to the Korean Military Threat
Author: Andrew Scobell
Publisher: e-artnow
Total Pages: 300
Release: 2017-09-19
Genre: History
ISBN: 8026879961

Download THE TRUE FORCE OF NORTH KOREA: Military, Weapons of Mass Destruction and Ballistic Missiles, Including Reaction of the U.S. Government to the Korean Military Threat Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

North Korea is a country of paradoxes and contradictions. Although it remains an economic basket case that cannot feed and clothe its own people, it nevertheless possesses one of the world's largest armed forces. Whether measured in terms of the total number of personnel in uniform, numbers of special operations soldiers, the size of its submarine fleet, quantity of ballistic missiles in its arsenal, or its substantial weapons of mass destruction programs, Pyongyang is a major military power. Content: North Korea's Military Threat Conventional Forces Unconventional Forces Overall Conclusions The North Korean Ballistic Missile Program DPRK National Strategy and Motivations Historical Background of DPRK Missile Development Institutional Setting Conclusion U.S. Government Policy Toward North Korea Countering the North Korean Threat (New Steps in U.S. Policy) Pressuring North Korea (Evaluating Options) President Donald Trump on Current Crisis on the Korean Peninsula A Message to the Congress of the United States on the Continuation of the National Emergency with Respect to North Korea Continuation of the National Emergency with Respect to North Korea Statement from the President on North Korea's Second ICBM Launch Statement by President Donald J. Trump on North Korea About the Authors

North Korea's Nuclear Weapons Development and Diplomacy

North Korea's Nuclear Weapons Development and Diplomacy
Author: Larry A. Niksch
Publisher:
Total Pages: 25
Release: 2006
Genre: Korea (North)
ISBN:

Download North Korea's Nuclear Weapons Development and Diplomacy Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

North Korea's first test of a nuclear weapon on October 9, 2006, and its multiple missile tests of July 4, 2006, escalate the issue of North Korea in U.S. foreign policy. These acts show a North Korean intent to stage a nuclear breakout of its nuclear program and openly produce nuclear weapons. The main objective of the Bush Administration is to secure the dismantling of North Korea's plutonium and uranium-based nuclear programs. Its strategy has been: (1) terminating the Agreed Framework; (2) withholding U.S. reciprocal measures until North Korea takes steps to dismantle its nuclear programs; (3) assembling an international coalition, through six party negotiations, to apply diplomatic and economic pressure on North Korea; and (4) imposing financial sanctions on foreign banks that facilitate North Korea's illegal counterfeiting activities. China, South Korea, and Russia have criticized the Bush Administration for not negotiating directly with North Korea, and they voice opposition to economic sanctions and to the potential use of force against Pyongyang. China, Russia, and South Korea have expressed support for key North Korean negotiating proposals in six-party talks. The talks have made little progress. North Korea has widened progressively the gap between its core negotiating position and the U.S. core position, for example when it asserted that it would not dismantle or even disclose its nuclear programs until light water reactors were physically constructed in North Korea. Critics increasingly have charged that despite its tough rhetoric, the Bush Administration gives North Korea a relatively low priority in U.S. foreign policy and takes a passive diplomatic approach to the nuclear issue and other issues. This report replaces IB91141, North Korea's Nuclear Weapons Program, by Larry A. Niksch. It will be updated periodically.