Urban Poverty in Papua New Guinea
Author | : Donovan Storey |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 17 |
Release | : 2010 |
Genre | : Poverty |
ISBN | : 9789980751737 |
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Author | : Donovan Storey |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 17 |
Release | : 2010 |
Genre | : Poverty |
ISBN | : 9789980751737 |
Author | : Ma. Luisa Zuñiga-Carmine |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 26 |
Release | : 2002 |
Genre | : Papua New Guinea |
ISBN | : |
Author | : John Gibson |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 49 |
Release | : 1996 |
Genre | : Poverty |
ISBN | : 9789980771292 |
Author | : Judy L. Baker |
Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
Total Pages | : 268 |
Release | : 2017-07-27 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1464811032 |
Urbanization in East Asia and the Pacific has created enormous opportunity for many. Yet the rapid growth of cities can also create challenges as national and local governments try to keep up with the needs of their growing populations. Among these challenges is a lack of affordable housing, resulting in increasing slums, deficits in basic service provision, and widening inequality for urban dwellers. This study aims to better understand urban poverty and inequality in East Asian cities, recognizing that many countries of the region, particularly those of middle-income status, are at a critical juncture in their urbanization and growth process where potential social divisions in cities could harm prospects for future poverty reduction. The study uses a multidimensional approach to understand urban poverty and inclusion and draws on examples of programs and policies that have been successfully implemented in the East Asia region to develop a set of guiding principles for policy makers.
Author | : Asian Development Bank |
Publisher | : Asian Development Bank |
Total Pages | : 239 |
Release | : 2012-04-01 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9290925825 |
Papua New Guinea's economic growth has outpaced the majority of economies in Southeast Asia and the Pacific since 2007. Its development challenges, however, remain daunting, and it lags behind other countries in the region in terms of per capita income and achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. This raises the question of how the country can make its economic growth high, sustained, inclusive, and broad-based to more effectively improve its population's welfare. This report identifies the critical constraints to these objectives and discusses policy options to help overcome such constraints.
Author | : Diao, Xinshen |
Publisher | : Intl Food Policy Res Inst |
Total Pages | : 51 |
Release | : 2021-02-19 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : |
Understanding how the Papua New Guinea (PNG) agricultural economy and associated household consumption is affected by climate, market and other shocks requires attention to linkages and substitution effects across various products and the markets in which they are traded. In this study, we use a multi-market simulation model of the PNG food economy that explicitly includes production, consumption, external trade and prices of key agricultural commodities to quantify the likely impacts of a set of potential shocks on household welfare and food security in PNG. In this study, we use a multi-market simulation model of the PNG food economy that explicitly includes production, consumption, external trade and prices of key agricultural commodities to quantify the likely impacts of a set of potential shocks on household welfare and food security in PNG. We have built the model to be flexible in order to explore different potential scenarios and then identify where and how households are most affected by an unexpected shock. The model is designed using region and country-level data sources that inform the structure of the PNG food economy, allowing for a data-driven evaluation of potential impacts on agricultural production, food prices, and food consumption. Thus, as PNG confronts different unexpected challenges within its agricultural economy, the model presented in this paper can be adapted to evaluate the potential impact and necessary response by geographic region of an unexpected economic shock on the food economy of the country. We present ten simulations modeling the effects of various shocks on PNG’s economy. The first group of scenarios consider the effects of shocks to production of specific agricultural commodities including: 1) a decrease on maize and sorghum output due to Fall Armyworm; 2) reduction in pig production due to a potential outbreak of African Swine Fever; 3) decline in sweet potato production similar to the 2015/16 El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) climate shock; and 4) a decline in poultry production due to COVID-19 restrictions on domestic mobility and trade. A synopsis of this report, which focuses on the COVID-19 related shocks on the PNG economy is also available online (Diao et al., 2020).1 The second group of simulations focus on COVID-19-related changes in international prices, increased marketing costs in international and domestic trade, and reductions in urban incomes. We simulate a 1) 30 percent increase in the price of imported rice, 2) a 30 percent decrease in world prices for major PNG agricultural exports, 3) higher trade transaction costs due to restrictions on the movement of people (traders) and goods given social distancing measures of COVID-19, and 4) potential economic recession causing urban household income to fall by 10 percent. Finally, the last simulation considers the combined effect of all COVID-19 related shocks combining the above scenarios into a single simulation. A key result of the analysis is that urban households, especially the urban poor, are particularly vulnerable to shocks related to the Covid-19 pandemic. Lower economic activity in urban areas (assumed to reduce urban non-agricultural incomes by 10 percent), increases in marketing costs due to domestic trade disruptions, and 30 percent higher imported rice prices combine to lower urban incomes by almost 15 percent for both poor and non-poor urban households. Urban poor households, however, suffer the largest drop in calorie consumption - 19.8 percent, compared to a 15.8 percent decline for urban non-poor households. Rural households are much less affected by the Covid-19 related shocks modeled in these simulations. Rural household incomes, affected mainly by reduced urban demand and market disruptions, fall by only about four percent. Nonetheless, calorie consumption for the rural poor and non-poor falls by 5.5 and 4.2 percent, respectively.
Author | : Ernesto M. Pernia |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 332 |
Release | : 1994 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : |
In this collection of essays, seven authors discuss issues of urbanization and urban poverty, including patterns of urbanization, the characteristics of the urban poor, their access to housing and infrastructure, aspects of the labour market, and the urban physical environment.
Author | : Papua New Guinea. Dept. of National Planning and Rural Development |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 98 |
Release | : 2002 |
Genre | : Papua New Guinea |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Sinclair Dinnen |
Publisher | : University of Hawaii Press |
Total Pages | : 278 |
Release | : 2000-11-01 |
Genre | : Social Science |
ISBN | : 9780824822804 |
Twenty-five years after independence, Papua New Guinea is beset by social, economic, and political problems: poverty and inequality, a young and expanding population, a stagnant economy, corruption, and rising crime. The state has not only failed to contain these problems but has become progressively implicated in their persistence. Escalating levels of violence and lawlessness are seen by many as the most serious challenge facing the young country. This book examines these problems of order in light of Papua New Guinea’s remarkable social diversity and the impact of rapid and pervasive processes of change. Three original and strategic case studies involving urban gangs, mining security, and election violence form the core of the work. Each case study looks at particular forms of conflict, and the responses these engender, across different socioeconomic contexts and geographic locations. Empirical data are analyzed through a common framework that employs material, cultural and institutional perspectives, allowing readers to view the three cases through different theoretical prisms, identify linkages between them, and, in the process, build a larger picture of the post-colonial social order. Law and Order in a Weak State charts not only the problems of crime and lawlessness in Papua New Guinea but also the possibilities for constructive, pragmatic solutions. It will be of great interest to scholars, aid and policy officials, and others concerned with understanding the social complexities and challenges of contemporary Papua New Guinea.
Author | : Jenny Bryant |
Publisher | : Department of Geography and Planning University of New England |
Total Pages | : 132 |
Release | : 1993 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : |
"The issues of urban change, and of environmental degradation have long been of concern to geographers with our strong emphasis on human/environmental relationships. Spatial inequalities, as reflected in the distribution of well-being are also a major focus for human geographers. In the Pacific Islands rapid changes occuring in the urban areas are obvious in deteriorating ernvironments and in increasing poverty amongst disadvantaged groups. This book on urban poverty and environment arose out of research carried out in the Pacific over the past decade ... The material presented here is partly original research (particularly Chapter V), and partly material which is largely unpublished, such as internatinal and regional agency and consultancy reports, largely inaccessible to the general public ..."--Preface