Wage Indexation and International Competitiveness in Belgium: An Uneasy Coexistence

Wage Indexation and International Competitiveness in Belgium: An Uneasy Coexistence
Author: André Geis
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 18
Release: 2023-03-02
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

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Belgium is one of a small group of euro area countries that maintains indexation of wages to inflation as part of its wage setting framework. With intensified price pressures since late 2020 driving inflation to record levels, the tension between compensating workers for purchasing power losses while maintaining international competitiveness have again been highlighted. To improve the performance and viability of the current setup, several avenues of reform could be envisaged. In particular, the scope for excluding price increases in highly volatile components, like energy and food, from the indexation basis should be explored to less the need to restore competitiveness by prolonged periods of real wage restraint. Moreover, options to widen the flexibility of the indexation regime should be contemplated to alleviate the burden of firms at times of large and multiple shocks, thereby also preserving investment and employment. Finally, productivity trends should also be accounted for to capture deviations of labor costs between Belgium and its key export markets.

Hearings

Hearings
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education
Publisher:
Total Pages: 1470
Release: 1969
Genre:
ISBN:

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Troubled Refuge

Troubled Refuge
Author: Chandra Manning
Publisher: Vintage
Total Pages: 418
Release: 2017-07-25
Genre: History
ISBN: 0307456374

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From the author of What This Cruel War Was Over, a vivid portrait of the Union army’s escaped-slave refugee camps and how they shaped the course of emancipation and citizenship in the United States. Chandra Manning casts in a wholly original light what it was like to escape slavery, how emancipation happened, and how citizenship in the United States was transformed. This reshaping of hard structures of power would matter not only for slaves turned citizens, but for all Americans. Integrating a wealth of new findings, this vivid portrait of the Union army’s escaped-slave refugee camps shows how they shaped the course of emancipation and citizenship in the United States. Drawing on records of the Union and Confederate armies, the letters and diaries of soldiers, transcribed testimonies of former slaves, and more, Manning allows us to accompany the black men, women, and children who sought out the Union army in hopes of achieving autonomy for themselves and their communities. It also raised, for the first time, humanitarian questions about refugees in wartime and legal questions about civil and military authority with which we still wrestle, as well as redefined American citizenship, to the benefit, but also to the lasting cost of, African Americans.

Israel and Hellas

Israel and Hellas
Author: John Pairman Brown
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Total Pages: 588
Release: 1995
Genre: Bible
ISBN: 9783110168822

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Law, Development and Regulatory Globalisation

Law, Development and Regulatory Globalisation
Author: Adithya Chintapanti
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Total Pages: 144
Release: 2023-12-08
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1003808549

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Exploring the phenomenon of diffusion of legal norms accompanying economic globalisation in developing countries, this book examines the blanket imposition of standard regulatory templates, maintaining that every jurisdiction requires customised legal solutions. Adopted by over 80 developing jurisdictions, the World Bank’s 1993 regulatory template for electricity sector reform has been one of the most widely diffused regulatory models. This book uses the example of its implementation in India to address the more general process of regulatory globalisation for developing countries. Amongst other objectives, the World Bank’s template endeavoured to insulate economic decision making from politics through legal reform. Through this template, the World Bank endeavoured to transform the role of the Indian state in the electricity sector from an interventionist or welfare state to a neo-liberal regulatory state by imposing constitution-like obligations. The book demonstrates that the unique social, economic and political characteristics of a jurisdiction cannot be ignored when incorporating a regulatory template in a jurisdictional context; for, by influencing the way an external regulatory model is internalized, it is these characteristics that determine its outcome. Providing a detailed empirical analysis of this key aspect of development policy, this book will be of interest to scholars and students in the fields of law and development, politics and public administration; as well as development practitioners and policy makers involved in reforming sector regulatory frameworks in their countries.

Make Yourself Uncomfortable

Make Yourself Uncomfortable
Author: Ron Gridcharts
Publisher: Lulu.com
Total Pages: 198
Release: 2015-05-16
Genre: Humor
ISBN: 1326277456

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Make Yourself Uncomfortable is a rainy day book containing stories, cartoons, jokes, poems and awesome colouring-in sections for mature readers everywhere. Fans of dark comedy will find much to treasure here, as author Ron Gridcharts (anag.) explores the dirty underbelly of sex, drugs and character roles. Yes, there are dick jokes.

Liquid Times

Liquid Times
Author: Zygmunt Bauman
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 125
Release: 2013-04-16
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 0745673287

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The passage from 'solid' to 'liquid' modernity has created a new and unprecedented setting for individual life pursuits, confronting individuals with a series of challenges never before encountered. Social forms and institutions no longer have enough time to solidify and cannot serve as frames of reference for human actions and long-term life plans, so individuals have to find other ways to organise their lives. They have to splice together an unending series of short-term projects and episodes that don't add up to the kind of sequence to which concepts like 'career' and 'progress' could meaningfully be applied. Such fragmented lives require individuals to be flexible and adaptable - to be constantly ready and willing to change tactics at short notice, to abandon commitments and loyalties without regret and to pursue opportunities according to their current availability. In liquid modernity the individual must act, plan actions and calculate the likely gains and losses of acting (or failing to act) under conditions of endemic uncertainty. Zygmunt Bauman's brilliant writings on liquid modernity have altered the way we think about the contemporary world. In this short book he explores the sources of the endemic uncertainty which shapes our lives today and, in so doing, he provides the reader with a brief and accessible introduction to his highly original account, developed at greater length in his previous books, of life in our liquid modern times.

Feeding the City

Feeding the City
Author: Sara Roncaglia
Publisher: Open Book Publishers
Total Pages: 235
Release: 2013-07-15
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1909254002

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Every day in Mumbai 5,000 dabbawalas (literally translated as "those who carry boxes") distribute a staggering 200,000 home-cooked lunchboxes to the city's workers and students. Giving employment and status to thousands of largely illiterate villagers from Mumbai's hinterland, this co-operative has been in operation since the late nineteenth century. It provides one of the most efficient delivery networks in the world: only one lunch in six million goes astray. Feeding the City is an ethnographic study of the fascinating inner workings of Mumbai's dabbawalas. Cultural anthropologist Sara Roncaglia explains how they cater to the various dietary requirements of a diverse and increasingly global city, where the preparation and consumption of food is pervaded with religious and cultural significance. Developing the idea of "gastrosemantics" - a language with which to discuss the broader implications of cooking and eating - Roncaglia's study helps us to rethink our relationship to food at a local and global level.

NGOs under Pressure in Partial Democracies

NGOs under Pressure in Partial Democracies
Author: Chris van der Borgh
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 249
Release: 2014-08-13
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 113731284X

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Over the past decade, international human rights organizations and think tanks have expressed a growing concern that the space of civil society organizations around the world is under pressure. This book examines the pressures experienced by NGOs in four partial democracies: Guatemala, Honduras, Indonesia and the Philippines.