Tongan Grammar

Tongan Grammar
Author: Clerk Maxwell Churchward
Publisher:
Total Pages: 330
Release: 1985
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN:

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An English and Tongan Vocabulary

An English and Tongan Vocabulary
Author: Shirley Waldemar Baker
Publisher:
Total Pages: 408
Release: 1897
Genre: English language
ISBN:

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Introduction to Tonga

Introduction to Tonga
Author: Gilad James, PhD
Publisher: Gilad James Mystery School
Total Pages: 97
Release:
Genre: Travel
ISBN: 4741094030

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Tonga is a Pacific Island nation located in the south of the Pacific Ocean, west of Fiji and north of New Zealand. It is made up of 169 islands, 36 of which are inhabited. The capital and largest island is Tongatapu, which is home to about two-thirds of the country's population. The Tongan culture is deeply rooted in tradition and is known for its hospitality, respect for elders, and the importance placed on family and community. Tonga is a constitutional monarchy with the King serving as the head of state. The country has a unicameral Parliament, which consists of 26 members: 17 elected by the people and 9 appointed by the King. The economy is largely based on agriculture and fishing, with tourism also playing an important role in recent years. The official language is Tongan, although English is widely spoken, especially in business settings. Despite its small size and limited resources, Tonga has a distinct place in the Pacific and is known for its unique culture, friendly people, and beautiful landscape.

Tonga

Tonga
Author: Martin Daly
Publisher: University of Hawaii Press
Total Pages: 322
Release: 2009-02-04
Genre: History
ISBN: 0824831969

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Praise for the first edition: "Tonga is unique among bibliographies in its perception and understanding, and in its affection for Tonga and its people. . . . Daly’s work stands on exceptionally sound foundations. . . . His summaries are excellent, indeed, but Daly writes always with the authority of first-hand knowledge, with a keen eye for the essential, and the ability to interpret and clarify obscurities. . . . A trustworthy introduction to Tonga in all its diversity, a splendid point de départ for all, layman or scholar, needing a reliable guide to the essential literature about this remarkable Polynesian kingdom." —Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies "The book is so arranged that it is easy to locate any of the items listed. . . . I found myself spending pleasant hours perusing Daly’s comments on the different publications.. . . I hope the rumor of a second, revised edition of this bibliography is true." —Journal of the Polynesian Society Tonga is a fascinating and subtle combination of a traditional Polynesian kingdom—the only one to survive the impact of colonization in the nineteenth century and remain independent—and a thoroughly Christian country. This comprehensive bibliography is a selective guide to the most significant and accessible English-language books, papers, and articles on every aspect of the kingdom’s history, culture, arts, politics, environment, and economy. It is a much updated and expanded edition of the original version that was published in 1999 as part of the World Bibliographical Series, with the addition of more than 200 new entries. Each of the approximately 600 described and annotated items is organized under broad subject headings, and indexed by author, title, and subject. In addition—and new to this edition—all known Ph.D. theses, although not annotated, are shown within their appropriate subject categories and indexed. Also new is a section on the most important Tonga-related websites. A general introduction describes the Tongan kingdom, its history and society, and its current situation. Tonga: A New Bibliography will be an invaluable resource for anyone with a serious interest in Tonga and an indispensable volume for academic libraries, reference collections, and policy makers focused on the Pacific islands.

An Introduction to the Tongan Language

An Introduction to the Tongan Language
Author: Edgar Tu'inukuafe
Publisher:
Total Pages: 80
Release: 1992
Genre: Tongan language
ISBN:

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Covers pronunciation notes, topic-based chapters, information about kinship terms, dialogues, etc.

A Grammar of Vaeakau-Taumako

A Grammar of Vaeakau-Taumako
Author: Åshild Næss
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Total Pages: 541
Release: 2011-06-30
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 3110238276

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Vaeakau-Taumako, also known as Pileni, is a Polynesian Outlier language spoken in the Reef and Duff Islands in the Solomon Islands' Temotu Province. This is an area of great linguistic diversity and long-standing language contact which has had far-reaching effects on the linguistic situation. Historically, speakers of Vaeakau-Taumako were shipbuilders and navigators who made trade voyages throughout the area, bringing them into constant contact with speakers of the Reefs-Santa Cruz, Utupua and Vanikoro languages. The latter languages are only distantly related to Vaeakau-Taumako, making up an only recently identified first-order subgroup of Oceanic. Polynesian speakers first arrived in the area some 700-1000 years ago from the core Polynesian areas to the east. While today most intra-group communication takes place in Solomon Islands Pijin, traditionally the situation was one of extensive multilingualism, and this has left profound traces in the grammar of Vaeakau-Taumako, which shows a number of structural properties not known from other Polynesian languages. A Grammar of Vaeakau-Taumako is the most comprehensive grammar of any Polynesian Outlier to date, and the first full-length grammar of any language of Temotu Province. Based on extensive fieldwork, it is structured as a reference grammar dealing with all aspects of language structure, from phonology to discourse organization, and including a selection of glossed texts. It will be of interest to typologists, Oceanic linguists, and researchers interested in language contact. “/P>

Social Structure, Space and Possession in Tongan Culture and Language

Social Structure, Space and Possession in Tongan Culture and Language
Author: Svenja Völkel
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Total Pages: 291
Release: 2010
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 9027202834

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This interdisciplinary study investigates the relationship between culture, language and cognition based on the aspects of social structure, space and possession in Tonga, Polynesia. Grounded on extensive field research, Volkel explores the subject from an anthropological as well as from a linguistic perspective. The book provides new insights into the language of respect, an honorific system which is deeply anchored in the societal hierarchy, spatial descriptions that are determined by socio-cultural and geocentric parameters, kinship terminology and possessive categories that perfectly express the system of social status inequalities among relatives. These examples impressively show that language is deeply anchored in its cultural context. Moreover, the linguistic structures reflect the underlying cognitive frame of its speakers. Just as several cultural practices (sitting order, access to land and gift exchange processes) the linguistic means are not only expressions of stratified social networks but also tools to maintain or negotiate the underlying socio-cultural system."

Hawaiian Grammar

Hawaiian Grammar
Author: Samuel H. Elbert
Publisher: University of Hawaii Press
Total Pages: 213
Release: 2021-05-25
Genre: Literary Collections
ISBN: 0824840798

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Without question, this is the definitive grammar of the Hawaiian language. Indeed it is the first attempt at a comprehensive treatment of the subject since W. D. Alexander published his concise Short Synopsis of the Most Essential Points in Hawaiian Grammar in 1864. This grammar is intended as a companion to the Hawaiian Dictionary, by the same authors. The grammar was written with every student of the Hawaiian language in mind—from the casual interested layperson to the professional linguist and grammarian. Although it was obviously impossible to avoid technical terms, their use was kept to a minimum, and a glossary is included for those who need its help. Each point of grammar is illustrated with examples, many from Hawaiian-language literature.