Novel Strategies for Design of High Temperature Titania-based Gas Sensors for Combustion Process Monitoring

Novel Strategies for Design of High Temperature Titania-based Gas Sensors for Combustion Process Monitoring
Author: Marla Lea Frank
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2003
Genre: Chemical detectors
ISBN:

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Abstract: TiO2 -based sensors were developed and characterized for improvement of selectivity and sensitivity towards CO gas at high temperatures. Selectivity was improved by combining several sensors into an array, while sensitivity improvement was studied by examination of the effects of various metal and metal oxide additives and reactive sputtering film preparation. TiO2-based sensors containing La2O3 and La2O3/CuO were combined into an array for testing of CO and O2 gas mixtures. Nonlinear regression analysis was developed to determine the concentrations of gases in the mixture. The regression technique can be used to determine the prediction ability of gas sensor combinations for given gas concentration ranges using a defined orthogonality index, as well as to determine the amount of each gas in the mixture based on the responses of a set of sensors. The prediction ability for a La2O3-containing sensor combined with La2O3/CuO-containing sensors with varying levels of CuO are compared for a range of CO and O2 concentrations. Concentrations of CO and O2 in gas mixtures are predicted using the La2O3- and La2O3/CuO-containing sensors and the regression analysis. Addition of various metals and metal oxides, including Au, CuO and La2O3 to TiO2-based gas sensors has been examined to determine the effect of additives on the gas-surface reactivity and electrical response of the sensors. Electrical measurements show that sensor sensitivity is decreased upon addition of La2O3 with only a slight increase in sensitivity when CuO is added to La2O3-containing sensors. Au, however, was found to increase the sensitivity of the TiO2-based sensors with and without La2O3. Gas chromatography was used to determine the catalytic conversion of CO for the various sensor materials at different temperatures for comparison with electrical measurements. General guidelines for additive selection have been proposed based on the results. Reactively sputtered thin film TiO2 gas sensors have been fabricated and characterized for improved sensitivity to CO gas. Sensitivity of optimized thin film sensors to CO was found to be much higher than for traditional thick film TiO2-based sensors. Characterization of the phase and morphology of the sensors using XRD, TEM and AFM show that the film consists of a dense layer of TiO2 in the rutile phase, with surface roughness changing with film thickness. Sensitivity of the thin film sensor could be varied by changing the film thickness, with a film thickness of 240 nm showing the best sensitivity to CO gas, although response and recovery times were slow.

Semiconductor Gas Sensors

Semiconductor Gas Sensors
Author: Raivo Jaaniso
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
Total Pages: 510
Release: 2019-09-24
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0081025602

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Semiconductor Gas Sensors, Second Edition, summarizes recent research on basic principles, new materials and emerging technologies in this essential field. Chapters cover the foundation of the underlying principles and sensing mechanisms of gas sensors, include expanded content on gas sensing characteristics, such as response, sensitivity and cross-sensitivity, present an overview of the nanomaterials utilized for gas sensing, and review the latest applications for semiconductor gas sensors, including environmental monitoring, indoor monitoring, medical applications, CMOS integration and chemical warfare agents. This second edition has been completely updated, thus ensuring it reflects current literature and the latest materials systems and applications. Includes an overview of key applications, with new chapters on indoor monitoring and medical applications Reviews developments in gas sensors and sensing methods, including an expanded section on gas sensor theory Discusses the use of nanomaterials in gas sensing, with new chapters on single-layer graphene sensors, graphene oxide sensors, printed sensors, and much more

Semiconducting Metal Oxides for Gas Sensing

Semiconducting Metal Oxides for Gas Sensing
Author: Yonghui Deng
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 402
Release: 2023-08-23
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9819926211

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The second edition of this book focuses on the synthesis, design, and application of semiconducting metal oxides as gas sensing materials, including the gas sensing mechanism, and modification methods for sensing materials, while also providing a comprehensive introduction to semiconductor gas sensing devices. As an essential part of IoT (Internet of things), gas sensors have shown great significance and promising prospects. Therefore, studies on functional mesoporous metal oxides, one of the most important gas sensing materials based on their unique Knudsen diffusion behavior and tailored pore structure, have increasingly attracted attention from various disciplines. The book offers a valuable reference guide to metal oxide gas sensing materials for undergraduate and graduate students alike. It will also benefit all researchers who are involved in synthesis and gas sensing of metal oxides nanomaterials with relevant frontier theories and concepts. Engineers working on research and development of semiconductor gas sensors will also find some new ideas for sensor design.

Metal Oxide Nanostructures as Gas Sensing Devices

Metal Oxide Nanostructures as Gas Sensing Devices
Author: G. Eranna
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Total Pages: 327
Release: 2016-04-19
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1439863415

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Metal Oxide Nanostructures as Gas Sensing Devices explores the development of an integrated micro gas sensor that is based on advanced metal oxide nanostructures and is compatible with modern semiconductor fabrication technology. This sensor can then be used to create a compact, low-power, handheld device for analyzing air ambience.The book first c

Carbon Monoxide Sensing Technologies

Carbon Monoxide Sensing Technologies
Author: Gurleen Kaur Gulati
Publisher: Materials Research Forum LLC
Total Pages: 76
Release: 2021-03-08
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 164490120X

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The book covers the sensing and monitoring of poisonous carbon monoxide pollution in the environment. The sensors covered include semiconducting metal oxides, carbon nanotubes, conducting polymeric thin films, sensors based on colorimetric detection, non-dispersive infrared sensors, electrochemical sensors and photoacoustic detectors. Keywords: Poisonous Gas Sensing, Carbon Monoxide Pollution, Semiconducting Metal Oxides, Carbon Nanotubes, Polymeric Thin Films, Colorimetric Gas Detection, Non-dispersive Infrared Sensors, Electrochemical Sensors, Photoacoustic Detectors, Bio-sensing of CO, Carbon Monoxide Pollution Sources, Mechanism of CO Toxicity.

Tio2 Thick Film Gas Sensor

Tio2 Thick Film Gas Sensor
Author: Chandrakant Dighavkar
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Total Pages: 284
Release: 2011-07
Genre:
ISBN: 9783844387551

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Solid state gas sensors have proved to be very promising for monitoring the emission of air pollutant and toxic gases because they are a low cost element. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is metal oxide semiconductor.TiO2 has been extensively studied owing to its wide range of applications which include photo catalysis, heterogeneous catalysis, energy storage, solar cell components, corrosion-protective coatings,optical coatings and gas sensing.The objectives of this project was to study the structural, electrical and gas sensing properties of undoped and doped TiO2 thick films.Gas sensing properties of the films were studied in static gas sensing system by exposing the films to the different gases as CO2, H2S, NH3,Ethanol, LPG and NO2 at different operating temperatures. The optimum operating temperature,sensitivity, selectivity, response, recovery time and the active region of detected gas were determined.Results showed that the doping alters the orientation of microstructure, grain size, composition, electrical and gas sensing characteristics.TiO2 films were observed to be most sensitive to reducing gases than oxidizing gases.

Gas Sensors

Gas Sensors
Author: Sher Bahadar Khan
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Total Pages: 170
Release: 2020-03-25
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1789851599

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This book focuses on the applications of nanomaterials in the fabrication of gas sensors. It covers recent developments of different materials used to design gas sensors, such as conducting polymers, semiconductors, as well as layered and nanosized materials. The widespread applications of various gas sensors for the detection of toxic gases are also discussed. The book provides a concise but thorough coverage of nanomaterials applications and utilization in gas sensors. In addition, it overviews recent developments in and the fabrication of gas sensors and their attributes for a broad audience, including beginners, graduate students, and specialists in both academic and industrial sectors.

Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) and Its Applications

Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) and Its Applications
Author: Francesco Parrino
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 735
Release: 2020-11-29
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0128204346

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Scientific interest in TiO2-based materials has exponentially grown in the last few decades. Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) and Its Applications introduces the main physicochemical properties of TiO2 which are the basis of its applications in various fields. While the basic principles of the TiO2 properties have been the subject of various previous publications, this book is mainly devoted to TiO2 applications. The book includes contributions written by experts from a wide range of disciplines in order to address titanium dioxide's utilization in energy, consumer, materials, devices, and catalytic applications. The various applications identified include: photocatalysis, catalysis, optics, electronics, energy storage and production, ceramics, pigments, cosmetics, sensors, and heat transfer. Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) and Its Applications is suitable for a wide readership in the disciplines of materials science, chemistry, and engineering in both academia and industry. Includes a wide range of current and emerging applications of titanium dioxide in the fields of energy, consumer applications, materials, and devices Provides a brief overview of titanium dioxide and its properties, as well as techniques to design, deposit, and study the material Discusses the relevant properties, preparation methods, and other apposite considerations in each application-focused chapter