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| Author | : J. L. Burch |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 6 |
| Release | : 1972 |
| Genre | : Interplanetary magnetic fields |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Syun-Ichi Akasofu |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 620 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9401011648 |
Man, through intensive observations of natural phenomena, has learned about some of the basic principles which govern nature. The aurora is one of the most fascinating of these natural phenomena, and by studying it, man has just begun to comprehend auroral phenomena in terms of basic cosmic electrodynamic processes. The systematic and extensive observation of the aurora during and after the great international enterprise, the International Geophysical Year (lGY), led to the concept of the auroral substorm. Like many other geophysical phenomena, auroral displays have a dual time (universal- and local-time) dependence when seen by a ground-based observer. Thus, it was a difficult task for single observers, rotating with the Earth once a day, to grasp a transient feature of a large-scale auroral display. Such a complexity is inevitable in studying many geophysical features, in particular the polar upper atmospheric phenomena. However, it was found that their complexity began to unfold when the concept of the auroral substorm was introduced. In a book entitled Polar and Magnetospheric Substorms, the predeces sor to this book, I tried to describe the auroral phenomena as completely as possible in terms of the concept of the auroral substorm. At that time, the first satellite observations of particles and magnetic fields during substorms were just becoming available, and it was suggested that the auroral sub storm is a manifestation of a magnetospheric phenomenon called the magnetospheric substorm.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 692 |
| Release | : 1974 |
| Genre | : Nuclear energy |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Syun-Ichi Akasofu |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 293 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9401034613 |
It has become increasingly clear that the magnetosphere becomes intermittently unstable and explosively releases a large amount of energy into the polar upper atmos phere. This particular magnetospheric phenomenon is called the magnetospheric sub storm. It is manifested as an activity or disturbance ofvarious polar upper atmospheric phenomena, such as intense auroral displays and X-ray bursts. Highly active conditions in the polar upper atmosphere result from a successive occurrence of such an element ary activity, the polar substorm, which lasts typically of order one to three hours. The concept of the magnetospheric substorm and its manifestation in the polar upper atmosphere, the polar substorm, has rapidly crystallized during the last few years. We can find a hint of such a concept in the term 'polar elementary storm' introduced by Kristian Birkeland as early as 1908. However, we are greatly indebted to Sydney Chapman, who established the basic foundation of magnetospheric physics and has led researches in this field during the last half century. Indeed, the terms 'polar magnetic substorm' and 'auroral substorm' were first suggested by Sydney Chapman. The concept of the substorm was then soon extended by Neil M. Brice of Cornell University, and Kinsey A. Anderson and his colleagues at the University ofCaliforrlia, Berkeley, who introduced the term 'magnetospheric substorm'. We owe many of these recent developments in magnetospheric physics to the great international enterprise, the International Geophysical Year (IGY) and subse quent international cooperative effort (IGC, IQSY).
| Author | : Richard Erin Newell |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 118 |
| Release | : 1974 |
| Genre | : Magnetic storms |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Richard Frank Donnelly |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 736 |
| Release | : 1979 |
| Genre | : Cosmic physics |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 1130 |
| Release | : 1973 |
| Genre | : Atmosphere, Upper |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : A.T.Y. Lui |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 527 |
| Release | : 2005-07-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 008045769X |
Many approaches exist for scientific investigations and space research is no exception. The early approach during which each space plasma region within the Sun-Earth system was investigated separately with physics-based tools has now progressed to encompass investigations on coupling between these regions. Ample evidence now exists indicating the dynamic processes in these regions exhibit disturbances over a wide range of scales both in time and space. This new reckoning naturally leads to an emerging perspective of probing these natural phenomena with concepts and tools developed in modern statistical mechanics for physical processes governing the evolution of out-of-equilibrium and complex systems. These new developments have prompted a topical conference on Sun-Earth connection, held on February 9-13, 2004 at Kailua-Kona, Hawaii, USA, with the goal of promoting interactions among scientists practicing the traditional physics-based approach and those utilizing modern statistical techniques. This monograph is a product of this conference, a compilation of thirty-nine articles assembled into seven chapters: (1) multiscale features in complexity dynamics, (2) space storms, (3) magnetospheric substorms, (4) turbulence and magnetic reconnection, (5) modeling and coupling of space phenomena, (6) techniques for multiscale space plasma problems, and (7) present and future multiscale space missions. These articles show a diversity of space phenomena exhibiting scale free characteristics, intermittency, and non-Gaussian distributions of probability density function of fluctuations in the physical parameters of the Sun-Earth system. The scope covers the latest observations, theories, simulations, and techniques on the multiscale nature of Sun-Earth phenomena and underscores the usefulness in cross-disciplinary exchange needed to unravel the underlying physical processes, which may eventually lead to a possible unified description and prediction for space disturbances. * Extensive collection of state-of-the-art papers on multiscale coupling of Sun-Earth Processes * Present and future multiscale space missions * New techniques and models for performing multiscale analysis
| Author | : Richard Frank Donnelly |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 736 |
| Release | : 1979 |
| Genre | : Cosmic physics |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : L.-H. Lyu |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 375 |
| Release | : 2002-05-08 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0080541518 |
Magnetic storms may cause damage to satellites, radiation hazard to astronauts, disruption of radio communications, and interruption of ground electric power lines. Space weather prediction becomes an important issue to be addressed in the twenty-first century. International Solar Terrestrial Program (ISTP) employs five satellites to probe the solar wind and magnetosphere, providing valuable information for space weather prediction. The Asia-Pacific region is becoming one of the economic centers in the world. The continuous drive for scientific and technological progress in parallel is evidenced by the establishment of many space research organizations in many countries of this area. In Taiwan, the National Space Program Office (NSPO) established her third satellite program -- COSMIC (Constellation Obsering Systems for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate), which is a science experiment to demonstrate the utility of atmospheric radio limb soundings from a constellation of six low-earth orbiting satellites in operational weather prediction, space weather monitoring, and climate monitoring and research.In order to provide a forum to discuss the many new results in this rapid-moving field and to forge international collaborations, a three-day COSPAR Colloquium on "Space Weather Study Using Multipoint Techniques" was held. This colloquium have provided a forum for experts from the international community to present new results on the timely topic "space weather".
