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The objective of this thesis was the developement of new polyfunctional ligands families to study, in a first time, their coordination chemistry towards metallic centers, and in a second time, in view of the nature of the species formed their physical and/or catalytic properties. The combination of donor sites which seems the most interesting was based on the association of donors known to form strong interactions with the metals envisaged, like phosphines (P- ) or N-heterocyclic carbenes (CNHC- ), with more labile donors, like a thioether function (S- ). This association allows the formation of systems called "hemilabiles", which showed good candidates for homogenous catalytic applications. Ligands of type: diaminophosphine/thioether: P-, P-, S- have been developed. These ligands showed various coordination modes, from which a large variety of organometallic complexes were obtained. The second target ligands were of type: N-heterocyclique carbenes (NHC), bearing a thioether group on one nitrogen atom from the cycle: S, CNHC or on both nitrogen: S, CNHC, S. Their precursors have been prepared in "ecofriend" conditions and allowing a large variability. The ligands offer also various coordination modes illustrated by their silver(I) and palladium(II) complexes. The catalytic potential of these compounds has been evaluated in the Suzuki- Miyaura cross-coupling reaction and revealed a very good activity towards brominated substrates.