The Russian's Ultimatum

The Russian's Ultimatum
Author: Michelle Smart
Publisher: Harlequin
Total Pages: 187
Release: 2015-01-01
Genre: Fiction
ISBN: 146033292X

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He'll make her an offer… Pascha Virshilas is on the brink of securing personal redemption when Emily Richardson breaks into his office and steals private company documents. And then she has the gall to blackmail him into clearing her father's name! She can't refuse! But Pascha has his own terms. He'll keep his side of the bargain, but the enticing Emily must accompany him to his private island—the only place he can ensure her silence. But in the midst of a tropical storm, the wind blows aside suspicions and secrets to reveal something much more dangerous—lust!

The Russian Ultimatum to Iran in 1911

The Russian Ultimatum to Iran in 1911
Author: Alaedin Vahid Gharavi
Publisher:
Total Pages: 252
Release: 1998
Genre:
ISBN:

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One of the obvious manifestations of Russian expansionism in Iran displayed at the dawn of the twentieth century and beginning of World War 1 was the Russian Ultimatum served to Iran. The pretext, for Russian Intervention in Iran was the appointment of the American national, Morgan Shuster, as Treasurer General by the Persian Government. His employment coincided with the failure of the deposed Mohammad Ali Shah to return to power in Iran. After Mohammad Ali Shah's defeat and his return to Russia, the Second constitutional Majlis ordained that the property of Shoa os-Saltaneh, the brother of the deposed king, should be confiscated because he had actively participated in the mobilisation of Mohammad Ali Shah's mercenary army against Iran. Upon the instruction of the Majlis, Morgan Shuster was instructed to seize the Prince's property. Russia considered this act as a breach of her interests in Iran because Shoa os-Saltaneh was indebted to the Russian Credit Bank and his property was under the bank's mortgage. Thus the seizure of the property was construed as seizure of Russian property in Iran. Following the confiscation of Shoa's property, Russia served two ultimatums to the Persian Government demanding the immediate extradition of Shuster from Iran and threatening, to send an army to capture northern Persian territories, should Iran fail to expel Shuster. This ultimatum produced various reactions in the Persian community; and the Government. Meanwhile England, increasingly alarmed at the emergence of a militant Germany, had signed the 1907 Convention with Russia on the eve of World War 1 and was desirous of consolidating her friendly ties with the Russians. As such London had assumed a conciliatory and complicit attitude towards Russian ambitions in Iran. This research aims to analyse the crucial problem of national awareness in Iran and the struggle the pioneers of Iran's independence waged against foreign powers seeking dominance over the country. It attempts to make a contribution to the literature on Iran's political history in the early twentieth century, examining the various factors contributing to the development of national sovereignty.........

British Ultimatum to Russia

British Ultimatum to Russia
Author: National "Hands off Russia" Committee
Publisher:
Total Pages: 4
Release: 1923
Genre: Christianity and politics
ISBN:

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July 1914

July 1914
Author: Sean McMeekin
Publisher: Basic Books
Total Pages: 482
Release: 2014-04-29
Genre: History
ISBN: 0465038867

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When a Serbian-backed assassin gunned down Archduke Franz Ferdinand in late June 1914, the world seemed unmoved. Even Ferdinand's own uncle, Franz Josef I, was notably ambivalent about the death of the Hapsburg heir, saying simply, "It is God's will." Certainly, there was nothing to suggest that the episode would lead to conflict -- much less a world war of such massive and horrific proportions that it would fundamentally reshape the course of human events. As acclaimed historian Sean McMeekin reveals in July 1914, World War I might have been avoided entirely had it not been for a small group of statesmen who, in the month after the assassination, plotted to use Ferdinand's murder as the trigger for a long-awaited showdown in Europe. The primary culprits, moreover, have long escaped blame. While most accounts of the war's outbreak place the bulk of responsibility on German and Austro-Hungarian militarism, McMeekin draws on surprising new evidence from archives across Europe to show that the worst offenders were actually to be found in Russia and France, whose belligerence and duplicity ensured that war was inevitable. Whether they plotted for war or rode the whirlwind nearly blind, each of the men involved -- from Austrian Foreign Minister Leopold von Berchtold and German Chancellor Bethmann Hollweg to Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Sazonov and French president Raymond Poincaré- sought to capitalize on the fallout from Ferdinand's murder, unwittingly leading Europe toward the greatest cataclysm it had ever seen. A revolutionary account of the genesis of World War I, July 1914 tells the gripping story of Europe's countdown to war from the bloody opening act on June 28th to Britain's final plunge on August 4th, showing how a single month -- and a handful of men -- changed the course of the twentieth century.

Russians in Iran

Russians in Iran
Author: Rudi Matthee
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Total Pages: 339
Release: 2018-01-25
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1786723360

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Russians in Iran seeks to challenge the traditional narrative regarding Russian involvement Iran and to show that whilst Russia's historical involvement in Iran is longstanding it is nonetheless much misunderstood. Russia's influence in Iran between 1800 and the middle of the twentieth century is not simply a story of inexorable intrusion and domination: rather, it is a complex and interactive process of mostly indirect control and constructive engagement. Drawing on fresh archival material, the contributors provide a window into the power and influence wielded in Iran not just by the Russian government through it traditional representatives but by Russian nationals operating in Iran in a variety of capacities, including individuals, bankers, and entrepreneurs. Russians in Iran reveals the multifaceted role that Russians have played in Iranian history and provides an original and important contribution to the history and international relations of Iran, Russia and the Middle East.

The Russian Origins of the First World War

The Russian Origins of the First World War
Author: Sean McMeekin
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Total Pages: 345
Release: 2013-05-06
Genre: History
ISBN: 0674072332

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The catastrophe of the First World War, and the destruction, revolution, and enduring hostilities it wrought, make the issue of its origins a perennial puzzle. Since World War II, Germany has been viewed as the primary culprit. Now, in a major reinterpretation of the conflict, Sean McMeekin rejects the standard notions of the war’s beginning as either a Germano-Austrian preemptive strike or a “tragedy of miscalculation.” Instead, he proposes that the key to the outbreak of violence lies in St. Petersburg. It was Russian statesmen who unleashed the war through conscious policy decisions based on imperial ambitions in the Near East. Unlike their civilian counterparts in Berlin, who would have preferred to localize the Austro-Serbian conflict, Russian leaders desired a more general war so long as British participation was assured. The war of 1914 was launched at a propitious moment for harnessing the might of Britain and France to neutralize the German threat to Russia’s goal: partitioning the Ottoman Empire to ensure control of the Straits between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean. Nearly a century has passed since the guns fell silent on the western front. But in the lands of the former Ottoman Empire, World War I smolders still. Sunnis and Shiites, Arabs and Jews, and other regional antagonists continue fighting over the last scraps of the Ottoman inheritance. As we seek to make sense of these conflicts, McMeekin’s powerful exposé of Russia’s aims in the First World War will illuminate our understanding of the twentieth century.

The Russian Year-book

The Russian Year-book
Author: Howard Percy Kennard
Publisher:
Total Pages: 804
Release: 1916
Genre: Russia
ISBN:

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The Britannica Year-book

The Britannica Year-book
Author: Hugh Chisholm
Publisher:
Total Pages: 1292
Release: 1913
Genre: Encyclopedias and dictionaries
ISBN:

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The Britannica Year-book 1913

The Britannica Year-book 1913
Author: Hugh Chisholm
Publisher:
Total Pages: 1342
Release: 1913
Genre: Encyclopedias and dictionaries
ISBN:

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