The Promise and the Perils of Agricultural Trade Liberalization

The Promise and the Perils of Agricultural Trade Liberalization
Author: Sergio Schlesinger
Publisher:
Total Pages: 26
Release: 2008
Genre: Agriculture
ISBN: 9780929513812

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"As a region, Latin America enacted the most sweeping reforms to its trade policies in the world. Following the Washington Consensus policies, government after government opened its economy significantly to foreign investment and goods. In agriculture, the new policies have generated dramatic increases in agricultural trade, but have they produced sustainable rural development? That is the question this report seeks to answer. Based on detailed studies by a select group of U.S. and Latin American researchers, it examines both the promise of agricultural trade liberalization for developing countries - growth through expanded exports - and its perils - the potential loss of rural livelihoods as low-priced imports flood domestic markets. ... [T]he report is based on seven case studies on the impacts of liberalization and related policies on specific countries. To assess the promise of export agriculture, researchers examined the South American soybean boom with studies of Brazil, Argentina, and Bolivia. To review the impacts on small-scale farmers, the project commissioned case studies on El Salvador, Bolivia, and Brazil. Finally, a case study on Mexico after fourteen years under NAFTA looks at both the expansion of export agriculture and the impacts of rising imports on small-scale farmers. This report offers concrete policy suggestions for the U.S. government, international financial institutions, and national governments in the region. The recommendations offer a new approach to Latin America, one that recognizes the limited promise and the real perils of agricultural trade liberalization for developing countries."--Page ii.

Agricultural Trade Liberalization and the Least Developed Countries

Agricultural Trade Liberalization and the Least Developed Countries
Author: Niek Koning
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 264
Release: 2007-05-07
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9781402060854

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Developing countries as a group stand to gain very substantially from trade reform in agricultural commodities. Agricultural Trade Liberalization and the Least Developed Countries is the first book to address important questions relating to this subject. The authors are world renowned experts on international trade and development and they address a very important and timely issue.

The Geography of Trade Liberalization

The Geography of Trade Liberalization
Author: Omar Awapara
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 256
Release: 2023-01-01
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 3031234200

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This book answers why anti-trade forces in developing countries sometimes fail to effectively exert pressure on their governments. The backlash against globalization spread across several Latin American countries in the 2000s, yet a few countries such as Peru doubled down on their bets on free trade by signing bilateral agreements with the US and the EU. This study uses evidence from three Latin American countries (Peru, Argentina, and Bolivia) to suggest that geography can play a significant role in shaping trade preferences and undermining the formation and clout of distributional coalitions that seek protectionism. Because trade liberalization can have uneven distributional impacts along regional lines, trade liberalization losers can find themselves in unfavorable conditions to associate and engage in collective action. Under these circumstances, few coalitions emerge to battle for protection in the policy arena, and when they do, geographic distance from decision-makers in the capital city can be a significant barrier to realizing their interests. As a result, even where a majority of the population living in regions that have not benefitted from trade elect a leftist president, trade reform reversal will not occur unless protectionist interests are close to the capital city. The contrast between Peru, on one side, and Argentina and Bolivia, on the other, highlights the powerful influence geography can have on reversing trade policy or preserving the status quo.

Seeds of Freedom

Seeds of Freedom
Author: Clark Taylor
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 238
Release: 2015-11-17
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1317252322

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Seeds of Freedom is a remarkable case study of liberating education in the remote Guatemalan Maya indigenous village of Santa Maria Tzeja in the four decades since it was first settled in 1970. Clark Taylor's account begins at a time in which the majority of the village consisted of illiterate landless and land-poor peasant farmers working in conditions close to slavery. With the help of a Catholic priest, the village's founding pioneers were granted land, settled the village, established a school for their children, and began to prosper. By 2010 the village's emerging professionals were filling increasingly important social change roles at the local, regional, and national levels and nearly all children are educated with many to a university level. As such Santa Maria has come to exemplify the theory and practice of liberating education. The book tells the history of this remarkable community and reveals the transformative potential of the radical pedagogy of Paulo Freire and others. Santa Maria has thus become an example of dynamic liberating education, and its history has much to offer educators, students and solidarity activists throughout the world.

Food Sovereignty

Food Sovereignty
Author: Eric Holt-Gimenez
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 364
Release: 2018-01-02
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1351853562

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A fundamentally contested concept, food sovereignty (FS) has – as a political project and campaign, an alternative, a social movement and an analytical framework – barged into global discourses, both political and academic, over the past two decades. This collection identifies a number of key questions regarding FS. What does (re)localisation mean? How does the notion of FS connect with similar and/or overlapping ideas historically? How does it address questions of both market and non-market forces in a dominantly capitalist world? How does FS deal with such differentiating social contradictions? How does the movement deal with larger issues of nation-state, where a largely urbanised world of non-food producing consumers harbours interests distinct from those of farmers? How does FS address the current trends of crop booms, as well as other alternatives that do not sit comfortably within the basic tenets of FS, such as corporate-captured fair trade? How does FS grapple with the land question and move beyond the narrow ‘rural/agricultural’ framework? Such questions call for a new era of research into FS, a movement and theme that in recent years has inspired and mobilised tens of thousands of activists and academics around the world: young and old, men and women, rural and urban. This book was originally published as a special issue of Third World Quarterly.

The Handbook of Food Research

The Handbook of Food Research
Author: Anne Murcott
Publisher: A&C Black
Total Pages: 681
Release: 2013-10-10
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1847889166

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This handbook is essential reference for scholars needing a comprehensive overview into research on the social, political, economic, psychological, geographical and historical aspects of food.

Enduring Reform

Enduring Reform
Author: Jeffrey W. Rubin
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Press
Total Pages: 287
Release: 2020-02-24
Genre: History
ISBN: 0822980282

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Over the last twenty years, business responses to progressive reform in Latin America have shifted dramatically. Until the 1990s, progressive movements in Latin America suffered violent repression sanctioned by the private sector and other socio-political elites. The powerful case studies in this volume show how business responses to reform have become more open-ended as Latin America's democracies have deepened, with repression tempered by the economic uncertainties of globalization, the political and legal constraints of democracy, and shifting cultural understandings of poverty and race. Enduring Reform presents five case studies from Mexico, Brazil, and Argentina in which marginalized groups have successfully forged new cultural and economic spaces and won greater autonomy and political voice. Bringing together NGO's, local institutions, social movements, and governments, these initiatives have developed new mechanisms to work 'within the system,' while also challenging the system's logic and constraints. Through firsthand interviews, the contributors capture local businesspeople's understandings of these progressive initiatives and record how they grapple with changes they may not always welcome, but must endure. Among their criteria, the contributors evaluate the degree to which businesspeople recognize and engage with reform movements and how they frame electoral counterproposals to reformist demands. The results show an uneven response to reform, dependent on cultural as much or more than economic factors, as businesses move to decipher, modify, collaborate with, outmaneuver, or limit progressive innovations. From the rise of worker-owned factories in Buenos Aires, to the collective marketing initiatives of impoverished Mayans in San Crist—bal de las Casas, the success of democracy in Latin America depends on powerful and cooperative social actions and actors, including the private sector. As the cases in Enduring Reform show, the democratic context of Latin America today presses businesspeople to endure, accept, and at times promote progressive change in unprecedented ways, even as they act to limit and constrain it.

History of International Trade in Soybeans, Soy Oil and Soybean Meal, Plus Trade Policy (1859-2021)

History of International Trade in Soybeans, Soy Oil and Soybean Meal, Plus Trade Policy (1859-2021)
Author: William Shurtleff; Akiko Aoyagi
Publisher: Soyinfo Center
Total Pages: 1527
Release: 2021-09-07
Genre: Reference
ISBN: 1948436493

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The world's most comprehensive, well documented, and well illustrated book on this subject. With extensive subject and geographic index. 107 photographs and illustrations - mostly color. Free of charge in digital PDF format.