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| Author | : Stephanie Alexandra Suhr |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2008 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Thuy Nguyen |
| Publisher | : GRIN Verlag |
| Total Pages | : 22 |
| Release | : 2008-10-07 |
| Genre | : Literary Collections |
| ISBN | : 3640181484 |
Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,3, University of Duisburg-Essen, course: Language and Gender , language: English, abstract: In London during the 1980ies there were reports in the right-wing press, that socialist local councils like Hackney Council had to banish the word manhole by order of its Women’s Committee since the term was meant to be sexist. This is just one out of many incidences that came up during the political correctness debate. Since the eighties this phenomenon has occurred on the American campuses and developed rapidly to a publicly debated subject. This essay will deal with the phenomenon of the political correctness in the English language with the main focus on gender questions and feminist linguistics. The central question is if expressions like policemen or phrases like to be the master of the situation are really conceived as sexist by the majority of people and if replacing those by terms like “police officers” can solve the problem of sexist language use. Have the efforts to regulate or reform language been successful and can language be at all non-sexist or even neutral? First of all, the term political correctness and politically correct are placed into a historical context explaining its roots and development before trying to define the concept. Furthermore, the importance of the political correctness debate for the Women’s Liberation Movement and the development of feminist linguistics will be explained. The third chapter explains on which assumptions and theories the claimed language change is based on. The relation between language use and perception of the individual or of a group plays a central part. In the context of the political correctness debate the central question is in how far sexist language use, representation, the naming or not naming of women effects the perception and thinking of people. The fourth chapter gives a description of the measures that were taken in order to influence language and language use. On the one hand, measures aimed at the regulation and sanction of sexist language and on the other hand, some more moderate and liberal measures intended the reformation of language in order to achieve more equality between women and men on a linguistic level. In how far have these measures been successful in increasing the awareness for discriminating language use?
| Author | : Valera Tokarev |
| Publisher | : GRIN Verlag |
| Total Pages | : 28 |
| Release | : 2018-01-10 |
| Genre | : Literary Collections |
| ISBN | : 3668607680 |
Seminar paper from the year 2016 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,3, University of Cologne, course: How Language Change(s), language: English, abstract: The thesis of my paper is that prescriptions of politically correct language cause language change and may lead to an increasing equivocalness of language by incorporating euphemisms. To back up this argument, I will introduce the model of the so called euphemism treadmill created by linguist Steven Pinker. At first, a definition of the term political correctness will be given in the introduction. Furthermore, I will examine how language is changed through PC and through which mechanisms prescriptive speech codes emerge and can spread nationwide. Additionally, due to the fact that the very first speech restrictions were set up on US high school campuses, I will also provide a survey in which I analyze the Self-attitude of students of the Philosophical Faculty (University of Cologne) towards politically correct language, with a special focus on nonsexist/genderneutral language. The results will be then compared to the current situation in the U.S.
| Author | : Geoffrey Hughes |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 4 |
| Release | : 2011-09-13 |
| Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
| ISBN | : 1444360299 |
Political Correctness “Geoffrey Hughes has brought together with great panache the very many manifestations of political correctness, both absurd and vicious, and shown how they express a single collective mind-set. His book establishes beyond doubt that there is such a phenomenon, that it has become dominant in our culture, and that it represents a growing tendency to censor public debate and to prevent people from questioning orthodoxies which we all know to be false.” Roger Scruton, American Enterprise Institute “What a joy this book is! Hughes’ study traces, with unflagging zest, the modern history of PC. Sumptuous in data, in judgment precise, this is the latest and fullest of Hughes’ series on the social history of language.” Walter Nash, Professor Emeritus, University of Nottingham Political Correctness is now an everyday phrase and part of the modern mindset. Everyone thinks they know what it means, but its own meaning constantly shifts. Its surprising origins have led to it becoming integrated into contemporary culture in ways that are both idealistic and ridiculous. Originally grounded in respect for difference and sensitivity to suffering, it has often become a distraction and even a silencer of genuine issues, provoking satire and parody. In this carefully researched, thought-provoking book, Geoffrey Hughes examines the trajectory of political correctness and its impact on public life. Exploring the origins, progress, content, and style of PC, Hughes’ journey leads us through authors as diverse as Chaucer, Shakespeare and Swift; Philip Larkin, David Mamet, and J.M. Coetzee; from nursery rhymes to Spike Lee films. Focusing on the historical, semantic, and cultural aspects of political correctness, this outstanding and unique work will intrigue anyone interested in this ongoing debate.
| Author | : Aleksandra Piasecka-Till |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2002 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Como analista crítica do discurso, afirmo que práticas discursivas específicas são um meio de criar ou recriar, reforçar ou desafiar relações sociais, identidades sociais e tipos específicos de conhecimento. A mídia, uma das instituições mais poderosas do mundo contemporâneo, constitui uma arena importante para esses processos. Neste estudo, baseado nas teorias de semiótica social de Halliday (1978), análise crítica do discurso sob o enfoque da teoria social do discurso de Fairclough (1994,1996), lingüística de corpus e de estudos de gênero, investigo a interdependência do uso da linguagem e da prática social. Dentro do gênero textual 'notícia', me concentro nos textos do tipo 'notícia soft' (Bell 1994), que compõem um corpus de cinqüenta e sete artigos de jornais britânicos 'de qualidade', nos quais a frase political correctness (PC) foi usada. Uma vez que o conceito de PC permanece controverso, analiso o processo de construção desta controvérsia através de escolhas lexicais. Após examinar as colocações das frases associadas ao PC num grande corpus geral de inglês (Collins Birmingham University Language Database de 323 milhões de palavras), focalizo a minha atenção nas escolhas lexicais específicas nos artigos dos jornais The Times e The Sunday Times. Tanto o corpus geral quanto o corpus de textos jornalísticos, permitem me estabelecer que o conceito de PC está lingüisticamente representado como um fenômeno ameaçador, porque incorpora uma proposta de transformação da inaudível voz dos grupos oprimidos em audível. Também a representação das mulheres segue a ideologia patriarcal, construindo as relações de gênero assimetricamente. Os resultados deste estudo mostram que discursos variados entrelaçados nas práticas do dia-a-dia dos produtores da mídia servem aos que detêm poder social para preservar o status quo. Com a revelação das mensagens e dos significados codificados, esta pesquisa pretende contribuir para o desenvolvimento da consciência sobre o papel da linguagem na transformação de nossa subordinação em independência. As a critical discourse analyst I state that specific discursive practices are means of creating or recreating, reinforcing or challenging social relations and identities, and specific kinds of knowledge. The media, one of the most powerful institutions in the contemporary world, constitute an important arena for these processes. This study, based on principles of Hallidayan social semiotics (1978), Critical Discourse Analysis within the scope of Fairclough's social theory of discourse (1994, 1996), Corpus Linguistics and feminist theories, investigates the interdependence between language use and social practice. Within the genre of press news, it concentrates on the 'soft' news, a corpus of fifty-seven articles from the British quality newspapers, in which the phrase political correctness (PC) has appeared. Since the issue of PC remains controversial, I analyse the process of constructing this controversy through lexical choices. After examining collocations of PC related terms in a large general corpus of the English language (COBUILD's Bank of English), I focus my attention on the specific lexical choices made in articles from The Times and Sunday Times. Both the corpora have permitted me to establish that the concept of PC is linguistically re/presented as a threatening phenomenon, since it incorporates a proposal of transforming the inaudible voice of the discriminated into an audible one. Therefore, also women's re/presentation conforms to the patriarchal ideology to re/produce asymmetrical gender relations. The findings of this study show that different discourses woven into everyday practices of media practitioners serve the power holders to preserve the status quo. By unveiling coded messages and meanings, this study aims at developing readers' awareness of the role language/discourse can play in transforming subordination into independence.
| Author | : Douglas Mark Ponton |
| Publisher | : Vernon Press |
| Total Pages | : 241 |
| Release | : 2020-04-02 |
| Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
| ISBN | : 1622738772 |
This book builds on the consolidated research field of Political Discourse Analysis and attempts to provide an introduction suitable for adoption amongst a readership wishing to understand some of the principles underlying such research, and above all to appreciate how the tools of discourse analysis might be applied to actual texts. It summarises some of the work that has been done in this field by authorities such as Halliday, Fairclough, Wodak, Chilton, Van Dijk, Martin, Van Leeuwen and others to provide the would-be analyst with practical ideas for their own research. Naturally, this would not be the first time that such a handbook or introductory reference book has been proposed. Fairclough himself recently produced one; however, his work, simply entitled Political Discourse Analysis, inevitably includes theoretical insights from his own research. The beginning analyst can, at times, experience a sense of bewilderment at the mass of theoretical writing in linguistics, in the search for some practical, usable tools. I explain a variety of such tools, demonstrating their usefulness in application to the analysis of a number of political speeches, from different historical periods and diverse social contexts. The author’s hope is that would-be students of political rhetoric, of whatever level and from a variety of research areas, will be able to pick up this book and find tools and techniques that will assist them in actual work on texts. Naturally, it is also hoped that they will be inspired to follow up the suggestions for further reading which they will find in the bibliography.
| Author | : J. W. Brasher |
| Publisher | : AuthorHouse |
| Total Pages | : 158 |
| Release | : 2010-10 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 1452070075 |
-Putting on paper what others will only touch inside the sealed chambers of the mind. -What keeps millions from exercising their right of free speech - FEAR. - The ultimate politically incorrect political commentary---and beyond. -Political trinitrotoluene in print. -This little book is sure to enlighten some and bring out the irrational in others. How will you find it.
| Author | : Annette Gomis van Heteren |
| Publisher | : Universidad Almería |
| Total Pages | : 162 |
| Release | : 1997-01-01 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 9788482400839 |
In this book the recent phenomenon of political correctness or PC is studied in the American context in which it arose with a brief section devoted to its British press coverage. The author examines the question from the point of view of an outsider and one who moreover lives in continental Europe, and consequently her perspective aims to be as far-reaching as possible, in contrast to most of the studies of PC so far. The scope of the book discusses the background of PC and manifestations of the different aspects that make up the so-called PC debate, only one of which is the canon debate. Annette Gomis has an Honours degree in Modern Languages from Trinity College Dublin, and a degree in Modern Languages from the University or Valencia. She also has an MSc. in Theaching English from the University of Aston and a Ph.D.in English from the University of Granada. She is currently a member of the Dpeartment of French, English and German at the University of Almería.
| Author | : Douglas Mark Ponton |
| Publisher | : Vernon Press |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2020-09-08 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9781622739325 |
This book builds on the consolidated research field of Political Discourse Analysis and attempts to provide an introduction suitable for adoption amongst a readership wishing to understand some of the principles underlying such research, and above all to appreciate how the tools of discourse analysis might be applied to actual texts. It summarises some of the work that has been done in this field by authorities such as Halliday, Fairclough, Wodak, Chilton, Van Dijk, Martin, Van Leeuwen and others to provide the would-be analyst with practical ideas for their own research. Naturally, this would not be the first time that such a handbook or introductory reference book has been proposed. Fairclough himself recently produced one; however, his work, simply entitled Political Discourse Analysis, inevitably includes theoretical insights from his own research. The beginning analyst can, at times, experience a sense of bewilderment at the mass of theoretical writing in linguistics, in the search for some practical, usable tools. I explain a variety of such tools, demonstrating their usefulness in application to the analysis of a number of political speeches, from different historical periods and diverse social contexts.The author's hope is that would-be students of political rhetoric, of whatever level and from a variety of research areas, will be able to pick up this book and find tools and techniques that will assist them in actual work on texts. Naturally, it is also hoped that they will be inspired to follow up the suggestions for further reading which they will find in the bibliography.
| Author | : Andrea Pizarro Pedraza |
| Publisher | : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG |
| Total Pages | : 308 |
| Release | : 2018-05-22 |
| Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
| ISBN | : 3110580519 |
Linguistic taboo has been relegated for a long time to a peripheral position within Linguistics, due to its social stigmatization and inherent linguistic complexity. Recently, though, there has been a renewed interest in revisiting the phenomenon, especially from cognitive frameworks. This volume is the first collection of papers dealing with linguistic taboo from that perspective. The volume gathers 15 chapters, which provide novel insights into a broad range of taboo phenomena (euphemism, dysphemism, swearing, political correctness, coprolalia, etc.) from the fields of sexuality, diseases, death, war, ageing or religion. With a special focus on lexical semantics, the authors in the volume work within Cognitive Linguistics frameworks such as conceptual metaphor and metonymy, cultural conceptualization or cognitive sociolinguistics, but also at the interface of pragmatics, discourse analysis, applied linguistics, cognitive science or psychiatry. This volume provides theoretical reflections and case studies based on new methods and data from varied languages (English, Spanish, Polish, Dutch, Persian, Gikũyũ and Egyptian Arabic). As such, it moves towards a new generation of linguistic taboo studies.
