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| Author | : Donald E. Wussler |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 112 |
| Release | : 1989 |
| Genre | : Nuclear arms control |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Donald E Wussler (Jr) |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 122 |
| Release | : 1989 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
This thesis performs detailed analysis of the Intermediate Range Nuclear Forces (INF) negotiations and treaty and compares them with those of the two Strategic Arms Limitations Talks (SALT). The study's objectives were: describe SALT and INF negotiations and the contents of the treaties; analyze US and Soviet goals and strategies during the INF negotiations; determine which goals were or were not attained by both sides, and ascertain reasons for this; and delineate arms control progress and prospects since INF Treaty ratification. The study found that the two SALT treaties did impose ceilings in certain areas of strategic weapons but did not curtail the arms race. Treaty verification methods were criticized as being lax. The US achieved the major goal of ridding Europe of the Soviet SS-20 missile. It had to deploy missiles of its own to make the USSR realize the seriousness of its resolve. The US had total support from NATO in achieving this goal. However, with INF gone, the European conventional forces imbalance looms larger, and the West is fighting to obtain asymmetric conventional cuts. (jhd).
| Author | : David T. Jones |
| Publisher | : New Acdemia+ORM |
| Total Pages | : 435 |
| Release | : 2012-10-12 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 1955835306 |
An analysis of the negotiations, both international and domestic, behind this landmark treaty through the words of those directly involved. This book analyzes the elimination of intermediate-range nuclear force missiles through vivid, fresh impressions by those who conducted the INF negotiations. The Reagan-Gorbachev Arms Control Breakthrough brings this period to life through the writing of key participants in the seminal negotiations leading to the completion of the INF Treaty and the ensuing epic struggle to secure its ratification by the U.S. Senate. The book provides an astute balance between the assessments of senior negotiators; “nuts and bolts” observations on specific elements of the Treaty by in-the-trenches negotiators; the tangles that challenged the keenest of legal minds; and the political maneuvers required to bring it through the pits and deadfalls of the Senate. Additionally, The Reagan-Gorbachev Arms Control Breakthrough provides an often-forgotten perspective of the moment, offering the opportunity for retrospective judgment. Is there a test that time demands? Are there “lessons learned,” conceived at the time, that still pass that test?
| Author | : Michael D. Dallas |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 28 |
| Release | : 1989 |
| Genre | : Disarmament |
| ISBN | : |
The purpose of this paper is to examine the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Force (INF) Treaty in historical perspective. The thesis of the paper is that the treaty is an illusion. It is an illusion that promotes the idea that security can be achieved exclusively through arms control, at the expense of balanced and diverse forces across the entire spectrum of deterrence. Although the treaty has been fully ratified, and U.S and Soviet Officials have begun the process of destroying launchers, debate still rages in NATO capitals over the treat's impact on alliance security and cohesion. This paper begins with a discussion of the evolution of NATO's deterrent strategy. It continues with a chronology of events leading to the signing of the treaty by President Reagan and General Secretary Brobachev on December 8, 1987. The paper assesses the military and political impact of the treaty and ends with possible implications for NATO's future and recommendations for further arms control negotiations. The paper concludes that the treaty has not achieved what its supporters claim. In fact the treaty is an arms control agreement that: (1) is not remotely related to its original purpose; (2) has reinforced NATO military inferiority; and (3) may have laid the groundwork for the unraveling of th Atlantic Alliance.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 32 |
| Release | : 2012 |
| Genre | : Diplomatic negotiations in international disputes |
| ISBN | : |
"On December 8, 1987, President Ronald Reagan and Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev signed the most dramatic nuclear arms reduction treaty of the Cold War. The Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Elimination of their Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles--referred to as the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (or INF) Treaty--resulted in the elimination of all U.S. and Soviet ground-launched missiles with ranges between 500 and 5,500 kilometers. The treaty entered into force on June 1, 1988 and, by the end of its elimination period three years later, 2,692 U.S. and Soviet missiles had been destroyed. The INF Treaty gave a boost to nuclear arms control in general, although reducing strategic weapons took longer and proved more of a challenge. Two and-a-half years later, President George H.W. Bush joined with Gorbachev to sign the Strategic Arms Reductions Treaty (START I)--the first U.S.-Soviet agreement to reduce, rather than merely limit, the two superpowers' strategic nuclear weapons systems. Several factors combined in the 1980s to make the INF Treaty possible. Today, 25 years later, are there lessons that can be drawn from the INF experience that could be useful in further reducing nuclear weapons? In particular, many analysts--and many in the U.S. Senate, which must consent to ratification of any new arms control treaty--believe that the point has been reached where it will be difficult to cut strategic nuclear arms further without addressing the question of non-strategic nuclear weapons. This paper reviews the history of the INF negotiations and recaps the main provisions of the 1987 treaty. It then describes the factors that led to a successful negotiation, including why a treaty became possible in 1985-1987 that was not doable in 1981-1983, and discusses developments regarding the treaty since 1991. It concludes with a discussion of lessons from the INF negotiation that might be applied in future U.S.-Russian, or other nuclear arms reduction, efforts."--Page 1.
| Author | : Kerry M. Kartchner |
| Publisher | : Transaction Publishers |
| Total Pages | : 366 |
| Release | : |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 9781412829489 |
The United States and the Soviet Union have been negotiating nuclear arms control agreements for over twenty years, yet radical differences remain in the two sides' concept of, and approaches to, strategic stability and arms control. This book compares and contrasts those approaches, using START (Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty) as a case study. Throughout two decades of negotiation, U.S. policy has been directed toward dialogue that would encourage convergence of American and Soviet thought on nuclear deterrence. In Kartchner's view, that hope is belied not only by continuing asymmetries in the development and deployment of their strategic nuclear arsenals, but by differing U.S. and Soviet negotiating positions. The Reagan administration viewed START as a means of repudiating SALT II, restoring a measure of balance in the U.S.-Soviet strategic competition, and as a way of closing the so-called window of vulnerability. In contrast, Kartchner analyzes the Soviets' differing views of nuclear balance, emphasizing their satisfaction with SALT II and a strategic equilibrium shaped by a decade of bilateral arms control. Kartchner offers a detailed exposition of the major negotiating issues in START, contrasting concerns of U.S. and Soviet negotiators. Not surprisingly, each side's agenda was dominated by weapon systems that figure prominently in the other's development program. The author concludes by summarizing and comparing American and Soviet quests for stability and drawing up an assessment of U.S. efforts in both SALT and START to use arms control negotiations as a kind of classroom for instructing Soviet officials in American notions of "stabilizing" versus "destabilizing" weapon technology and America's own ethnocentric view of stability. START will profoundly affect the acquisition, operation, maintenance, and cost of U.S. strategic nuclear forces well into the next century. The history and analysis presented here will provide an essential source to policymakers and students of military-political relations for much-needed further study of this treaty's implications.
| Author | : Luke Griffith |
| Publisher | : Cornell University Press |
| Total Pages | : 313 |
| Release | : 2023-12-15 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 1501773070 |
In Unraveling the Gray Area Problem, Luke Griffith examines the US role in why the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty took almost a decade to negotiate and then failed in just thirty years. The INF Treaty enhanced Western security by prohibiting US and Russian ground-based missiles with maximum ranges of 500 to 5,500 kilometers. Significantly, it eliminated hundreds of Soviet SS-20 missiles, which could annihilate targets throughout Eurasia in minutes. Through close scrutiny of US theater nuclear policy from 1977 to 1987, Griffith describes the Carter administration's masterminding of the dual-track decision of December 1979, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) initiative that led to the INF Treaty. The Reagan administration, in turn, overcame bureaucratic infighting, Soviet intransigence, and political obstacles at home and abroad to achieve a satisfactory outcome in the INF negotiations. Disagreements between the US and Russia undermined the INF Treaty and led to its dissolution in 2019. Meanwhile, the US is developing a new generation of ground-based, INF-type missiles that will have an operational value on the battlefield. Griffith urges policymakers to consider the utility of INF-type missiles in new arms control negotiations. Understanding the scope and consistency of US arms control policy across the Carter and Reagan administrations offers important lessons for policymakers in the twenty-first century.
| Author | : Marc A. Genest |
| Publisher | : Stanford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 222 |
| Release | : 1995 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 9780804724395 |
Do the media have the power to alter the course of U.S. arms control negotiations? Despite abundant television and newspaper coverage of arms control talks during the last decade, the question of the impact of electronic and print press has drawn little scholarly attention. This innovative study, which combines detailed quantitative analysis of newspaper articles and television news stories with extensive interviews of leading journalist and government officials, demonstrates conclusively that the media, as an elite interest group, have the power to influence both the making of policy and the agenda for that policy.
| Author | : United States. Department of State. Bureau of Public Affairs |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 1988 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : George Pratt Shultz |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 16 |
| Release | : 1988 |
| Genre | : Intermediate-range ballistic missiles |
| ISBN | : |
