Environmental Policy and Public Health

Environmental Policy and Public Health
Author: Barry L. Johnson
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 1156
Release: 2017-10-24
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1498799477

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As with the first edition, this second edition describes how environmental health policies are developed, the statutes and other policies that have evolved to address public health concerns associated with specific environmental hazards, and the public health foundations of the policies. It lays out policies for what is considered the major environmental physical hazards to human health. Specifically, the authors describe hazards from air, water, food, hazardous substances, and wastes. To this list the authors have added the additional concerns from climate change, tobacco products, genetically-modified organisms, environment-related diseases, energy production, biodiversity and species endangerment, and the built environment. And as with the first edition, histories of policymaking for specific environmental hazards are portrayed. This edition differs from its antecedent in three significant themes. Global perspectives are added to chapters that describe specific environmental hazards, e.g., air pollution policies in China and India. Also there is the material on the consequences of environmental hazards on both human and ecosystem health. Additionally readers are provided with information about interventions that policymakers and individuals can consider in mitigating or preventing specific environmental hazards.

U.S. Health in International Perspective

U.S. Health in International Perspective
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 421
Release: 2013-04-12
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 0309264146

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The United States is among the wealthiest nations in the world, but it is far from the healthiest. Although life expectancy and survival rates in the United States have improved dramatically over the past century, Americans live shorter lives and experience more injuries and illnesses than people in other high-income countries. The U.S. health disadvantage cannot be attributed solely to the adverse health status of racial or ethnic minorities or poor people: even highly advantaged Americans are in worse health than their counterparts in other, "peer" countries. In light of the new and growing evidence about the U.S. health disadvantage, the National Institutes of Health asked the National Research Council (NRC) and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to convene a panel of experts to study the issue. The Panel on Understanding Cross-National Health Differences Among High-Income Countries examined whether the U.S. health disadvantage exists across the life span, considered potential explanations, and assessed the larger implications of the findings. U.S. Health in International Perspective presents detailed evidence on the issue, explores the possible explanations for the shorter and less healthy lives of Americans than those of people in comparable countries, and recommends actions by both government and nongovernment agencies and organizations to address the U.S. health disadvantage.

The Impact of Public Policy on Environmental Quality and Health

The Impact of Public Policy on Environmental Quality and Health
Author: Amer El-Ahraf
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Total Pages: 200
Release: 1999-06-30
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0313370648

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Until now, an approach to land use management planning that not only addresses economic issues, but also environmental concerns and health issues of land use has been lacking. These issues are vital for public policy makers, decision-makers throughout the private sector, as well as all businesses and industries that share space with the communities they serve and draw from. This volume covers the legal and regulatory aspects of land use management, the process of land use planning, and all of the related environmental, health, and societal impacts that land use planning entails. This book provides a clear, multidisciplinary approach to a very complex set of issues. An essential resource not only for public administrators, policymakers, and planners, but for people with corresponding responsibilities in business and industry, their attorneys and other advisors, and for their colleagues with similar concerns. Because of their inestimable importance, land use decisions require thorough study and evaluation before project implementation—but what makes this a challenge is the uncommon breadth of knowledge and familiarity with a wide range of disciplines that decision makers must process—and yet few have the necessary background and training. El-Ahraf, Qayoumi, and Dowd have thus had to attack their topic from a variety of viewpoints and disciplines, such as urban plannning, environmental science, energy use, public health, as well as from the viewpoints of people whose concerns are primarily socioeconomic and legal. They take these disparate and often conflicting viewpoints and integrate them, giving readers a systematic way to acquire a holistic appreciation of the topic. Although the book focuses primarily on land use in the United States, it borrows relevant examples from international data. It is therefore useful not only as a text for college courses in the area of public health and urban planning, but as a reference for professionals in many different fields with related concerns.

Controversial Issues In Environmental Policy

Controversial Issues In Environmental Policy
Author: Kent E. Portney
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Total Pages: 190
Release: 1992-09-03
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1452253250

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Most controversies in environmental policy are rooted in clashes of values involving science and technology versus humanism, economic efficiency versus humanism, the role of nature in society and the role of government in society. The author discusses how America makes environmental policy - at the Federal and State levels as well as their enforcement agencies designed to protect and regulate at the same time. Portney examines legislation, public opinion, implementation or non-implementation relative to the debates over water, air and soil management.

Environmental Health and the U.S. Federal System

Environmental Health and the U.S. Federal System
Author: Michael R Greenberg
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 296
Release: 2019-08-13
Genre: Health & Fitness
ISBN: 042955530X

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This book explains how the U.S. federal system manages environmental health issues, with a unique focus on risk management and human health outcomes. Building on a generic approach for understanding human health risk, this book shows how federalism has evolved in response to environmental health problems, political and ideological variations in Washington D.C, as well as in-state and local governments. It examines laws, rules and regulations, showing how they stretch or fail to adapt to environmental health challenges. Emphasis is placed on human health and safety risk and how decisions have been influenced by environmental health information. The authors review different forms of federalism, and analyse how it has had to adapt to ever evolving environmental health hazards, such as global climate change, nanomaterials, nuclear waste, fresh air and water, as well as examining the impact of robotics and artificial intelligence on worker environmental health. They demonstrate the process for assessing hazard information and the process for federalism risk management, and subsequently arguing that human health and safety should receive greater attention. This book will be essential reading for students and scholars working on environmental health and environmental policy, particularly from a public health, and risk management viewpoint, in addition to practitioners and policymakers involved in environmental management and public policy.

Public Policies for Environmental Protection

Public Policies for Environmental Protection
Author: Paul R. Portney
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 308
Release: 2016-03-17
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1317310144

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Originally published in 1990, this study tracks the issues, progress and problems in environmental issues in the United States from the 1980’s. Improvements in air and water quality as well as regulation of hazardous waste and toxic substances has led to new policies such as the Superfund Act and a general increase in awareness about environmental issues on a federal level. Placing an emphasis on economics, these papers analyse the effectiveness of environmental policy and progress made in relation to air pollution, water quality, hazardous wastes, toxic substances and enforcement of regulations. This title will be of interest to students of environmental studies.

Environmental Policy and Politics

Environmental Policy and Politics
Author: Michael E. Kraft
Publisher: Longman Publishing Group
Total Pages: 308
Release: 2001
Genre: Nature
ISBN: 9780321042569

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This up-to-date and readable text is a concise yet thorough examination of environmental, natural resource and energy policy and politics, primarily within the United States. Drawing from work within environmental science, policy analysis, and political science, it critically examines the key strengths and weaknesses of policy-making processes today, as well as the promise of new policy approaches. It offers extensive coverage of the nature of environmental problems and historical developments in environmental policy. The overriding theme of Environmental Policy and Politics, Second Edition, is that democratic approaches to policy-making and policy change are likely to be the most effective over time, based on strong public support. In that vein, the book stresses the opportunities available to citizens to shape environmental policies at all levels of government.

Environmental Policy and Public Health

Environmental Policy and Public Health
Author: Barry L. Johnson
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 384
Release: 2022-02-27
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1000518299

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Written by environmental health experts with long teaching and professional careers in policy and public health, the third edition of Environmental Policy and Public Health comprises two volumes addressing key physical hazards in the environment that impact public health. The first volume on Principal Health Hazards and Mitigation is complemented by the second volume, Emerging Health Hazards and Mitigation. The health of the environment is inextricably linked to that of people. Thoroughly updated, Volume 1 describes how the quality of air, water, and food is threatened by the presence of toxic substances and explains why climate change is a global health priority already impacting human health and the environment. The mitigations discussed in this volume are twofold: policies that are intended for control of specific hazards and suggested hazard interventions. The role of policy in addressing each of these key environmental health areas is extensively discussed in this volume as well. Each chapter explains step by step how new environmental health issues are translated into public health policies and concludes with practice questions to facilitate interactive learning for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in public health and environmental sciences. The step-by step approach, as well as the case studies and practice questions, allow for a diverse portfolio of in-person and hybrid pedagogical strategies and tools at the fingertips of faculty who not only teach policy courses, but whose course topics, such as climate and health, have policy relevance.

US Environmental Policy in Action

US Environmental Policy in Action
Author: S. Rinfret
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 259
Release: 2014-12-04
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1137482087

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US Environmental Policy: A Practical Approach to Understanding Implementation provides a comprehensive look at the creation, implementation, and evaluation of environmental policy, which is of particular importance in an era of congressional gridlock. With a focus grounded in the front-lines of environmental policy, readers are afforded examples of how environmental policy works through case studies and voices sections, thereby enriching the text's practical approach to understanding contemporary American environmental policy.

Toward Environmental Justice

Toward Environmental Justice
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 151
Release: 1999-02-25
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309174228

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Driven by community-based organizations and supported by a growing body of literature, the environmental justice movement contends that poor and minority populations are burdened with more than their share of toxic waste, pesticide runoff, and other hazardous byproducts of our modern economic life. Is environmental degradation worse in poor and minority communities? Do these communities suffer more adverse health effects as a result? The committee addresses these questions and explores how current fragmentation in health policy could be replaced with greater coordination among federal, state, and local parties. The book is highlighted with case studies from five locations where the committee traveled to hear citizen and researcher testimony. It offers detailed examinations in these areas: Identifying environmental hazards and assessing risk for populations of varying ethnic, social, and economic backgrounds, and the need for methodologies that uniquely suit the populations at risk. Identifying basic, clinical, and occupational research needs and meeting challenges to research on minorities. Expanding environmental education from an ecological focus to a public health focus for all levels of health professionals. Legal and ethical aspects of environmental health issues. The book makes recommendations to decision-makers in the areas of public health, research, and education of health professionals and outlines health policy considerations.