Financial performance is a subjective measure of how well a firm can use assets from its primary mode of business and generate revenues. This term is also used as a general measure of a firm's overall financial health over a given period of time, and can be used to compare similar firms across the same companies or to compare companies or sectors in aggregation. A firm's performance measurement has been the subject matter of discussion for decision makers as managers, planners, economists and academic staff since long many years. Financial analysts often assess firm's production and productivity performance, profitability performance, liquidity performance, leverage performance, asset utilisation performance and growth performance. The financial performance analysis identifies the financial strengths and weaknesses of the firm by properly establishing relationships between the items of the balance sheet and profit and loss account. In this context researcher has undertaken an analysis of financial performance of pharmaceutical companies to understand how management of finance plays a crucial role in the growth. In this paper an attempt has been made to analyse the profitability position of five leading pharmaceutical companies of India with the help of mean, standard deviation, co-efficient of variation, multiple regression, and analysis of variance. The increase in profitability will not only yield greater efficiency but also improve financial performance in future. The study is conducted by taking into account of the data for five years from 2011-2012 to 2015-2016. The Pharmaceutical companies selected for study are Lupin, Wochkardt, Glenmark, Abott and Torrent. The financial performance of these companies are evaluated and found that the profitability of the selected pharmaceutical companies in India during the study period is satisfactory.