The Effect of Fast Food Restaurants on Obesity and Weight Gain

The Effect of Fast Food Restaurants on Obesity and Weight Gain
Author: Janet Currie
Publisher:
Total Pages: 43
Release: 2015
Genre:
ISBN:

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We investigate the health consequences of changes in the supply of fast food using the exact geographical location of fast food restaurants. Specifically, we ask how the supply of fast food affects the obesity rates of 3 million school children and the weight gain of over 3 million pregnant women. We find that among 9th grade children, a fast food restaurant within a tenth of a mile of a school is associated with at least a 5.2 percent increase in obesity rates. There is no discernable effect at .25 miles and at .5 miles. Among pregnant women, models with mother fixed effects indicate that a fast food restaurant within a half mile of her residence results in a 1.6 percent increase in the probability of gaining over 20 kilos, with a larger effect at .1 miles. The effect is significantly larger for African-American and less educated women. For both school children and mothers, the presence of non-fast food restaurants is uncorrelated with weight outcomes. Moreover, proximity to future fast food restaurants is uncorrelated with current obesity and weight gain, conditional on current proximity to fast food. The implied effects of fast-food on caloric intake are at least one order of magnitude larger for students than for mothers, consistent with smaller travel cost for adults.

The Effect of Fast Food Restaurants on Obesity and Weight Gain

The Effect of Fast Food Restaurants on Obesity and Weight Gain
Author: Janet Currie
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2009
Genre:
ISBN:

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We investigate the health consequences of changes in the supply of fast food using the exact geographical location of fast food restaurants. Specifically, we ask how the supply of fast food affects the obesity rates of 3 million school children and the weight gain of over 3 million pregnant women. We find that among 9th grade children, a fast food restaurant within a tenth of a mile of a school is associated with at least a 5.2 percent increase in obesity rates. There is no discernable effect at .25 miles and at .5 miles. Among pregnant women, models with mother fixed effects indicate that a fast food restaurant within a half mile of her residence results in a 1.6 percent increase in the probability of gaining over 20 kilos, with a larger effect at .1 miles. The effect is significantly larger for African-American and less educated women. For both school children and mothers, the presence of non-fast food restaurants is uncorrelated with weight outcomes. Moreover, proximity to future fast food restaurants is uncorrelated with current obesity and weight gain, conditional on current proximity to fast food. The implied effects of fast-food on caloric intake are at least one order of magnitude larger for students than for mothers, consistent with smaller travel cost for adults.

The Effect of Fast Food Restaurants on Obesity

The Effect of Fast Food Restaurants on Obesity
Author: Janet M. Currie
Publisher:
Total Pages: 49
Release: 2009
Genre: Fast food restaurants
ISBN:

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We investigate the health consequences of changes in the supply of fast food using the exact geographical location of fast food restaurants. Specifically, we ask how the supply of fast food affects the obesity rates of 3 million school children and the weight gain of over 1 million pregnant women. We find that among 9th grade children, a fast food restaurant within a tenth of a mile of a school is associated with at least a 5.2 percent increase in obesity rates. There is no discernable effect at .25 miles and at .5 miles. Among pregnant women, models with mother fixed effects indicate that a fast food restaurant within a half mile of her residence results in a 2.5 percent increase in the probability of gaining over 20 kilos. The effect is larger, but less precisely estimated at .1 miles. In contrast, the presence of non-fast food restaurants is uncorrelated with obesity and weight gain. Moreover, proximity to future fast food restaurants is uncorrelated with current obesity and weight gain, conditional on current proximity to fast food. The implied effects of fast-food on caloric intake are at least one order of magnitude smaller for mothers, which suggests that they are less constrained by travel costs than school children. Our results imply that policies restricting access to fast food near schools could have significant effects on obesity among school children, but similar policies restricting the availability of fast food in residential areas are unlikely to have large effects on adults.

Business Location Decisions and Employment Dynamics in California

Business Location Decisions and Employment Dynamics in California
Author: Jed David Kolko
Publisher: Public Policy Instit. of CA
Total Pages: 165
Release: 2007
Genre: Business relocation
ISBN: 1582131120

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"Much recent debate about the state's economy has focused on the narrow issue of whether California businesses are moving to other state--taking jobs with them. In this report, PPIC researchers Jed Kolko and David Neumark examine the broader patterns of employment dynamics--the ways in which jobs and businesses move into, around, and out of the state--to provide a more accurate and comprehensive understanding of the California economy."--PPIC Web site

Fast Food Genocide

Fast Food Genocide
Author: Joel Fuhrman, M.D.
Publisher: HarperCollins
Total Pages: 214
Release: 2017-10-17
Genre: Health & Fitness
ISBN: 0062571230

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From the #1 New York Times bestselling author of Eat to Live and The End of Diabetes, an unflinching, provocative exploration of how our food is killing us and the ways in which we are unwitting participants in an unprecedented and exploding health crisis. Fast food is far more than just the burgers, fries, and burritos served at chain restaurants; it is also the toxic, human-engineered products found in every grocery store across America. These include: cold breakfast cereals; commercial and preserved (deli) meats and cheeses; sandwich breads and buns; chips, pretzels, and crackers; fried foods; energy bars; and soft drinks. Fast foods have become the primary source of calories in the United States and consequently the most far-reaching and destructive influence on our population. The indisputable truth is that our highly processed diet is the source of a national health crisis that is exploding into a genocide with unseen tragic implications. Heart attacks, strokes, cancer, obesity, ADHD, autism, allergies, and autoimmune diseases all have the same root cause – our addiction to toxic ingredients. New York Times bestselling author, board-certified physician, nutritional researcher, and leading voice in the health field Joel Fuhrman, M.D., explains why the problem of poor nutrition is deeper, more serious, and more pervasive than anyone imagined. Fast Food Genocide draws on twenty-five years of clinical experience and research to confront our fundamental beliefs about the impact of what we eat. This book identifies issues at the heart of our country’s most urgent problems. Fast food kills, but it also perpetuates bigotry and derails the American dream of equal opportunity and happiness for all. It leaves behind a wake of destruction creating millions of medically dependent and sickly people burdened with poor-quality lives. The solution hiding in plain sight — a nutrientdense healthful diet — can save lives and enable humans to reach their intellectual potential and achieve successful and fulfilling lives. Dr. Fuhrman offers a life-changing, scientifically sound approach that can alter American history and perhaps save your life in the process.

Fast Food

Fast Food
Author: Stephanie Watson
Publisher: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc
Total Pages: 49
Release: 2008-01-15
Genre: Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN: 140421416X

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Explores the dangerous physical and mental effects on a person when indulging too often in fast foods.

Food Marketing to Children and Youth

Food Marketing to Children and Youth
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 537
Release: 2006-05-11
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309097134

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Creating an environment in which children in the United States grow up healthy should be a high priority for the nation. Yet the prevailing pattern of food and beverage marketing to children in America represents, at best, a missed opportunity, and at worst, a direct threat to the health prospects of the next generation. Children's dietary and related health patterns are shaped by the interplay of many factorsâ€"their biologic affinities, their culture and values, their economic status, their physical and social environments, and their commercial media environmentsâ€"all of which, apart from their genetic predispositions, have undergone significant transformations during the past three decades. Among these environments, none have more rapidly assumed central socializing roles among children and youth than the media. With the growth in the variety and the penetration of the media have come a parallel growth with their use for marketing, including the marketing of food and beverage products. What impact has food and beverage marketing had on the dietary patterns and health status of American children? The answer to this question has the potential to shape a generation and is the focus of Food Marketing to Children and Youth. This book will be of interest to parents, federal and state government agencies, educators and schools, health care professionals, industry companies, industry trade groups, media, and those involved in community and consumer advocacy.

Fast food. Does it contribute to childhood obesity?

Fast food. Does it contribute to childhood obesity?
Author: Christine Nyandat
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Total Pages: 7
Release: 2019-10-29
Genre: Health & Fitness
ISBN: 3346045595

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Academic Paper from the year 2019 in the subject Health - Children and adolescents, University of Phoenix, language: English, abstract: This paper analyses whether fast food contributes to childhood obesity. Obesity is a multi-factorial disorder comprising genetic, dietary, conduct, and ecological components. The expanded eating of energy-dense poor nutrient diets with high saturated fats and sugar levels joined with diminished physical activity, have prompted high corpulence rates among kids. Current statistics depict that 15% of U.S kids and averagely 33% of adults are obsessed. The results in this new study support evidence that fast-foods adds to a high intake of calories and obesity risk in kids.

Preventing Childhood Obesity

Preventing Childhood Obesity
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 435
Release: 2005-01-31
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309133408

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Children's health has made tremendous strides over the past century. In general, life expectancy has increased by more than thirty years since 1900 and much of this improvement is due to the reduction of infant and early childhood mortality. Given this trajectory toward a healthier childhood, we begin the 21st-century with a shocking developmentâ€"an epidemic of obesity in children and youth. The increased number of obese children throughout the U.S. during the past 25 years has led policymakers to rank it as one of the most critical public health threats of the 21st-century. Preventing Childhood Obesity provides a broad-based examination of the nature, extent, and consequences of obesity in U.S. children and youth, including the social, environmental, medical, and dietary factors responsible for its increased prevalence. The book also offers a prevention-oriented action plan that identifies the most promising array of short-term and longer-term interventions, as well as recommendations for the roles and responsibilities of numerous stakeholders in various sectors of society to reduce its future occurrence. Preventing Childhood Obesity explores the underlying causes of this serious health problem and the actions needed to initiate, support, and sustain the societal and lifestyle changes that can reverse the trend among our children and youth.

The University of California San Diego Nutrition Book

The University of California San Diego Nutrition Book
Author: Paul Saltman
Publisher: Little, Brown
Total Pages: 384
Release: 1993-06-08
Genre: Health & Fitness
ISBN: 9780316769815

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This is a book for everyone who has realized that there are no quick and easy ways to lasting health. It's especially for those who are fed up with faddish diets that might take off weight temporarily but demand unreasonable sacrifices and more often than not leave the dieter depressed and far from thin. It doesn't have to be that way, according to the authors of this liberating and food-friendly guide that demystifies the science of nutrition. Not until you understand what's in food and how your body uses those nutrients can you make the best personal decisions about your diet. In this book you'll learn that the latest research proves that there are no "bad" foods and no single "right" way to eat. The good news is that you can eat your favorite foods without sacrificing sound nutrition. In clear and very readable chapters you'll learn everything you need to know about food content and the recommended daily allowances, including the facts about vitamins, microminerals, body fat, weight control, heart disease, and hypertension. All this information is tailored to your specific life stage, health concerns, and level of physical activity. "The University of California San Diego Nutrition Book" doesn't offer any "miracle" cures or secrets, but it does offer the unadulterated facts about the relationship between food and our bodies -- and that in itself is no small miracle.