Terrorism Financing and State Responses

Terrorism Financing and State Responses
Author: Jeanne K. Giraldo
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Total Pages: 388
Release: 2007
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 9780804755665

Download Terrorism Financing and State Responses Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

This book takes a broadly comparative approach to analyzing how the financing of global jihadi terrorist groups has evolved in response to government policies since September 11, 2001.

Terrorism, Inc.

Terrorism, Inc.
Author: Colin P. Clarke
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Total Pages: 305
Release: 2015-06-01
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1440831041

Download Terrorism, Inc. Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

This in-depth, historical analysis of terrorism investigates the major funding streams of terrorists, insurgents, guerrillas, warlords, militias, and criminal organizations throughout the world as well as the efforts of the international community to thwart their efforts. Terrorist financing is an ongoing game of creating, concealing, and surreptitiously utilizing funds. This intriguing book considers every facet of guerrilla funding—from how activities are financed, to what insurgents do with the revenue they generate, to the range of countermeasures in place for deterring their moneymaking activities. Case studies prompt an analysis of past government responses and inform recommendations for countering irregular warfare worldwide. Author Colin P. Clarke presents the business side of terrorism, taking a look at the cash-producing ventures he labels "gray activities" such as diaspora support, charities, fraudulent businesses, front companies, and money laundering as well as "dark activities" including kidnapping for ransom, robbery, smuggling, trafficking, and extortion. He considers the transnational efforts to stop terrorist activities—from wiretaps and electronic surveillance to financial sanctions and the freezing of funds and accounts—and points to the emergence of interagency task forces for detaining and destroying the operations of major criminal organizations across the globe.

Response of the United States Government Agencies and Financial Sector to Terrorist Financing and Money Laundering

Response of the United States Government Agencies and Financial Sector to Terrorist Financing and Money Laundering
Author: Eveline Irene Lingenfelter
Publisher:
Total Pages: 52
Release: 2012
Genre: Bank fraud
ISBN:

Download Response of the United States Government Agencies and Financial Sector to Terrorist Financing and Money Laundering Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Throughout the past decade, the concern of terrorism has been brought to the forefront of governments across the globe. In order to achieve the planned objectives, regardless of whether the threat is a sole, domestic "lone wolf" or a sophisticated, transnational organization such as al Qaeda, the individual or group will require funding and/or financial assistance. According to the 9/11 Commission, al Qaeda issued hundreds of thousands of dollars for the hijackers, prior to the attacks of 2001, for travel between the Middle East, Europe, and the targeted United States. The entire operation totaled approximately $400,000 to $500,000, with a majority funneling throughout US bank accounts by the hijackers (9/11 Commission, 2004). September 11th 2001 undoubtedly has changed the United States, including the financial and governmental sectors. The purpose of this study was to analyze the funding strategies of Islamic terrorist organizations and the impact on the United States government and financial sectors. Multiple financing strategies have been reviewed throughout this study, followed by analysis of the strategies and countermeasures taken by the United States government and financial industry. Recommendations have also been made to potentially assist or improve the current countermeasures in place.

Financing Terrorism

Financing Terrorism
Author: Michael Freeman
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 378
Release: 2016-04-15
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1317135067

Download Financing Terrorism Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Without money, terrorists cannot function as organizations and cannot conduct attacks. Yet the questions remain, how vulnerable are terrorists to financial disruptions? Can governments put pressure on their finances in meaningful ways or are they too resilient and adaptive to be affected by state actions? These and other questions about terrorism financing are vigorously debated by scholars and policymakers, particularly since the attacks of September 11th 2001 . While there is a growing literature on policy issues, strategies, and countermeasures, states must first understand their enemies before developing strategies to defeat them. So, instead of focusing on the state response, this book asks a more foundational question: How do different terrorist groups actually raise money? What are their budgets? What do their portfolios look like? How have they changed over time? What are the advantages and disadvantages of different sources of financing? The book includes case studies of 11 different terrorist groups or sets of groups within a country. It is clear that each group has a different portfolio tailored to their needs and their environment and this makes countering terrorist financing more challenging for the state. This topical book will be required reading for all students and scholars interested in terrorism financing as well as those working in government agencies tasked with combating terrorist groups and their financial resources.

Unfunding Terror

Unfunding Terror
Author: Jimmy Gurulé
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Total Pages: 433
Release: 2010-01-01
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1848446063

Download Unfunding Terror Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Jimmy Gurulé knows how to bankrupt terrorists like few others do. As Undersecretary of the Treasury for Enforcement, he spearheaded the fight against al-Qaeda s global bank accounts, helping to earn the highest grade awarded on the 9/11 Commissioners report card. As an author, he performs once again. Unfunding Terror provides policymakers and laymen alike a clear roadmap on how to keep terrorists out of the global financial system. Timothy J. Roemer, Center for National Policy, former US Congressman and member of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States (9/11 Commission) Jimmy Gurulé has given us a superbly comprehensive and well-written assessment of why, regarding terrorism, Deep Throat s principle is bang on: follow the money. R. James Woolsey, venture partner, VantagePoint, and former Director of Central Intelligence, US A detailed study by a true scholar-practitioner, Unfunding Terror explains the legal response to terror finance in language accessible to both the expert and layman. Required reading. Matthew Levitt, Director, Stein Program on Counterterrorism and Intelligence, The Washington Institute for Near East Policy and former Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Intelligence and Analysis, US Professor Gurulé is comprehensive: he describes the problem (terrorist funding by those in the free world), analyzes the legal responses (make it a crime, freeze terrorist assets, impose regulations on financial institutions), critiques the administration s and international community s efforts to unfund terrorists (political rhetoric, not in fact backed up with effective strategies or implementation), and outlines concrete legal and administrative remedies. Would that they to whom the recommendations are addressed act on them quickly. Too much is at stake to let terrorists, who condemn the West as corrupt, get their funding to attack the US and its allies from the West itself. That would be a form of social suicide. G. Robert Blakey, Notre Dame Law School, US The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks that claimed the lives of 2,973 innocent civilians required as much as $500,000 to stage. At the time, al Qaeda was operating on an annual budget of between $30 and $50 million. However, despite the obvious fact that terrorists need money to terrorize, preventing the financing of terrorism was not a priority for the United States or the international community prior to 9/11. Jimmy Gurulé, former Under Secretary for Enforcement in the US Department of the Treasury, provides the first book-length, comprehensive analysis of the legal regime that evolved following the terrorist attacks. The book begins with a discussion of how shutting down the pipelines of funding is as important as dismantling the terrorist cells themselves. Next, the book covers the various means and methods used by terrorist groups to raise money, and examines how money is transferred globally to finance their lethal activities. The principal components of the legal strategy to disrupt the financing of terrorism are then discussed and evaluated. Unfortunately, the author concludes that the legal regime has met with mixed results, and finds that the sense of urgency to deprive terrorists of funding that existed following 9/11 has since dissipated. As a result, international efforts to freeze terrorist assets have dramatically declined. Moreover, the US Department of Justice has suffered several embarrassing and disappointing legal defeats in prosecuting major terrorist financiers. The author provides numerous recommendations to Congress, the Executive Branch, and the UN Security Council for strengthening the legal regime to deny terrorists the money needed to wage global jihad, acquire weapons of mass destruction, and launch another terrorist attack on the scale of 9/11. Unfunding Terror fills an important gap in the literature and will be essential reading for counter-terrorism experts, law enforcement and national se

The Financial War on Terrorism A Guide by the Financial Action Task Force

The Financial War on Terrorism A Guide by the Financial Action Task Force
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Total Pages: 132
Release: 2004-03-23
Genre:
ISBN: 9264106111

Download The Financial War on Terrorism A Guide by the Financial Action Task Force Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

The aim of this book is to make a significant contribution to guide countries in the financial war on terrorism. It is published by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development on behalf of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), the ...

Terrorist Use of Cryptocurrencies

Terrorist Use of Cryptocurrencies
Author: Cynthia Dion-Schwarz
Publisher:
Total Pages: 99
Release: 2019-05-31
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1977402348

Download Terrorist Use of Cryptocurrencies Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Terrorist organizations might increase use of digital cryptocurrencies to support their activities. RAND researchers consider the needs of such groups and the advantages and disadvantages of the cryptocurrency technologies available to them.

Terrorism Financing

Terrorism Financing
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Governmental Affairs
Publisher:
Total Pages: 200
Release: 2004
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

Download Terrorism Financing Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

The Financial War on Terrorism

The Financial War on Terrorism
Author: Nicholas Ryder
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 222
Release: 2015-06-05
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1134446977

Download The Financial War on Terrorism Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

On September 11, 2001, 19 terrorists committed the largest and deadliest terrorist attack in the United States of America. The response from the inter-national community, and in particular the US, was swift. President George Bush declared what has commonly been referred to as either the ‘War on Terror’ or the ‘Global War on Terror’ on September 20, 2001. Four days later, he instigated the ‘Financial War on Terrorism’. This book defines and identifies the so-called ‘Financial War on Terrorism’. It provides a critical review of the impact of counter-terrorist financing strategies enacted by both individual jurisdictions and international organisations. Taking a comparative approach, the book highlights the levels of compliance in each selected jurisdiction and organisation with the requirements of the ‘Financial War on Terrorism’. The book analyses measures introduced by the United Nations, including the UN sanctions against terrorists and the operation of its anti-terrorist sanctions committees, and the Recommendations of the Financial Action Task Force. It also reviews the counter-terrorist financing measures of the European Union and the Council of Europe, paying particular attention to the Framework Decisions on Combating Terrorism, the Council Common Positions on Combating Terrorism and the EU Anti-Terrorism Sanctions Regime. The book goes on to review the measures put in place in the US following September 11, 2001. Offering a much-needed legal analysis of the measures enacted under the ‘Financial War on Terrorism’, this book is a valuable resource for those researching in law, terrorism studies, criminal justice, and finance.

Finance and Security

Finance and Security
Author: Martin S. Navias
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 324
Release: 2019-11-01
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1787383571

Download Finance and Security Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

The global financial sector is increasingly vulnerable to penetration by criminal money-launderers, financiers of terrorism, and proliferators of weapons of mass destruction. At the same time, it offers instruments that can be usefully employed to pursue foreign and security policy objectives. It is thus hardly surprising that finance has emerged as an arena of intense competition, if not conflict, between those seeking to exploit or attack this vital element of state power and those tasked with defending its integrity or harnessing it for legal purposes. Navias assesses the key threats to financial systems and shows how the public and private sectors are co-operating to contain them. He analyses the main characteristics of criminal money-laundering and terrorist financing, and reviews major multilateral and national regimes locked in the perpetual battle to shore up the financial sector against these constantly evolving security challenges. He also considers the uses of finance in support of key sanctions, counter-proliferation, and arms embargo policies. Uniquely, Finance and Security views these financial threats and weapons through a security and war studies prism. It will be equally invaluable to scholars of security and international relations and to professionals working in the legal, banking and compliance professions.