Summary Report on the Performance of Epoxy-coated Reinforcing Steel in Virginia

Summary Report on the Performance of Epoxy-coated Reinforcing Steel in Virginia
Author: Richard E. Weyers
Publisher:
Total Pages: 32
Release: 2006
Genre: Concrete bridges
ISBN:

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From 1992 to 2006, the Virginia Transportation Research Council and its contract researchers conducted a long-term systematic series of investigations to evaluate the corrosion protection effectiveness of epoxy-coated reinforcement (ECR) and to identify and recommend the best and most cost-effective corrosion protection system for Virginia bridge decks. This report summarizes this research and subsequent efforts to implement alternative reinforcement. The work was conducted, and is reported, in this general order: review of historical performance of ECR, ECR performance in solutions and concrete, and preliminary field investigations; investigation of field performance of bridge decks built with ECR; assessment of alternative corrosion protection methods; development of probabilistic service life models for bridge decks and laboratory assessment of ECR cores extracted from bridge decks to determine service life extension; efforts to implement alternative reinforcement. The series of studies demonstrated that the epoxy coating on ECR naturally degrades in the highly alkaline moist environment within concrete. The subsequent loss of bond, coupled with the inevitable flaws in the coating induced by construction, leads to an estimated service life benefit of ECR of as little as 3 to 5 years. Further, non-critical decks, beams, and substructure elements not exposed to marine environments, particularly on secondary and rural routes, can be cost-effectively constructed and maintained using low-permeability concrete and black reinforcing bar. However, because the Federal Highway Administration requires the use of corrosion-resistant reinforcement, and because ECR cannot provide adequate corrosion protection for structures designed for a 100-year+ service life as currently recommended by FHWA, the report recommends that the Virginia Department of Transportation amend its specifications regarding the use of ECR to require the use of corrosion-resistant metallic reinforcing bars such as MMFX2, stainless steel clad, and solid stainless steel.

Corrosion of Steel in Concrete Structures

Corrosion of Steel in Concrete Structures
Author: Amir Poursaee
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
Total Pages: 400
Release: 2023-02-20
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0323851320

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Essential reading for researchers, practitioners, and engineers, this book covers not only all the important aspects in the field of corrosion of steel reinforced concrete but also discusses new topics and future trends. Theoretical concepts of corrosion of steel in concrete structures, the variety of reinforcing materials and concrete, including stainless steel and galvanized steel, measurements and evaluations, such as electrochemical techniques and acoustic emission, protection and maintenance methods, and modelling, latest developments, and future trends in the field are discussed. Comprehensive coverage of the corrosion of steel bars in concrete, investigating the range of reinforcing materials, and types of concrete Introduces the latest measuring methods, data collection, and advanced modeling techniques Second edition covers a range of new, emerging topics such as the concept of chloride threshold value, concrete permeability and chloride diffusion, the role of steel microstructure, and innovations in corrosion detection devices

CRSI Performance Research

CRSI Performance Research
Author: Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute
Publisher:
Total Pages: 22
Release: 1992
Genre: Epoxy coatings
ISBN:

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Structural Concrete, Volume 3

Structural Concrete, Volume 3
Author: fib Fédération internationale du béton
Publisher: fib Fédération internationale du béton
Total Pages: 391
Release: 2010
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 2883940932

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The second edition of the Structural Concrete Textbook is an extensive revision that reflects advances in knowledge and technology over the past decade. It was prepared in the intermediate period from the CEP-FIP Model Code 1990 (MC90) tofib Model Code 2010 (MC2010), and as such incorporates a significant amount of information that has been already finalized for MC2010, while keeping some material from MC90 that was not yet modified considerably. The objective of the Textbook is to give detailed information on a wide range of concrete engineering from selection of appropriate structural system and also materials, through design and execution and finally behaviour in use. The revised fib Structural Concrete Textbook covers the following main topics: phases of design process, conceptual design, short and long term properties of conventional concrete (including creep, shrinkage, fatigue and temperature influences), special types of concretes (such as self compacting concrete, architectural concrete, fibre reinforced concrete, high and ultra high performance concrete), properties of reinforcing and prestressing materials, bond, tension stiffening, moment-curvature, confining effect, dowel action, aggregate interlock; structural analysis (with or without time dependent effects), definition of limit states, control of cracking and deformations, design for moment, shear or torsion, buckling, fatigue, anchorages, splices, detailing; design for durability (including service life design aspects, deterioration mechanisms, modelling of deterioration mechanisms, environmental influences, influences of design and execution on durability); fire design (including changes in material and structural properties, spalling, degree of deterioration), member design (linear members and slabs with reinforcement layout, deep beams); management, assessment, maintenance, repair (including, conservation strategies, risk management, types of interventions) as well as aspects of execution (quality assurance), formwork and curing. The updated Textbook provides the basics of material and structural behaviour and the fundamental knowledge needed for the design, assessment or retrofitting of concrete structures. It will be essential reading material for graduate students in the field of structural concrete, and also assist designers and consultants in understanding the background to the rules they apply in their practice. Furthermore, it should prove particularly valuable to users of the new editions of Eurocode 2 for concrete buildings, bridges and container structures, which are based only partly on MC90 and partly on more recent knowledge which was not included in the 1999 edition of the Textbook.

Public Roads

Public Roads
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 68
Release: 1996
Genre: Highway research
ISBN:

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Epoxy-coated Reinforcement

Epoxy-coated Reinforcement
Author: Jerzy Zemajtis
Publisher:
Total Pages: 104
Release: 1996
Genre: Epoxy coatings
ISBN:

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This report is a historical performance review of epoxy-coated reinforcement. The information in this report is presented in chronological order starting from the early 1970's, when the first bridge with epoxy-coated reinforcement was built, and ending with the presentation at the 1993 TRB sessions, where findings from the latest research investigations were revealed. The report includes background information on fundamental applications of epoxy-coated reinforcing steel. Major laboratory studies, which addressed corrosion resistance and bond strength issues, are presented. Field investigations of meaningful structures with successful application of epoxy -coated reinforcing steel as well as structures with total failure of epoxy-coated reinforcement are also presented. The report also includes transcripted presentations, from the 1993 TRB sessions, which addressed quality control, adhesion characteristics, and other factors associated with long-term performance of epoxy-coated reinforcing steel. Conclusions from the laboratory and field investigations, as well as from the presentations of 1993 TRB sessions are presented.

Durability and Sustainability of Concrete

Durability and Sustainability of Concrete
Author: Nausherwan Hasan
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 241
Release: 2020-09-09
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3030515737

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This book provides practicing engineers with a step by step approach for making durable concrete with optimum use of the local materials available within the various regions of the United States. It further includes actual concrete mixture proportions for high performance concrete for strength and durability under various aggressive environments based on the author’s experience in the field, and support this with illustrative case studies. Examples for concrete mixture proportions, based on the current industry practice and standards, are highlighted to assist engineers in meeting the intended performance requirements (for specific environment conditions) for durable concrete. Covering an important topic for the construction and building materials industries, this book delivers the most up-to-date industry practices and advances in concrete construction from the perspective of a practicing engineer with over 40 year experience. Maximizes practicing engineers’ understanding of best design and construction practices in fabricating, delivery, and installation of concrete, consistent with current knowledge on concrete durability Discusses quality control and testing requirements during design and construction, including mixing, production, and placement of concrete and tolerances for slump and air content Emphasizes real-world examples of optimal concrete mixtures, suitable for selected service conditions and applications, based on prior successful records of projects within the US Addresses the role of innovative admixtures in concrete placement in cold weather conditions below 32F and meeting the strength and durability requirements Serves as a valuable resource for students in graduate programs

Smart Cities—Opportunities and Challenges

Smart Cities—Opportunities and Challenges
Author: Sirajuddin Ahmed
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 888
Release: 2020-04-20
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9811525455

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This book comprises select proceedings of the International Conference on Smart Cities: Opportunities and Challenges (ICSC 2019). The book contains chapters based on urban planning and design, policies and financial management, environment, energy, transportation, smart materials, sustainable development, information technologies, data management and urban sociology reflecting the major themes of the conference. The contents focus on current research towards improved governance and efficient management of infrastructure such as water, energy, transportation and housing for sustainable development, economic growth, and improved quality of life, especially for developing nations. This book will be useful for academicians, researchers, and policy makers interested in designing, developing, planning, managing, and maintaining smart cities.