Submarine Power Cables

Submarine Power Cables
Author: Thomas Worzyk
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 306
Release: 2009-08-11
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3642012701
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The demand for high-performance submarine power cables is increasing as more and more offshore wind parks are installed, and the national electric grids are interconnected. Submarine power cables are installed for the highest voltages and power to transport electric energy under the sea between islands, countries and even continents. The installation and operation of submarine power cables is much different from land cables. Still, in most textbooks on electrical power systems, information on submarine cables is scarce. This book is closing the gap. Different species of submarine power cables and their application are explained. Students and electric engineers learn on the electric and mechanic properties of submarine cables. Project developers and utility managers will gain useful information on the necessary marine activities such as pre-laying survey, cable lay vessels, guard boats etc., for the submarine cable installation and repair. Investors and decision makers will find an overview on environmental aspects of submarine power cables. A comprehensive reference list is given for those who want further reading.

Submarine Power Cables

Submarine Power Cables
Author: Thomas Worzyk
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2012-03-14
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9783642269165
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The demand for high-performance submarine power cables is increasing as more and more offshore wind parks are installed, and the national electric grids are interconnected. Submarine power cables are installed for the highest voltages and power to transport electric energy under the sea between islands, countries and even continents. The installation and operation of submarine power cables is much different from land cables. Still, in most textbooks on electrical power systems, information on submarine cables is scarce. This book is closing the gap. Different species of submarine power cables and their application are explained. Students and electric engineers learn on the electric and mechanic properties of submarine cables. Project developers and utility managers will gain useful information on the necessary marine activities such as pre-laying survey, cable lay vessels, guard boats etc., for the submarine cable installation and repair. Investors and decision makers will find an overview on environmental aspects of submarine power cables. A comprehensive reference list is given for those who want further reading.

Submarine Cables

Submarine Cables
Author: Douglas R. Burnett
Publisher: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
Total Pages: 487
Release: 2013-10-24
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9004260331
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Submarine fiber optic cables are critical communications infrastructure for States around the world. They are laid on the seabed, are often no bigger than a garden hose, and transmit immense amounts of data across oceans. These cables are the backbone of the internet and phone services and underpin core State interests, such as the finance sector, shipping, commerce and banking industries. Without the capacity to transmit and receive data via submarine cables, the economic security of States would be severely compromised. Despite the fact that 95 per cent of all data and telecommunications between States are transmitted via submarine cables, there is little understanding of how these cables operate. As a result some States have developed policies and laws that undermine the integrity of international telecommunications systems. Submarine Cables: The Handbook of Law and Policy provides a one-stop-shop of essential information relating to the international governance of submarine cables. The Handbook is a unique collaboration between international lawyers and experts from the submarine cable industry. It provides a practical insight into the law and policy issues that affect the protection of submarine cables, as well as the laying, maintenance and operation of such cables. In addition, the law and policy issues in relation to other special purpose cables, such as power cables, marine scientific research cables, military cables, and offshore energy cables, are also addressed.

Submarine Cables and the Oceans

Submarine Cables and the Oceans
Author: L. Carter
Publisher: UNEP/Earthprint
Total Pages: 68
Release: 2009
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 9780956338723
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There are many things and services in our everyday life that we take for granted, and telecommunications is one of them. We surf the internet, send emails to friends and colleagues abroad, talk to family members in foreign countries over the phone, book airline seats and make banking transactions without actually realizing and appreciating the sophisticated technology that enables us to do so. This report covers the history and nature of cables, their special status in international law, their interaction with the environment and other ocean users and, finally, the challenges of the future. It is an evidence-based synopsis that aims to improve the quality and availability of information to enhance understanding and cooperation between all stakeholders. UNEP-WCMC in collaboration with the International Cable Protection Committee and UNEP has prepared this new report to provide an objective, factual description of the sub-marine cable industry and the interaction of submarine telecommunications (which route 95% of all international communications traffic) with the marine environment. This important report seeks to focus and guide deliberations and decision making on the wise conservation and protection of the oceans in concert with their sustainable management and use.

The Global Cable Industry

The Global Cable Industry
Author: Günter Beyer
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 418
Release: 2021-04-13
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3527822275
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A comprehensive guide to cable materials, markets, and products The Global Cable Industry presents a comprehensive overview of the most recent developments in automotive cables, nuclear power station cables, undersea cables, coaxial cables, optical wires, medium- and high-voltage cables. With contributions from noted researchers and developers in the field, the book includes information on material developments for polymers, crosslinked elastomers and flame retardant non-halogen cable compounds. The contributors provide information on technologies to crosslink polymers, an overview of foam polymers, and field experiences of the new cable fire test within the Construction Product Regulation framework. In addition, this comprehensive resource contains the most relevant economic questions related to the cable industry that highlights materials, market segments, and countries. This important book: Includes contributions from researchers and developers of key companies in the cable industry Presents information on the most recent developments in the field Covers the most industry-relevant cable types such as automotive, nuclear power cables, undersea, coaxial, optical, medium- and high-voltage cables Written for power engineers, materials scientists, chemists and engineering scientists in industry, The Global Cable Industry is an up-to-date guide to the multi-billion-dollar cable enterprise.

Submarine Power Cable Transmission Line Parameters and Performance

Submarine Power Cable Transmission Line Parameters and Performance
Author: Aaron MacNeill
Publisher:
Total Pages: 190
Release: 2012
Genre:
ISBN:
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ABSTRACT: Submarine power production installations use the power of the ocean to generate renewable energy for the population to use. To bring this electricity back to land, use of electrical cables is required. The choice of cable will affect both the quality of received power and the security of the transmission line. To find the inductance and capacitance of these submarine transmission lines, a study of the electric and magnetic fields that are produced due to the power flow on these cables must be performed. The armor that is used to protect the cable from underwater hazards is significant in determining the cable losses and finding the equivalent inductance and capacitance. Finding the inductance and capacitance of the submarine cable will allow for the determination of the two port parameters of the cable. These parameters will allow for the analysis of the transient and steady state performance of the cable.

HVDC Submarine Power Cables in the World

HVDC Submarine Power Cables in the World
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 78
Release: 2015
Genre:
ISBN: 9789279527869
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This science-for-policy report is the first deliverable of the OTG project. It provides an extensive study on the availability of the technologies required for the realisation of a High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) interconnection between the European and North American Alternating Current (AC) transmission grids. An introduction on HVDC transmission systems is given. This implies a discussion on the monopolar, bipolar and back-to-back configurations. Also the connection with AC grids, i.e. the converter station, is treated. Further, attention is paid to the spatial context of laying a HVDC submarine power cable. Information is provided regarding geological and path surveys, subsea bed topography, geological structure and lithology. Geodynamic processes, sea currents, waves as well as temperature and salinity are also discussed. Technologies and materials used to produce HVDC submarine cables are presented. Different cable types are shown.^Special attention is given to the installation of HVDC submarine cables. Techniques for laying a cable are discussed. Also issues such as protection measures and maintenance aspects are dealt with. The operation of HVDC submarine cable is treated as well. Reliability and accident risk issues are discussed in a dedicated paragraph as well as environmental aspects. A complete, comprehensive chapter is spent on existing and planned HVDC submarine interconnectors. Emphasis is given the longest and deepest examples. An extensive list of these cables with relevant data is given in Annex 1. The report ends with a set of conclusions, primarily pointing at the following steps of the OTG project.^Shortly, they are as follows: - the HVDC submarine power cable technology is now mature; - the experience in laying the cable on the seafloor is inherited and adapted from the much older technology of telecommunication submarine cables; 8 - Europe is the leading region in both the length and number of cables having the longest one, the deepest one and one of the most powerful cables; the majority of manufacturers and sea-laying cable operators originate here; - mass-impregnated cables are the most used but a new generation of extruded cables are gaining field; - first submarine power cables used a monopolar configuration but the newly built ones are predominantly bipolar.

Undersea Fiber Communication Systems

Undersea Fiber Communication Systems
Author: José Chesnoy
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 581
Release: 2002-10-21
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0080492371
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DescriptionThis book provides a detailed overview of the evolution of undersea communications systems, with emphasis on the most recent breakthroughs of optical submarine cable technologies based upon Wavelength Division Multiplexing, optical amplification, new-generation optical fibers, and high-speed digital electronics. The role played by submarine-communication systems in the development of high-speed networks and associated market demands for multiplying Internet and broadband services is also covered.Importance of This TopicThis book will fill the gap between highly specialized papers from large international conferences and broad-audience technology review updates. The book provides a full overview of the evolution in the field and conveys the dimension of the large undersea projects. In addition, the book uncovers the myths surrounding marine operations and installations in that domain, which have remained known so far to only very few specialists.

HVDC Submarine Power Cables in the World

HVDC Submarine Power Cables in the World
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 78
Release: 2015
Genre:
ISBN: 9789279527852
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This science-for-policy report is the first deliverable of the OTG project. It provides an extensive study on the availability of the technologies required for the realisation of a High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) interconnection between the European and North American Alternating Current (AC) transmission grids. An introduction on HVDC transmission systems is given. This implies a discussion on the monopolar, bipolar and back-to-back configurations. Also the connection with AC grids, i.e. the converter station, is treated. Further, attention is paid to the spatial context of laying a HVDC submarine power cable. Information is provided regarding geological and path surveys, subsea bed topography, geological structure and lithology. Geodynamic processes, sea currents, waves as well as temperature and salinity are also discussed. Technologies and materials used to produce HVDC submarine cables are presented. Different cable types are shown.^Special attention is given to the installation of HVDC submarine cables. Techniques for laying a cable are discussed. Also issues such as protection measures and maintenance aspects are dealt with. The operation of HVDC submarine cable is treated as well. Reliability and accident risk issues are discussed in a dedicated paragraph as well as environmental aspects. A complete, comprehensive chapter is spent on existing and planned HVDC submarine interconnectors. Emphasis is given the longest and deepest examples. An extensive list of these cables with relevant data is given in Annex 1. The report ends with a set of conclusions, primarily pointing at the following steps of the OTG project.^Shortly, they are as follows: - the HVDC submarine power cable technology is now mature; - the experience in laying the cable on the seafloor is inherited and adapted from the much older technology of telecommunication submarine cables; 8 - Europe is the leading region in both the length and number of cables having the longest one, the deepest one and one of the most powerful cables; the majority of manufacturers and sea-laying cable operators originate here; - mass-impregnated cables are the most used but a new generation of extruded cables are gaining field; - first submarine power cables used a monopolar configuration but the newly built ones are predominantly bipolar.