Analysis of Speech of People with Parkinson's Disease

Analysis of Speech of People with Parkinson's Disease
Author: Juan Rafael Orozco-Arroyave
Publisher: Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
Total Pages: 146
Release: 2016-11-11
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3832543619

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The analysis of speech of people with Parkinson's disease is an interesting and highly relevant topic that has attracted the research community during several years. The advances in digital signal processing and pattern recognition have motivated the research community to work on the development of computational tools to perform automatic analysis of speech. Most of the contributions on this topic are focused on sustained phonation of vowels and only consider recordings of one language. This thesis addresses two problems considering recordings of sustained phonations of vowels and continuous speech signals: (1) the automatic classification of Parkinson's patients vs. healthy speakers, and (2) the prediction of the neurological state of the patients according to the motor section of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). Recordings of three languages are considered: Spanish, German, and Czech. German and Czech data were provided by other researchers, and Spanish data were recorded in Medellin, Colombia, during the development of this work. Besides the classical approaches to assess pathological speech, a new method to model articulation deficits of Parkinson's patients is proposed. This new articulation modeling approach shows to be more accurate and robust than others to discriminate between Parkinson's patients and healthy speakers in the three considered languages.

The Lombard Effect on Speech Clarity in Patients with Parkinson Disease

The Lombard Effect on Speech Clarity in Patients with Parkinson Disease
Author: Firas Saler Daher Alfwaress
Publisher:
Total Pages: 126
Release: 2008
Genre:
ISBN:

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Vocal loudness tends to increase when healthy speakers are speaking in the presence of background noise. Acoustic studies of Lombard speech have shown that other articulatory changes associated with increased intelligibility occur along with the increase in loudness. Lombard speech in healthy speakers is characterized by decreased speaking rate, increased fundamental frequency range and mean, as well as increased vowel space. These results suggest a more complex interaction between auditory monitoring of speech and motor speech planning in this uncommon speaking environment. Recently, there has been increased interest in the effect of background noise on speakers with Parkinson Disease (PD). In this study, nineteen patients with Mild-to-Moderate Idiopathic PD (10 males and 9 females) and 19 age-and-sex matched healthy speakers were recruited to investigate these acoustic-phonetic measures in quiet and in Lombard conditions. A 90 dB SPL noise was given binaurally via a closed headset to induce the LE. Subjects were engaged in repeating the syllable chain /pataka/ and reading a set of phonetically balanced sentences. Speaking rate was measured by the diadochokinetic (DDK) task and speech rate (SR). Vocal loudness measures included intensity (INT) and intensity standard deviation (INTSD). Fundamental frequency range (F0Rge), mean (F0M), and standard deviation (F0SD) were the acoustic measures of fundamental frequency. The vowel space (VS) was obtained by measuring the vowel quadrilateral of the corner vowels /i, æ, a, u/ in the vocal tract. Repeated measures ANOVA results showed a statistically significant increase in vocal loudness measures, increase in F0 measures, and a decrease in speaking rate measures in both groups as a function of noise. The VS was not statistically different for both groups of participants in the Lombard condition. The male speakers in both groups showed increased VS compared to their female counterparts. The Parkinsonian group showed a smaller VS area in both conditions. In particular, the PD patients with moderate severity showed centralized VS compared to the healthy participants. These findings suggest that speakers with PD utilize neuromotor planning for speech production with the same capacity as non-impaired speakers; however, this capacity tends to deteriorate as PD becomes advanced.

Automatic Assessment of Parkinsonian Speech

Automatic Assessment of Parkinsonian Speech
Author: Juan I. Godino-Llorente
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 133
Release: 2021-01-02
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3030656543

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This book constitutes the revised and extended papers of the First Automatic Assessment of Parkinsonian Speech Workshop, AAPS 2019, held in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, in September 2019. The 6 full papers were thoroughly reviewed and selected from 15 submissions. They present recent research on the automatic assessment of parkinsonian speech from the point of view of such disciplines as machine learning, speech technology, phonetics, neurology, and speech therapy

The Effect of a Rhythmic Speech Cuing Protocol on Speech Intelligibility in Patients with Parkinson's Disease

The Effect of a Rhythmic Speech Cuing Protocol on Speech Intelligibility in Patients with Parkinson's Disease
Author: Joy Ouellette
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2015
Genre:
ISBN:

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the long-term effects of a Rhythmic Speech Cuing (RSC) protocol on severe speech impairments resulting from Parkinson's disease (PD). Five individuals diagnosed with idiopathic PD and speech deficiencies resulting from PD participated in the study. Each participant received 12 treatment sessions of RSC over a 4-week period. Each 25-minute treatment session consisted of metered rhythmic cuing with fading (for 20 minutes) and conversational speech (for 5 minutes). For rhythmic cuing, participants hand-tapped and spoke each word syllable to an auditory metronome cue that was set to 60% of their habitual speech rate (HSR). Data were collected during three testing sessions: pre-, mid-, and post-test. Each 20-minute testing session consisted of the participant speaking a total of 22 sentences (i.e., 220 words) from the Assessment of Intelligibility of Dysarthric Speech (AIDS) (Yorkston & Beukelman, 1981a) at their own preferred pace with no cuing. A picture description task (PDT) was also used, in which participants reported what they observed in a color photo depicting an everyday scenario. The dependent variables observed via the AIDS were percentage of intelligible speech, speech rate (including duration and words per minute, or WPM), and intelligible words per minute (IWPM). Unintelligible words per minute (UWPM) and communication efficiency ratio (CER) were also observed with the AIDS. Additionally, intelligible words and content of speech were observed via the PDT. The results showed that RSC had a statistically significant main effect on content of speech scores. Although scores for only one dependent variable achieved statistical significance, scores for six out of eight dependent variables generated large effect sizes, thus indicating practical significance. Findings revealed that the current RSC treatment protocol was most effective in the treatment of individuals with severe speech deficiencies. The participant whose speech was the most severely affected demonstrated marked improvements in all dependent variables in the current research. For example, his percentage of intelligible speech increased from 65% to 89%, which is a percentage that is comparable to typical speakers. Moreover, his CER increased from 0.14 to 0.28, showing his communication efficiency doubled from pre- to post-test. For this participant, spontaneous speech samples via the PDT indicated that scores for both intelligible words and content of speech increased from pre- to post-test. These increases suggest skill transfer may have occurred from training to spontaneous speech. Limitations within the current research included difficulty assessing speech deficiencies in the screening procedure, and a small and varied sample. Therefore, clinicians should be vigilant in utilizing an assessment tool that will accurately measure level of speech impairment. A precise tool will be helpful in identifying individuals with severe deficiencies who are most likely to benefit from use of this treatment protocol. The current data demonstrate that within a one month RSC protocol, patients with severe speech impairments resulting from PD can maintain or improve functional speech.

Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial of Speech After Early Neurostimulation in Parkinson's Disease

Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial of Speech After Early Neurostimulation in Parkinson's Disease
Author: Serge Pinto
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2023
Genre:
ISBN:

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Abstract: Background The EARLYSTIM trial demonstrated for Parkinson's disease patients with early motor complications that deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) and best medical treatment (BMT) was superior to BMT alone. Objective This prospective, ancillary study on EARLYSTIM compared changes in blinded speech intelligibility assessment between STN-DBS and BMT over 2 years, and secondary outcomes included non-speech oral movements (maximum phonation time [MPT], oral diadochokinesis), physician- and patient-reported assessments. Methods STN-DBS (n = 102) and BMT (n = 99) groups underwent assessments on/off medication at baseline and 24 months (in four conditions: on/off medication, ON/OFF stimulation--for STN-DBS). Words and sentences were randomly presented to blinded listeners, and speech intelligibility rate was measured. Statistical analyses compared changes between the STN-DBS and BMT groups from baseline to 24 months. Results Over the 2-year period, changes in speech intelligibility and MPT, as well as patient-reported outcomes, were not different between groups, either off or on medication or OFF or ON stimulation, but most outcomes showed a nonsignificant trend toward worsening in both groups. Change in oral diadochokinesis was significantly different between STN-DBS and BMT groups, on medication and OFF STN-DBS, with patients in the STN-DBS group performing slightly worse than patients under BMT only. A signal for clinical worsening with STN-DBS was found for the individual speech item of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, Part III. Conclusion At this early stage of the patients' disease, STN-DBS did not result in a consistent deterioration in blinded speech intelligibility assessment and patient-reported communication, as observed in studies of advanced Parkinson's Disease. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society

The Effects of Intensive Voice Treatment on Speech Intelligibility and Acoustics of Mandarin Speakers with Hypokinetic Dysarthria Due to Parkinson’s Disease

The Effects of Intensive Voice Treatment on Speech Intelligibility and Acoustics of Mandarin Speakers with Hypokinetic Dysarthria Due to Parkinson’s Disease
Author: Sih-Chiao Hsu
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2017
Genre:
ISBN:

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Hypokinetic dysarthria is a speech disorder that commonly occurs in individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, little is known about the speech characteristics and the effects of speech treatment on the speech of Mandarin speakers with hypokinetic dysarthria (henceforth, Mandarin speakers with PD). The purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the effects of intensive voice treatment on the speech intelligibility and acoustics of this population. This dissertation consisted of three papers. The first paper, “Acoustic and perceptual speech characteristics of native Mandarin speakers with Parkinson’s disease,” investigated the general speech characteristics of 11 Mandarin speakers with PD. Intelligibility and acoustic outcomes were reported and compared to seven age- and gender-matched neurologically healthy controls. Findings from this study showed that Mandarin speakers with PD exhibited decreased intelligibility, local pitch variation, vowel space area, speech rate, and rate variation.

Perioral Sensorimotor Integration in Parkinson's Disease

Perioral Sensorimotor Integration in Parkinson's Disease
Author: Amitava Biswas
Publisher:
Total Pages: 476
Release: 2005
Genre:
ISBN:

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Although Parkinson's disease (PD) is historically seen as a hypokinetic disorder of movements, including speech, recent studies have suggested degradation of sensorimotor integration in PD. Therefore, this study addresses the following questions. (1) Is there any sensory deficit in PD that correlates to the speech deficit? (2) Do PD patients significantly differ from healthy individuals on this account? A total of 36 participants included 12 PD patients, 12 age matched geriatric healthy subjects (GN), and 12 young healthy subjects (YN) in the age group of 20--30 years. All participants had normal cognitive function and normal hearing. Sensory evaluations included Tests of Basic Auditory Capability (TBAC), and tests of labial mechanosensation by Johnson-VanBoven-Phillips probes (JVP). Speech performance was evaluated by a new analytic measure: Guesstimate of Articulatory Performance (GAP) that extracts an overall score of formant transition from the acoustic signal, and by two conventional perceptual measures: Assessment of Intelligibility of Dysarthric Speech (AIDS), and Communication Efficiency Ratio (CER). Compared to the GN group, The PD group showed significant deficits in mechanosensation and speech performance but not in auditory performance. Compared to the YN group, the GN group showed significant deficits in mechanosensation and auditory performance but not in speech performance. Only the PD group showed a significant correlation between speech performance and mechanosensation. The results suggest that motor speech deficits may not be normally associated with mechanosensory deficits, but the association may be significant in PD. A computational model was investigated for theoretical interpretation of the results. This model was based on the Kalman principle of sensorimotor integration. Selective lesioning of the model also indicate that simultaneous degradation of sensorimotor integration and mechanosensation may be intrinsic in hypokinetic dysarthria.

The Dysarthrias

The Dysarthrias
Author: Malcolm Ray McNeil
Publisher:
Total Pages: 276
Release: 1984
Genre: Medical
ISBN:

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