Skeletal Trauma Analysis

Skeletal Trauma Analysis
Author: Nicholas V. Passalacqua
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 311
Release: 2015-06-15
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1118384229
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In the post-Daubert era, forensic science disciplines are increasingly informed by robust, statistically-sound experimental research. The educational value of the well-documented case study, however, remains as important as ever. Emphasizing known contextual information, this volume serves as a case-driven guide to skeletal trauma analysis through the unique perspective of each chapter's authors. Both forensic anthropologists and pathologists contribute skeletal trauma cases covering a range of topics including child abuse, blunt force trauma, descents from height, plane crashes, sharp force trauma and dismemberment, gunshot wounds, blast trauma, and burned body interpretation. Several chapters also include a discussion of potentially confounding taphonomic influences such as animal scavenging, water immersion, burning, and extended postmortem intervals. Detailed descriptions with multiple supporting images allow the practitioner's skeletal trauma interpretation to be compared to the "answer" as it pertains to the known circumstances surrounding the traumatic events of each case.

BROKEN BONES

BROKEN BONES
Author: Vicki L. Wedel
Publisher: Charles C Thomas Publisher
Total Pages: 505
Release: 2013-01-01
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0398087695
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The editors, along with 15 outstanding contributors, comprehensively explore and provide an overview of the principles behind the interpretation of skeletal blunt force trauma. This expanded second edition provides a discussion on how to train for a career in forensic anthropology and offers guidance on how to complete a thorough trauma analysis. It also provides the labels given to different kinds of fractures and the biomechanical forces required to cause bone to fail and fracture. The text provides a theoretical framework for both evaluating published trauma studies and designing new ones. Experimental trauma research is an area ripe for research, and criteria to consider in choosing which non-human species to use in an actualistic study are offered. Common circumstances in which blunt force trauma is encountered are described. Information is provided on a variety of causes of death due to blunt force trauma. These causes range from accidental deaths to homicides due to blunt force from motor vehicle accidents, falls, strangulation, child and elder abuse, among others. Epidemiological information on whom is most likely affected by these various kinds of blunt force trauma is drawn from both the clinical and forensic literature. The most fundamental elements of the text are offered in four chapters where, bone by bone, fracture by fracture, the authors describe what to call each kind of fracture, what is known about how much force is required to break the bone that way, and fracture specific epidemiological information. This particular section of the text provides an invaluable reference source for forensic anthropologists and other osteologists to consult when looking at and trying to classify a bone fracture. Case studies are included to bring the book full circle back to considering the micro and macro bone changes that are seen when bone fails and fractures. The case studies are illustrative both of the concepts described through the book and of the high quality analyses forensic anthropologists contribute to medicolegal investigations of death every day. The text is further enhanced by 150 illustrations, some in color. This completely updated and expanded new volume is an essential reference for the forensic anthropology professional.

Skeletal Trauma

Skeletal Trauma
Author: Erin H. Kimmerle
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 530
Release: 2008-02-19
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1420009117
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Born out of the need to recover, analyze, and present physical evidence on thousands of individual victims of large-scale human rights violations, multi-national, multi-disciplinary forensic teams developed a sophisticated system for the examination of human remains and set a precedent for future investigations. Codifying this process, Skeletal

Forensic Anthropology

Forensic Anthropology
Author: C. Clifford Boyd, Jr.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 372
Release: 2018-03-19
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1119226384
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Provides comprehensive coverage of everything that students and practitioners need to know about working in the field of forensic anthropology Forensic anthropology has been plagued by questions of scientific validity and rigor despite its acceptance as a section in the American Academy of Forensic Sciences nearly half a century ago. Critics have viewed it as a laboratory-based applied subfield of biological anthropology, and characterised it as emphasising methodology over theory. This book shows that these views are not only antiquated, but inadequate and inaccurate. Forensic Anthropology: Theoretical Framework and Scientific Basis introduces readers to all of the theoretical and scientific foundations of forensic anthropology — beginning with how it was influenced by the early theoretical approaches of Tyler, Morgan, Spencer and Darwin. It instructs on how modern forensic science relies on an interdisciplinary approach — with research being conducted in the fields of archaeology, physics, geology and other disciplines. This modern approach to theory in forensic anthropology is presented through the introduction and discussion of Foundational, Interpretive and Methodological theories. Sections cover: Bias and Objectivity in Forensic Anthropology Theory and Practice; The Theory and Science Behind Biological Profile and Personal Identification; Scientific Foundation for Interpretations of Antemortem, Perimortem, and Postmortem Processes; and Interdisciplinary Influences, Legal Ramifications and Future Directions. Illustrates important aspects of the theory building process and reflects methods for strengthening the scientific framework of forensic anthropology as a discipline Inspired by the “Application of Theory to Forensic Anthropology” symposium presented at the 67th annual meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences Chapters written by experts in the field who were presenters at the symposium Forensic Anthropology: Theoretical Framework and Scientific Basis is ideal for university courses in anthropological science, forensic science, criminal science and forensic archaeology.

An Atlas of Skeletal Trauma in Medico-Legal Contexts

An Atlas of Skeletal Trauma in Medico-Legal Contexts
Author: Soren Blau
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 798
Release: 2017-11-15
Genre: Law
ISBN: 0128037946
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Post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT) is increasingly used in forensic pathology practice in many jurisdictions. Such imaging has expanded the capacity to evaluate skeletal trauma improving the visualisation, documentation and presentation of forensic findings. Typically when deceased persons are located and exhibit evidence of trauma, forensic pathologist, anthropologists and radiologists base their interpretations of the mechanism of trauma on their experience and understanding of the biomechanics of fractures as well as recognisable patterns of injury. In order to augment this process, An Atlas of Forensic Skeletal Trauma presents a range of de-identified adult and child skeletal trauma cases that occur in medico-legal contexts where the cause of death and mechanism of trauma are recorded. An Atlas of Forensic Skeletal Trauma includes comprehensive photographs and PMCT images as well as descriptive text. Presents a valuable guide to the interpretation of skeletal trauma for practitioners and students of forensic anthropology, pathology and radiology Provides coverage of skeletal trauma cases resulting from high and low velocity projectiles, low energy blunt force (e.g., assaults involving various implements, hangings, strangulations, falls), high energy blunt force (e.g., motor vehicle and aviation incidents), and more Includes case studies with written and visual descriptions, discussions and up-to-date literature review

Skeletal Trauma

Skeletal Trauma
Author: Bruce D. Browner
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
Total Pages: 1747
Release: 2009
Genre: Bones
ISBN: 1416022201
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Major updates in this new edition provide information on current trends such as the management of osteoporotic and fragility fractures, locked plating technology, post-traumatic reconstruction, biology of fracture repair, biomechanics of fractures and fixation, disaster management, occupational hazards of radiation and blood-borne infection, effective use of orthotics, and more. A DVD of operative video clips shows how to perform 25 key procedures step by step. A new, full-color page layout makes it easier to locate the answers you need quickly. More than six hours of operative videos on DVD demonstrate 25 of the very latest and most challenging techniques in real time, including minimally invasive vertebral disc resection, vertebroplasty, and lumbar decompression and stabilization. An all-new, more user-friendly full-color text design enables you to find answers more quickly, and more efficiently review the key steps of each operative technique.

A Laboratory Manual for Forensic Anthropology

A Laboratory Manual for Forensic Anthropology
Author: Angi M. Christensen
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 340
Release: 2018-01-09
Genre: Law
ISBN: 0128123303
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A Laboratory Manual for Forensic Anthropology approaches forensic anthropology as a modern and well-developed science, and includes consideration of forensic anthropology within the broader forensic science community, with extensive use of case studies and recent research, technology and challenges that are applied in field and lab contexts. This book covers all practical aspects of forensic anthropology, from field recoveries, to lab analyses, emphasizing hands-on activities. Topics include human osteology and odontology, examination methods, medicolegal significance, scene processing methods, forensic taphonomy, skeletal processing and sampling, sex estimation, ancestry estimation, age estimation, stature estimation, skeletal variation, trauma analysis, and personal identification. Although some aspects are specific to the United States, the vast majority of the material is internationally-relevant and therefore suitable for forensic anthropology courses in other countries. Provides a comprehensive lab manual that is applicable to coursework in forensic anthropology and archaeology Covers all practical aspects of forensic anthropology, from field recoveries, to lab analyses Includes discussions of human osteology and odontology, examination methods, medicolegal significance, scene processing methods, forensic taphonomy, skeletal processing and sampling, sex estimation, and more Emphasizes best practices in the field, providing an approach that is in line with today's professional forensic anthropology

A Companion to Forensic Anthropology

A Companion to Forensic Anthropology
Author: Dennis Dirkmaat
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 752
Release: 2015-04-20
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1118959795
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A Companion to Forensic Anthropology presents the most comprehensive assessment of the philosophy, goals, and practice of forensic anthropology currently available, with chapters by renowned international scholars and experts. Highlights the latest advances in forensic anthropology research, as well as the most effective practices and techniques used by professional forensic anthropologists in the field Illustrates the development of skeletal biological profiles and offers important new evidence on statistical validation of these analytical methods. Evaluates the goals and methods of forensic archaeology, including the preservation of context at surface-scattered remains, buried bodies and fatal fire scenes, and recovery and identification issues related to large-scale mass disaster scenes and mass grave excavation.

A Multidisciplinary Approach to Skeletal Trauma Research

A Multidisciplinary Approach to Skeletal Trauma Research
Author: Angela Lynn Harden
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2021
Genre: Biomechanics
ISBN:
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Forensic anthropologists contribute to the criminal justice system through expert testimony, the majority of which is related to skeletal trauma analysis and interpretation. However, a major gap in the current knowledge surrounding skeletal trauma has been identified, specifically, the data necessary to conduct comprehensive bone trauma analysis with established error rates are lacking. Current methods and standards of skeletal blunt force trauma analysis do not explicitly meet Daubert guidelines that require: 1) validated studies, 2) peer-review, 3) known or potential error rate, and 4) general acceptance. Traditional approaches in forensic anthropology for analyzing skeletal fractures are often designed around descriptions and possibly a broad determination of mechanism (i.e., projectile, blunt force, sharp force, or thermal). This approach offers minimal guidance for interpretation and can result in subjective analyses, thereby providing little value to the medico-legal death investigation. The analysis of skeletal trauma can present a challenge to forensic anthropologists because it requires expertise and application of scientific principles from other disciplines, including injury biomechanics and engineering. The focus of this research is to provide a review of skeletal trauma research methods, highlight the gaps within these methods, propose a multidisciplinary approach to skeletal trauma research, and demonstrate interdisciplinary applications of this approach. This collection of research highlights the critical need for large-scale controlled experimental bone trauma studies, designed and implemented by a multidisciplinary research team and utilizing human specimens. The critical need in skeletal trauma research is not necessarily in more research, but in better research; a need that can be addressed by a multidisciplinary methodology, which should be the gold standard of any scientific study conducting skeletal trauma research. The objective of this collection of research is to demonstrate how a multidisciplinary approach to skeletal trauma research can improve and impact scientific, academic, and criminal justice communities.

Skeletal Trauma of the Upper Extremity

Skeletal Trauma of the Upper Extremity
Author: Grant E. Garrigues
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
Total Pages: 677
Release: 2021-07-22
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 032376181X
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From the sternoclavicular joint to the distal phalanx, Skeletal Trauma of the Upper Extremity is a practical, one-volume resource covering all aspects of upper limb trauma and surgery. Comprehensive in scope, it features a multidisciplinary, step-by-step approach to evaluation and management, including concise background information and a detailed focus on practical points and surgical techniques. Written by global experts in traumatology, sports medicine, shoulder, elbow, and hand surgery, this richly illustrated guide brings you into the operating room with leaders in the field. Offers detailed, practical guidance from the originators and/or masters of each procedure, along with multiple, illustrated surgical technique descriptions. Includes pearls and pitfalls, preoperative evaluation and indications, surgical techniques, rehabilitation, and management of complications. Features tables and figures throughout that clearly demonstrate surgical tips and tricks. Identifies controversial topics and covers current challenges such as arthroscopic coracoclavicular/acromioclavicular joint reconstruction, reverse total shoulder arthroplasty for proximal humerus fracture, total elbow arthroplasty for fracture, interosseous membrane reconstruction of the forearm, and many more. Contains more than 500 high-quality illustrations, including anatomical and surgical illustrations, surgical photographs, ultrasounds, and x-rays.