Seismic Attributes as the Framework for Data Integration Throughout the Oilfield Life Cycle

Seismic Attributes as the Framework for Data Integration Throughout the Oilfield Life Cycle
Author: Kurt J. Marfurt
Publisher: SEG Books
Total Pages: 509
Release: 2018-01-31
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1560803517
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Useful attributes capture and quantify key components of the seismic amplitude and texture for subsequent integration with well log, microseismic, and production data through either interactive visualization or machine learning. Although both approaches can accelerate and facilitate the interpretation process, they can by no means replace the interpreter. Interpreter “grayware” includes the incorporation and validation of depositional, diagenetic, and tectonic deformation models, the integration of rock physics systematics, and the recognition of unanticipated opportunities and hazards. This book is written to accompany and complement the 2018 SEG Distinguished Instructor Short Course that provides a rapid overview of how 3D seismic attributes provide a framework for data integration over the life of the oil and gas field. Key concepts are illustrated by example, showing modern workflows based on interactive interpretation and display as well as those aided by machine learning.

Advances in Subsurface Data Analytics

Advances in Subsurface Data Analytics
Author: Shuvajit Bhattacharya
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 378
Release: 2022-05-18
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 0128223081
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Advances in Subsurface Data Analytics: Traditional and Physics-Based Approaches brings together the fundamentals of popular and emerging machine learning (ML) algorithms with their applications in subsurface analysis, including geology, geophysics, petrophysics, and reservoir engineering. The book is divided into four parts: traditional ML, deep learning, physics-based ML, and new directions, with an increasing level of diversity and complexity of topics. Each chapter focuses on one ML algorithm with a detailed workflow for a specific application in geosciences. Some chapters also compare the results from an algorithm with others to better equip the readers with different strategies to implement automated workflows for subsurface analysis. Advances in Subsurface Data Analytics: Traditional and Physics-Based Approaches will help researchers in academia and professional geoscientists working on the subsurface-related problems (oil and gas, geothermal, carbon sequestration, and seismology) at different scales to understand and appreciate current trends in ML approaches, their applications, advances and limitations, and future potential in geosciences by bringing together several contributions in a single volume. Covers fundamentals of simple machine learning and deep learning algorithms, and physics-based approaches written by practitioners in academia and industry Presents detailed case studies of individual machine learning algorithms and optimal strategies in subsurface characterization around the world Offers an analysis of future trends in machine learning in geosciences

Reservoir Characterization, Modeling and Quantitative Interpretation

Reservoir Characterization, Modeling and Quantitative Interpretation
Author: Shib Sankar Ganguli
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 518
Release: 2023-10-27
Genre: Science
ISBN: 032399718X
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Reservoir Characterization, Modeling and Quantitative Interpretation: Recent Workflows to Emerging Technologies offers a wide spectrum of reservoir characterization techniques and technologies, focusing on the latest breakthroughs and most efficient methodologies in hydrocarbon exploration and development. Topics covered include 4D seismic technologies, AVAz inversion, fracture characterization, multiscale imaging technologies, static and dynamic reservoir characterization, among others. The content is delivered through an inductive approach, which will help readers gain comprehensive insights on advanced practices and be able to relate them to other subareas of reservoir characterization, including CO2 storage and data-driven modeling. This will be especially useful for field scientists in collecting and analyzing field data, prospect evaluation, developing reservoir models, and adopting new technologies to mitigate exploration risk. They will be able to solve the practical and challenging problems faced in the field of reservoir characterization, as it will offer systematic industrial workflows covering every aspect of this branch of Earth Science, including subsurface geoscientific perspectives of carbon geosequestration. This resource is a 21st Century guide for exploration geologists, geoscience students at postgraduate level and above, and petrophysicists working in the oil and gas industry. Covers the latest and most effective technologies in reservoir characterization, including Avo analysis, AVAz inversion, wave field separation and Machine Learning techniques Provides a balanced blend of both theoretical and practical approaches for solving challenges in reservoir characterization Includes detailed industry-standard practical workflows, along with code structures for algorithms and practice exercises

Understanding Faults

Understanding Faults
Author: David Tanner
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 380
Release: 2019-10-08
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0128159863
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Understanding Faults: Detecting, Dating, and Modeling offers a single resource for analyzing faults for a variety of applications, from hazard detection and earthquake processes, to geophysical exploration. The book presents the latest research, including fault dating using new mineral growth, fault reactivation, and fault modeling, and also helps bridge the gap between geologists and geophysicists working across fault-related disciplines. Using diagrams, formulae, and worldwide case studies to illustrate concepts, the book provides geoscientists and industry experts in oil and gas with a valuable reference for detecting, modeling, analyzing and dating faults. Presents cutting-edge information relating to fault analysis, including mechanical, geometrical and numerical models, theory and methodologies Includes calculations of fault sealing capabilities Describes how faults are detected, what fault models predict, and techniques for dating fault movement Utilizes worldwide case studies throughout the book to concretely illustrate key concepts

A Primer on Machine Learning in Subsurface Geosciences

A Primer on Machine Learning in Subsurface Geosciences
Author: Shuvajit Bhattacharya
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 172
Release: 2021-05-03
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3030717682
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This book provides readers with a timely review and discussion of the success, promise, and perils of machine learning in geosciences. It explores the fundamentals of data science and machine learning, and how their advances have disrupted the traditional workflows used in the industry and academia, including geology, geophysics, petrophysics, geomechanics, and geochemistry. It then presents the real-world applications and explains that, while this disruption has affected the top-level executives, geoscientists as well as field operators in the industry and academia, machine learning will ultimately benefit these users. The book is written by a practitioner of machine learning and statistics, keeping geoscientists in mind. It highlights the need to go beyond concepts covered in STAT 101 courses and embrace new computational tools to solve complex problems in geosciences. It also offers practitioners, researchers, and academics insights into how to identify, develop, deploy, and recommend fit-for-purpose machine learning models to solve real-world problems in subsurface geosciences.

Handbook of Poststack Seismic Attributes

Handbook of Poststack Seismic Attributes
Author: Arthur E. Barnes
Publisher: SEG Books
Total Pages: 269
Release: 2016-10-15
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1560803312
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The Handbook of Poststack Seismic Attributes is a general reference for poststack seismic attributes. It discusses their theory, meaning, computation, and application, with the goal of improving understanding so that seismic attributes can be applied more effectively. The chapters of the book build upon each other and progress from basic attributes to more involved methods. The book introduces the ideas that underlie seismic attributes and reviews their history from their origins to current developments. It examines attribute maps and interval statistics; complex trace attributes; 3D attributes that quantify aspects of geologic structure and stratigraphy, primarily dip, azimuth, curvature, reflection spacing, and parallelism; seismic discontinuity attributes derived through variances or differences; spectral decomposition, thin-bed analysis, and waveform classification; the two poststack methods that purportedly record rock properties — relative acoustic impedance through recursive inversion, and Q estimation through spectral ratioing; and multiattribute analysis through volume blending, cross-plotting, principal component analysis, and unsupervised classification. The book ends with an overview of how seismic attributes aid data interpretation and discusses bright spots, frequency shadows, faults, channels, diapirs, and data reconnaissance. A glossary provides definitions of seismic attributes and methods, and appendices provide background mathematics. The book is intended for reflection seismologists engaged in petroleum exploration, including seismic data interpreters, data processors, researchers, and students.

Seismic Data Interpretation and Evaluation for Hydrocarbon Exploration and Production

Seismic Data Interpretation and Evaluation for Hydrocarbon Exploration and Production
Author: Niranjan C. Nanda
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 307
Release: 2021-06-24
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3030753018
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This book is meant for geoscientists and engineers who are beginners, and introduces them to the field of seismic data interpretation and evaluation. The exquisite seismic illustrations and real case examples interspersed in the text help the readers appreciate the interpretation of seismic data in a simple way, and at the same time, emphasize the multidisciplinary, integrated practical approach to data evaluation. A concerted effort has been made for the readers to realize that mindless interpretation of seismic data using sophisticated software packages, without having a grasp on the elementary principles of geology and geophysics, and coupled with their over-reliance on workstations to provide solutions can have appalling results all too very often.

Managing Subsurface Data in the Oil and Gas Sector Seismic

Managing Subsurface Data in the Oil and Gas Sector Seismic
Author: Ahmad Bin Maidinsar
Publisher: Partridge Publishing Singapore
Total Pages: 148
Release: 2019-05-24
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 1543751385
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The book underlines the basic workflow in managing data efficiently and professionally from data search up to data archiving. This period is also considered as the data life span within a project cycle. The book is also a good referral for undergrads in the geosciences faculties. The nine chapters outline in detail what any subsurface data managers need to apprehend in their daily routine works. —Chapter 1 outline the meaning of “seismic.” —Chapter 2 outline the history of storage media. —Chapter 3 outline the 2D and 3D seismic surveys. —Chapter 4 outline the coordinate reference system and standard navigational data format. —Chapter 5 outline the flow in data management. —Chapter 6 outline the SEG-Y header analysis. —Chapter 7 outline the standard seismic data loading. —Chapter 8 outline the process of data cleaning. —Chapter 9 outline what constitutes of backup, archive, and restore.

3D Seismic Attributes Analysis to Outline Channel Facies and Reveal Heterogeneous Reservoir Stratigraphy ; Weirman Field, Ness County, Kansas, USA

3D Seismic Attributes Analysis to Outline Channel Facies and Reveal Heterogeneous Reservoir Stratigraphy ; Weirman Field, Ness County, Kansas, USA
Author: Charlotte Conwell Philip
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2011
Genre:
ISBN:
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This research presents a workflow integrating several post-stack seismic attributes to assist in understanding the development history of Weirman Field, Ness County, KS. This study contributes to shaping future drilling plans by establishing a workflow combining analysis of seismic attributes and well cuttings to locate a channel fill zone of better reservoir quality, and to highlight reservoir boundaries due to compartmentalization. In this study, I have successfully outlined a fluvial channel, which is expected to be significantly different in terms of petrophysical properties. The Pennsylvanian aged Cherokee sandstones that potentially comprise channel fill lithofacies, in this study, have been linked to oil production throughout the state of Kansas. It is important to understand channel sandstones when evaluating drilling prospects, because of their potential as an oil reservoir and unpredictable shapes and locations. Since their introduction in the 1970s, seismic attributes have become an essential part of lithological and petrophysical characterization of hydrocarbon reservoirs. Seismic attributes can correlate to and help reveal certain subsurface characteristics and specific geobodies that cannot be distinguished otherwise. Extracting and analyzing acoustic impedance, root-mean-square amplitude and amplitude attenuation, guided by a time window focused on the top of the Mississippian formation, resulted in an understanding of the key seismic channel-facies framework and helped to explain some of the disappointing drilling results at Weirman Field. To form a better understanding of these seismic attributes, this study combined certain attributes and overlayed them in partially transparent states in order to summarize and better visualize the resulting data. A preliminary study of spectral decomposition, which was introduced in the late 1990s, was preformed, and a more in-depth study of this multi-resolution attribute is recommended for future study of this particular field. This study also recommends integrating the revealed compartmentalization boundary and the seismic channel-facies framework in future drilling plans of Weirman Field.