This document represents the second volume of the seventeenth in the series of biennial Science Indicators reports, "Science and Engineering Indicators, 2006." The National Science Board submits this report in accordance with Sec. 4(j)1 of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950, as amended. The Science Indicators series was designed to provide a broad base of quantitative information about U.S. science, engineering, and technology for use by public and private policymakers. With each new edition the Board seeks to continually expand the data sources and pertinence to the broad user community. "Science and Engineering Indicators, 2006" contains analyses of key aspects of the scope, quality, and vitality of the Nation's science and engineering enterprise and global science and technology. The report presents information on science, mathematics, and engineering education at all levels; the scientific and engineering workforce; U.S. and international research and development performance and competitiveness in high technology; and public attitudes and understanding of science and engineering. Finally, the report hopes school administrations and Congress will find the new quantitative information and analysis in the report useful and timely for informed thinking and planning on national priorities, policies, and programs in science and technology. "Science and Engineering Indicators" is released in printed and electronic formats. The printed version is published in 2 volumes: Volume 1 provides the main text content and Volume 2, presented in this document, provides the detailed tabular data. (For Volume 1, see ED490851.).