Sampling Protocols for the Detection of Smokeless Powder Residues Using Capillary Electrophoresis

Sampling Protocols for the Detection of Smokeless Powder Residues Using Capillary Electrophoresis
Author: WA. MacCrehan
Publisher:
Total Pages: 6
Release: 1998
Genre: Capillary electrophoresis
ISBN:

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Present techniques for the detection of gunshot residue rely primarily metallic primer components such as lead, barium and antimony. With the advent of reformulated primers that reduce or eliminate these elements, new methods for the detection of organic residue compounds will be needed. Micellar electrokinetic capillary electrophoresis (MECE) is one technique that has been successfully applied to the analysis of these smokeless powder residue compounds.

Detection of Smokeless Powder Residue on Pipe Bombs by Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary Electrophoresis

Detection of Smokeless Powder Residue on Pipe Bombs by Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary Electrophoresis
Author: KD. Smith
Publisher:
Total Pages: 6
Release: 1999
Genre: Capillary electrophoresis
ISBN:

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Improvised explosive devices are an increasing concern among law enforcement agencies within the United States because of their destructive capability. Capillary electrophoresis has been used previously for the forensic analysis of inorganic constituents in explosives. Micellar electrokinetic capillary electrophoresis (MECE), also known as micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC), is well suited for the forensic analysis of organic constituents of these materials because of its high sensitivity and small sample requirements.

Emerging Technologies for the Analysis of Forensic Traces

Emerging Technologies for the Analysis of Forensic Traces
Author: Simona Francese
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 275
Release: 2019-09-30
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3030205428

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This book provides a line of communication between academia and end users/practitioners to advance forensic science and boost its contribution to criminal investigations and court cases. By covering the state of the art of promising technologies for the analysis of trace evidence using a controlled vocabulary, this book targets the forensics community as well as, crucially, informing the end users on novel and potential forensic opportunities for the fight against crime. By reporting end users commentaries at the end of each chapter, the relevant academic community is provided with clear indications on where to direct further technological developments in order to meet the law requirements for operational deployment, as well as the specific needs of the end users. Promising chemistry based technologies and analytical techniques as well as techniques that have already shown to various degrees an operational character are covered. The majority of the techniques covered have imaging capabilities, that is the ability to visualize the distribution of the target molecules within the trace evidence recovered. This feature enhances intelligibility of the information making it also accessible to a lay audience such as that typically found with a court jury. Trace evidence discussed in this book include fingermarks, bodily fluids, hair, gunshot residues, soil, ink and questioned documents thus covering a wide range of possible evidence recovered at crime scenes.

Current Methods in Forensic Gunshot Residue Analysis

Current Methods in Forensic Gunshot Residue Analysis
Author: A. J. Schwoeble
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 187
Release: 2000-06-27
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1420042572

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With the improvements in collection methods and analytical tools that allow more thorough analyses, gunshot residue examination has made a dramatic impact as an area of trace evidence essential to the investigation and prosecution of violent crime. Current Methods in Forensic Gunshot Residue Analysis deals with major areas of gunshot residue analysis, including current and future methods of analysis, collection techniques, interpretation of evidence, expert testimony and report writing. This text is a necessity for forensic scientists conducting this type of analysis and anyone involved in the investigation and prosecution of violent crimes involving firearms.

Forensic Investigation of Clandestine Laboratories

Forensic Investigation of Clandestine Laboratories
Author: Donnell R. Christian, Jr.
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 394
Release: 2003-07-28
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9780849312274

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Clandestine lab operators are not the mad scientists whose genius keeps them pent up in the laboratory contemplating elaborate formulas and mixing exotic chemicals. In fact, their equipment is usually simple, their chemicals household products, and their education basic. Most of the time the elements at the scene are perfectly legal to sell and own. It is only in the combination of all these elements that the lab becomes the scene of a criminal operation. Forensic Investigation of Clandestine Laboratories guides you, step-by-step, through the process of recognizing these illegal manufacturing operations. Then it shows you how to prove it in the courtroom. In non-technical language this book details: How to recognize a clandestine lab How to process the site of a clandestine lab How to analyze evidence in the examination laboratory What to derive from the physical evidence How to present the evidence in court The identification and investigation of a clandestine lab, and the successful prosecution of the perpetrators, is a team effort. A collaboration of law enforcement, forensic experts, scientists, and criminal prosecutors is required to present a case that definitively demonstrates how a group of items with legitimate uses are being used to manufacture an illegal controlled substance. Providing an understanding of how the pieces of the clandestine lab puzzle fit together, this book outlines the steps needed to identify and shut down these operations, as well as successfully prosecute the perpetrators.

A Comparison of Smokeless Powders and Mixtures by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis

A Comparison of Smokeless Powders and Mixtures by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis
Author: KG. Hopper
Publisher:
Total Pages: 9
Release: 2005
Genre: Capillary electrophoresis
ISBN:

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The analysis of inorganic ions present in smokeless and muzzleloading powders has been performed using capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) Previous publications have examined inorganic low explosives using CZE, but have not looked at the ion profiles from smokeless powders. In this report, seven commercially available smokeless powders were analyzed as unburned powder and burned residue. The results demonstrate that ionic profiles can be used to characterize smokeless powders. Our analysis also included a smokeless powder/ Pyrodexê combination to determine if smokeless powder ions are distinguishable in a mixture; however, the high concentration of ions present in Pyrodexê RS prevented its detection. In addition, five different smokeless powder samples as well as Pyrodexê RS were collected for analysis subsequent to deflagration in fifteen plastic pipe bombs. The relative ion concentrations between these powders can be used to illustrate the differences between open burning and pipe bomb deflagration.

Gunshot Residue Analysis by Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary Electrophoresis

Gunshot Residue Analysis by Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary Electrophoresis
Author: DM. Northrop
Publisher:
Total Pages: 11
Release: 2001
Genre: Capillary electrophoresis
ISBN:

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Usually gunshot residue (GSR) analysis examines samples for the presence of inorganic primer compounds, in particular lead (Pb), barium (Ba), and antimony (Sb) Alternative methods are needed because of the advent of primers that do not contain these metals. Micellar electrokinetic capillary electrophoresis (MECE) has been used to examine characteristic organic gunpowder components (COGC), including nitroglycerin (NG) diphenylamine (DPA), ethylcentralite (EC), and others. The purpose of this project was to develop MECE for implementation in GSR casework. In order to do this, it was necessary to: (a) establish a sample collection and preparation method for use with both MECE and scanning electron microscopy (SEM); (b) determine that the minimum detection limits for COGC were in the picogram range; (c) show that no residues were identified in samples from the general population at or above these levels; and (d) quantitatively identify the common chemicals used in more than 100 commercially available ammunitions and reloading powders. Results from the study covering organic GSR persistence, environmental exposure effects, comparison to SEM results, and casework using both CE and SEM are described in a subsequent paper.

Chemical Identification and its Quality Assurance

Chemical Identification and its Quality Assurance
Author: Boris L. Milman
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 295
Release: 2013-06-17
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3642153615

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This is the first book to show how to apply the principles of quality assurance to the identification of analytes (qualitative chemical analysis). After presenting the principles of identification and metrological basics, the author focuses on the reliability and the errors of chemical identification. This is then applied to practical examples such as EPA methods, EU, FDA, or WADA regulations. Two whole chapters are devoted to the analysis of unknowns and identification of samples such as foodstuffs or oil pollutions. Essential reading for researchers and professionals dealing with the identification of chemical compounds and the reliability of chemical analysis.