Roma in the Medieval Islamic World

Roma in the Medieval Islamic World
Author: Kristina L. Richardson
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2021
Genre: Beggars
ISBN: 9780755635801

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"The recorded history of gypsy communities in Europe begins with the arrival of the Roma in the fourteenth century, although genetic and linguistic evidence demonstrates that this group left northwest India sometime before the seventh. Remarkably, this leaves a 700-year unexplored void as the communities migrated across the Middle East. The main problem facing historians studying so-called gypsies and gypsy-like communities is a linguistic one - namely not knowing how to identify or recognise them in the medieval Arabic and Persian sources. Drawing on ground-breaking linguistic research, Kristina Richardson here demonstrates that the Banu Sasan - literally 'from the tribe of Sasan' and commonly identified in scholarship as a fringe criminal gang or underworld brotherhood - should be less creatively imagined and viewed as an ordinary tribal confederation: the 'missing' gypsy community. Having established this, Richardson fleshes out the existence of these communities across the medieval Middle East, touching on topics as diverse as their professions, their migration patterns, the art they left behind, the urban spaces they lived in and influenced, their daily life and their literature. Richardson's ground-breaking book will provide the foundation for future studies of the Romani in the period, in addition to revealing a great deal about the cities, communities, religions and cultures that they lived within as they moved and settled across the medieval Islamic world."--

Roma in the Medieval Islamic World

Roma in the Medieval Islamic World
Author: Kristina Richardson
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Total Pages: 195
Release: 2021-11-18
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 0755635795

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Winner of the 2022 Dan David Prize for outstanding scholarship that illuminates the past and seeks to anchor public discourse in a deeper understanding of history In Middle Eastern cities as early as the mid-8th century, the Sons of Sasan begged, trained animals, sold medicinal plants and potions, and told fortunes. They captivated the imagination of Arab writers and playwrights, who immortalized their strange ways in poems, plays, and the Thousand and One Nights. Using a wide range of sources, Richardson investigates the lived experiences of these Sons of Sasan, who changed their name to Ghuraba' (Strangers) by the late 1200s. This name became the Arabic word for the Roma and Roma-affiliated groups also known under the pejorative term 'Gypsies'. This book uses mostly Ghuraba'-authored works to understand their tribal organization and professional niches as well as providing a glossary of their language Sin. It also examines the urban homes, neighborhoods, and cemeteries that they constructed. Within these isolated communities they developed and nurtured a deep literary culture and astrological tradition, broadening our appreciation of the cultural contributions of medieval minority communities. Remarkably, the Ghuraba' began blockprinting textual amulets by the 10th century, centuries before printing on paper arrived in central Europe. When Roma tribes migrated from Ottoman territories into Bavaria and Bohemia in the 1410s, they may have carried this printing technology into the Holy Roman Empire.

Roma in the Medieval Islamic World

Roma in the Medieval Islamic World
Author: Kristina Richardson
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Total Pages: 256
Release: 2021-11-18
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 0755635787

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Winner of the 2022 Dan David Prize for outstanding scholarship that illuminates the past and seeks to anchor public discourse in a deeper understanding of history In Middle Eastern cities as early as the mid-8th century, the Sons of Sasan begged, trained animals, sold medicinal plants and potions, and told fortunes. They captivated the imagination of Arab writers and playwrights, who immortalized their strange ways in poems, plays, and the Thousand and One Nights. Using a wide range of sources, Richardson investigates the lived experiences of these Sons of Sasan, who changed their name to Ghuraba' (Strangers) by the late 1200s. This name became the Arabic word for the Roma and Roma-affiliated groups also known under the pejorative term 'Gypsies'. This book uses mostly Ghuraba'-authored works to understand their tribal organization and professional niches as well as providing a glossary of their language Sin. It also examines the urban homes, neighborhoods, and cemeteries that they constructed. Within these isolated communities they developed and nurtured a deep literary culture and astrological tradition, broadening our appreciation of the cultural contributions of medieval minority communities. Remarkably, the Ghuraba' began blockprinting textual amulets by the 10th century, centuries before printing on paper arrived in central Europe. When Roma tribes migrated from Ottoman territories into Bavaria and Bohemia in the 1410s, they may have carried this printing technology into the Holy Roman Empire.

Music and Musicians in the Medieval Islamicate World

Music and Musicians in the Medieval Islamicate World
Author: Lisa Nielson
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Total Pages: 297
Release: 2021-04-22
Genre: History
ISBN: 0755617894

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During the early medieval Islamicate period (800–1400 CE), discourses concerned with music and musicians were wide-ranging and contentious, and expressed in works on music theory and philosophy as well as literature and poetry. But in spite of attempts by influential scholars and political leaders to limit or control musical expression, music and sound permeated all layers of the social structure. Lisa Nielson here presents a rich social history of music, musicianship and the role of musicians in the early Islamicate era. Focusing primarily on Damascus, Baghdad and Jerusalem, Lisa Nielson draws on a wide variety of textual sources written for and about musicians and their professional/private environments – including chronicles, literary sources, memoirs and musical treatises – as well as the disciplinary approaches of musicology to offer insights into musical performances and the lives of musicians. In the process, the book sheds light onto the dynamics of medieval Islamicate courts, as well as how slavery, gender, status and religion intersected with music in courtly life. It will appeal to scholars of the Islamicate world and historical musicologists.

Writing History in the Medieval Islamic World

Writing History in the Medieval Islamic World
Author: Fozia Bora
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Total Pages: 271
Release: 2019-06-13
Genre: History
ISBN: 178672605X

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In the 'encyclopaedic' fourteenth century, Arabic chronicles produced in Mamluk cities bore textual witness to both recent and bygone history, including that of the Fatimids (969–1171CE). For in two centuries of rule over Egypt and North Africa, the Isma'ili Fatimids had left few self-generated historiographical records. Instead, it fell to Ayyubid and Mamluk historians to represent the dynasty to posterity. This monograph sets out to explain how later historians preserved, interpreted and re-organised earlier textual sources. Mamluk historians engaged in a sophisticated archival practice within historiography, rather than uncritically reproducing earlier reports. In a new diplomatic edition, translation and analysis of Mamluk historian Ibn al-Furat's account of late Fatimid rule in The History of Dynasties and Kings, a widely known but barely copied universal chronicle of Islamic history, Fozia Bora traces the survival of historiographical narratives from Fatimid Egypt. Through Ibn al-Furat's text, Bora demonstrates archivality as the heuristic key to Mamluk historical writing. This book is essential for all scholars working on the written culture and history of the medieval Islamic world, and paves the way for a more nuanced reading of pre-modern Arabic chronicles and of the epistemic environment in which they were produced.

The School of Hillah and the Formation of Twelver Shi‘i Islamic Tradition

The School of Hillah and the Formation of Twelver Shi‘i Islamic Tradition
Author: Aun Hasan Ali
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Total Pages: 305
Release: 2023-06-15
Genre: History
ISBN: 075563909X

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Against the background of long-standing narratives in which Twelver Shi'ism is viewed as fundamentally authoritarian, The School of Hillah and the Formation of Twelver Shi'i Islamic Tradition builds upon recent scholarship in the fields of Religious Studies, Anthropology, and History to argue that Twelver Shi'ism is better understood as a discursive tradition. At a conceptual level, this solves the basic problem of how to integrate the extraordinary diversity of Twelver Shi'ism across time and space into a single historical category without engaging in a normative assessment of its underlying essence. Furthermore, in light of this conception of tradition, the School of Hillah stands out as a seminal period in the archive of Twelver Shi'ism, though it has seldom been recognized as such in European-language scholarship. Insofar as it gave birth to a conversation that would prove capable of encompassing the dynamism of Twelver Shi'ism, the School of Hillah should be considered the formative period of Twelver Shi'i tradition. Moreover, when the tradition is conceptualized in this manner, it is a bulwark against the very authoritarianism by which Twelver Shi'ism has been characterized for so long.

78 Acts of Liberation

78 Acts of Liberation
Author: Lane Smith
Publisher: Sounds True
Total Pages: 349
Release: 2024-08-20
Genre: Body, Mind & Spirit
ISBN: 1649632215

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A guide to reading Tarot as a spark for community engagement and social change “A beacon of insight and action.” —Nyasha Williams, author of Black Tarot and I Affirm Me The cards in the Tarot deck offer seventy-eight invitations for change, not only in our inner life, but beyond. Lane Smith invites us to read each card with an eye toward the collective—how we can contribute to liberation in the world. Smith shares, “Behind every story about Tarot—and about the world—are power relationships which are often invisible.” 78 Acts of Liberation examines the structure, history, and components of Tarot through the lens of power, helping us better understand power dynamics in our life and in society. After a brief history that highlights often-ignored aspects of Tarot’s past, Smith guides us through each card with reflections about clarifying our values and putting them into action. The cards are organized numerologically so that each number corresponds to a type of action, from Ones as Acts of Initiation to Tens as Acts of Generation. Every individual card offers questions for personal reflection and social consideration. Each Major Arcana card is illustrated with an example from a social movement—from the Indigenous Water Protectors to #MeToo—that illuminates how we can put the power of these timeless archetypes into action today. Every Minor Arcana card is linked to a practical and actionable term to know or skill to practice. 78 Acts of Liberation helps us explore: • What our core values are, and how we can put them into action • How we can be socially engaged, whatever our life circumstance—whether it’s through what we teach our children or through collective action and protest • How to sustain ourselves over time and through challenge As Smith explains, “Truth alone will not set us free. We have to act on it.” This guide offers inspiration for action—action that can feel joyful, hopeful, freeing, and empowering.

Times of History

Times of History
Author: Aziz Al-Azmeh
Publisher: Central European University Press
Total Pages: 330
Release: 2007-10-20
Genre: History
ISBN: 615521140X

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This is a collection of essays on current questions of historiography, illustrated with reference to Islamic historiography. The main concerns are conceptions of time and temporality, the uses of the past, historical periodisation, historical categorisation, and the constitution of historical objects, not least those called "civilisation" and "Islam". One of the aims of the book is to apply to Islamic materials the standard conceptual equipment used in historical study, and to exercise a large-scale comparativist outlook.

Gender and Violence in Romani and Traveller Lives

Gender and Violence in Romani and Traveller Lives
Author: Paloma Gay Blasco
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Total Pages: 198
Release: 2024-07-26
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1040045081

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This is the first interdisciplinary collection to analyse the place of Romanies and Travellers within contemporary Europe through the lens of gender and violence. In hospitals, schools, and social assistance centres; in encounters with humanitarian agencies and the police; and in media and state representations, violence against Romanies and Travellers is always gendered. The contributors disentangle the array of relations, expectations, and beliefs that make gendered violences against Romanies and Travellers appear necessary, unavoidable, or appropriate. They examine forms of gendered violence that may develop within Romani and Traveller communities against this framework of oppression and attrition. The volume foregrounds the methodological and ethical challenges involved in researching gendered violences in Romani and Traveller contexts, questioning the relationships between gender, violence, and other experiences and concepts such as marginalisation, oppression, exclusion, harm, slow death, social suffering, and necropolitics. The volume is grounded in reflexive feminist standpoints with a collaborative ethos that offers proposals for further analysis, policy development, and engaged practice. It contributes to the theorising of gendered violence in the social sciences by assessing dominant models and perspectives in the light of overlooked Romani and Traveller experiences, and is particularly relevant to scholars from anthropology, gender studies, sociology, and social work.