Risk-Based Policing

Risk-Based Policing
Author: Leslie W. Kennedy
Publisher: University of California Press
Total Pages: 166
Release: 2018-10-30
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 0520295633

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Risk-based policing is a research advancement that improves public safety, and its applications prevent crime specifically by managing crime risks. In Risk-Based Policing, the authors analyze case studies from a variety of city agencies including Atlantic City, New Jersey; Colorado Springs, Colorado; Glendale, Arizona; Kansas City, Missouri; Newark, New Jersey; and others. They demonstrate how focusing police resources on risky places and basing police work on smart uses of data can address the worst effects of disorder and crime while improving community relations and public safety. Topics include the role of big data; the evolution of modern policing; dealing with high-risk targets; designing, implementing, and evaluating risk-based policing strategies; and the role of multiple stakeholders in risk-based policing. The book also demonstrates how risk terrain modeling can be extended to provide a comprehensive view of prevention and deterrence.

Risk Terrain Modeling

Risk Terrain Modeling
Author: Joel M. Caplan
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Total Pages: 171
Release: 2016-06-28
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 0520958802

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Imagine using an evidence-based risk management model that enables researchers and practitioners alike to analyze the spatial dynamics of crime, allocate resources, and implement custom crime and risk reduction strategies that are transparent, measurable, and effective. Risk Terrain Modeling (RTM) diagnoses the spatial attractors of criminal behavior and makes accurate forecasts of where crime will occur at the microlevel. RTM informs decisions about how the combined factors that contribute to criminal behavior can be targeted, connections to crime can be monitored, spatial vulnerabilities can be assessed, and actions can be taken to reduce worst effects. As a diagnostic method, RTM offers a statistically valid way to identify vulnerable places. To learn more, visit http://www.riskterrainmodeling.com and begin using RTM with the many free tutorials and resources.

Policing the Risk Society

Policing the Risk Society
Author: Richard Victor Ericson
Publisher: Clarendon Studies in Criminolo
Total Pages: 506
Release: 1997
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 0198265530

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The focus of this book is the policing of modern society and the risks involved. It explores various issues and factors effecting policing communities, particularly communication and police organization.

Policing the Risk Society

Policing the Risk Society
Author: Richard Victor Ericson
Publisher: Clarendon Studies in Criminolo
Total Pages: 506
Release: 1997
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 0198265778

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The focus of this book is the policing of modern society and the risks involved. It explores various issues and factors effecting policing communities, particularly communication and police organization.

Evidence-Based Policing and Community Crime Prevention

Evidence-Based Policing and Community Crime Prevention
Author: James McGuire
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 467
Release: 2021-09-01
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 3030763633

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This book addresses and reviews progress in a major innovative development within police work known as evidence-based policing. It involves a significant extension and strengthening of links between research and practice and is directed to the task of increasing police effectiveness in the field of community crime prevention. This volume provides an international perspective that synthesizes recent research results from the United States and other countries – including systematic reviews of large bodies of evidence – to illuminate several of the most challenging issues currently confronting police departments. It examines recent advances in research-based models of policing and the expanding base in outcome evaluation. Key areas of coverage include: Managing the nighttime economy. Supervising sex offenders. Tackling domestic/intimate partner violence. Addressing school violence and the formation of gangs. Reducing victim and witness retraction and disengagement. Responding to mental disorders, safeguarding vulnerable adults, and providing victim support. Leveraging public awareness campaigns. In addition, each chapter presents an overview of key issues within a designated area, synthesizes existing reviews, and examines the most recent research. The book clearly and concisely presents major concepts, theories, and research findings, thereby providing both conceptual and analytic tools alongside an integrated presentation of principal findings and messages. The volume concludes with a discussion of current directions in research, key developments in policing strategies, and identification of effective operational structures for facilitating and sustaining research-practice links. Evidence-Based Policing and Community Crime Prevention is a must-have resource for researchers, clinicians and other professionals, and graduate students in forensic psychology, criminology and criminal justice, public health, developmental psychology, psychotherapy and counseling, psychiatry, social work, educational policy and politics, health psychology, nursing, and behavioral therapy/rehabilitation.

Against Prediction

Against Prediction
Author: Bernard E. Harcourt
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Total Pages: 345
Release: 2008-09-15
Genre: Law
ISBN: 0226315991

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From random security checks at airports to the use of risk assessment in sentencing, actuarial methods are being used more than ever to determine whom law enforcement officials target and punish. And with the exception of racial profiling on our highways and streets, most people favor these methods because they believe they’re a more cost-effective way to fight crime. In Against Prediction, Bernard E. Harcourt challenges this growing reliance on actuarial methods. These prediction tools, he demonstrates, may in fact increase the overall amount of crime in society, depending on the relative responsiveness of the profiled populations to heightened security. They may also aggravate the difficulties that minorities already have obtaining work, education, and a better quality of life—thus perpetuating the pattern of criminal behavior. Ultimately, Harcourt shows how the perceived success of actuarial methods has begun to distort our very conception of just punishment and to obscure alternate visions of social order. In place of the actuarial, he proposes instead a turn to randomization in punishment and policing. The presumption, Harcourt concludes, should be against prediction.

Successful Police Risk Management

Successful Police Risk Management
Author: G. Patrick Gallagher
Publisher:
Total Pages: 224
Release: 2014-09-15
Genre:
ISBN: 9781483417790

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Police Technologies for Place-Based Crime Prevention

Police Technologies for Place-Based Crime Prevention
Author: Eric L Piza
Publisher: Independently Published
Total Pages: 86
Release: 2019-05-04
Genre:
ISBN: 9781096280187

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This book outlines the many ways that risk terrain modeling (RTM) can improve upon the efficiency and effectiveness of contemporary police technologies including CCTV, body-worn cameras, and gunshot detection systems. Information gathered from these technologies can also improve upon RTM analysis products and risk-based policing efforts.CONTENT: PrefaceCh 1: The Influence of Technology on PolicingCh 2: Maximizing Technology in Policing: How to Move ForwardCh 3: Crime Analysis and Place-Based PolicingCh 4: Risk Terrain Modeling, Risk-Based Policing, and Crime Control TechnologyCh 5: CCTV Video SurveillanceCh 6: Police Body-Worn CamerasCh 7: Gunshot Detection SystemsCh 8: ConclusionReference

The Rise of Big Data Policing

The Rise of Big Data Policing
Author: Andrew Guthrie Ferguson
Publisher: NYU Press
Total Pages: 267
Release: 2019-11-15
Genre: Law
ISBN: 147986997X

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Winner, 2018 Law & Legal Studies PROSE Award The consequences of big data and algorithm-driven policing and its impact on law enforcement In a high-tech command center in downtown Los Angeles, a digital map lights up with 911 calls, television monitors track breaking news stories, surveillance cameras sweep the streets, and rows of networked computers link analysts and police officers to a wealth of law enforcement intelligence. This is just a glimpse into a future where software predicts future crimes, algorithms generate virtual “most-wanted” lists, and databanks collect personal and biometric information. The Rise of Big Data Policing introduces the cutting-edge technology that is changing how the police do their jobs and shows why it is more important than ever that citizens understand the far-reaching consequences of big data surveillance as a law enforcement tool. Andrew Guthrie Ferguson reveals how these new technologies —viewed as race-neutral and objective—have been eagerly adopted by police departments hoping to distance themselves from claims of racial bias and unconstitutional practices. After a series of high-profile police shootings and federal investigations into systemic police misconduct, and in an era of law enforcement budget cutbacks, data-driven policing has been billed as a way to “turn the page” on racial bias. But behind the data are real people, and difficult questions remain about racial discrimination and the potential to distort constitutional protections. In this first book on big data policing, Ferguson offers an examination of how new technologies will alter the who, where, when and how we police. These new technologies also offer data-driven methods to improve police accountability and to remedy the underlying socio-economic risk factors that encourage crime. The Rise of Big Data Policing is a must read for anyone concerned with how technology will revolutionize law enforcement and its potential threat to the security, privacy, and constitutional rights of citizens. Read an excerpt and interview with Andrew Guthrie Ferguson in The Economist.

Proactive Policing

Proactive Policing
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 409
Release: 2018-03-23
Genre: Law
ISBN: 0309467136

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Proactive policing, as a strategic approach used by police agencies to prevent crime, is a relatively new phenomenon in the United States. It developed from a crisis in confidence in policing that began to emerge in the 1960s because of social unrest, rising crime rates, and growing skepticism regarding the effectiveness of standard approaches to policing. In response, beginning in the 1980s and 1990s, innovative police practices and policies that took a more proactive approach began to develop. This report uses the term "proactive policing" to refer to all policing strategies that have as one of their goals the prevention or reduction of crime and disorder and that are not reactive in terms of focusing primarily on uncovering ongoing crime or on investigating or responding to crimes once they have occurred. Proactive policing is distinguished from the everyday decisions of police officers to be proactive in specific situations and instead refers to a strategic decision by police agencies to use proactive police responses in a programmatic way to reduce crime. Today, proactive policing strategies are used widely in the United States. They are not isolated programs used by a select group of agencies but rather a set of ideas that have spread across the landscape of policing. Proactive Policing reviews the evidence and discusses the data and methodological gaps on: (1) the effects of different forms of proactive policing on crime; (2) whether they are applied in a discriminatory manner; (3) whether they are being used in a legal fashion; and (4) community reaction. This report offers a comprehensive evaluation of proactive policing that includes not only its crime prevention impacts but also its broader implications for justice and U.S. communities.