On the Geometry of Diffusion Operators and Stochastic Flows

On the Geometry of Diffusion Operators and Stochastic Flows
Author: K.D. Elworthy
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 121
Release: 2007-01-05
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 3540470220

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Stochastic differential equations, and Hoermander form representations of diffusion operators, can determine a linear connection associated to the underlying (sub)-Riemannian structure. This is systematically described, together with its invariants, and then exploited to discuss qualitative properties of stochastic flows, and analysis on path spaces of compact manifolds with diffusion measures. This should be useful to stochastic analysts, especially those with interests in stochastic flows, infinite dimensional analysis, or geometric analysis, and also to researchers in sub-Riemannian geometry. A basic background in differential geometry is assumed, but the construction of the connections is very direct and itself gives an intuitive and concrete introduction. Knowledge of stochastic analysis is also assumed for later chapters.

Nonsmooth Differential Geometry-An Approach Tailored for Spaces with Ricci Curvature Bounded from Below

Nonsmooth Differential Geometry-An Approach Tailored for Spaces with Ricci Curvature Bounded from Below
Author: Nicola Gigli
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
Total Pages: 174
Release: 2018-02-23
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 1470427656

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The author discusses in which sense general metric measure spaces possess a first order differential structure. Building on this, spaces with Ricci curvature bounded from below a second order calculus can be developed, permitting the author to define Hessian, covariant/exterior derivatives and Ricci curvature.

Lectures on Kähler Manifolds

Lectures on Kähler Manifolds
Author: Werner Ballmann
Publisher: European Mathematical Society
Total Pages: 190
Release: 2006
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 9783037190258

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These notes are based on lectures the author gave at the University of Bonn and the Erwin Schrodinger Institute in Vienna. The aim is to give a thorough introduction to the theory of Kahler manifolds with special emphasis on the differential geometric side of Kahler geometry. The exposition starts with a short discussion of complex manifolds and holomorphic vector bundles and a detailed account of the basic differential geometric properties of Kahler manifolds. The more advanced topics are the cohomology of Kahler manifolds, Calabi conjecture, Gromov's Kahler hyperbolic spaces, and the Kodaira embedding theorem. Some familiarity with global analysis and partial differential equations is assumed, in particular in the part on the Calabi conjecture. There are appendices on Chern-Weil theory, symmetric spaces, and $L^2$-cohomology.

Lie Groups, Lie Algebras, and Their Representations

Lie Groups, Lie Algebras, and Their Representations
Author: V.S. Varadarajan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 444
Release: 2013-04-17
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 1461211263

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This book has grown out of a set of lecture notes I had prepared for a course on Lie groups in 1966. When I lectured again on the subject in 1972, I revised the notes substantially. It is the revised version that is now appearing in book form. The theory of Lie groups plays a fundamental role in many areas of mathematics. There are a number of books on the subject currently available -most notably those of Chevalley, Jacobson, and Bourbaki-which present various aspects of the theory in great depth. However, 1 feei there is a need for a single book in English which develops both the algebraic and analytic aspects of the theory and which goes into the representation theory of semi simple Lie groups and Lie algebras in detail. This book is an attempt to fiii this need. It is my hope that this book will introduce the aspiring graduate student as well as the nonspecialist mathematician to the fundamental themes of the subject. I have made no attempt to discuss infinite-dimensional representations. This is a very active field, and a proper treatment of it would require another volume (if not more) of this size. However, the reader who wants to take up this theory will find that this book prepares him reasonably well for that task.

Strings and Geometry

Strings and Geometry
Author: Clay Mathematics Institute. Summer School
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
Total Pages: 396
Release: 2004
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 9780821837153

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Contains selection of expository and research article by lecturers at the school. Highlights current interests of researchers working at the interface between string theory and algebraic supergravity, supersymmetry, D-branes, the McKay correspondence andFourer-Mukai transform.

The Moment-Weight Inequality and the Hilbert–Mumford Criterion

The Moment-Weight Inequality and the Hilbert–Mumford Criterion
Author: Valentina Georgoulas
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 193
Release: 2022-01-01
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 3030893006

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This book provides an introduction to geometric invariant theory from a differential geometric viewpoint. It is inspired by certain infinite-dimensional analogues of geometric invariant theory that arise naturally in several different areas of geometry. The central ingredients are the moment-weight inequality relating the Mumford numerical invariants to the norm of the moment map, the negative gradient flow of the moment map squared, and the Kempf--Ness function. The exposition is essentially self-contained, except for an appeal to the Lojasiewicz gradient inequality. A broad variety of examples illustrate the theory, and five appendices cover essential topics that go beyond the basic concepts of differential geometry. The comprehensive bibliography will be a valuable resource for researchers. The book is addressed to graduate students and researchers interested in geometric invariant theory and related subjects. It will be easily accessible to readers with a basic understanding of differential geometry and does not require any knowledge of algebraic geometry.

Supergravity

Supergravity
Author: Daniel Z. Freedman
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 626
Release: 2012-04-05
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1139642855

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Supergravity, together with string theory, is one of the most significant developments in theoretical physics. Written by two of the most respected workers in the field, this is the first-ever authoritative and systematic account of supergravity. The book starts by reviewing aspects of relativistic field theory in Minkowski spacetime. After introducing the relevant ingredients of differential geometry and gravity, some basic supergravity theories (D=4 and D=11) and the main gauge theory tools are explained. In the second half of the book, complex geometry and N=1 and N=2 supergravity theories are covered. Classical solutions and a chapter on AdS/CFT complete the book. Numerous exercises and examples make it ideal for Ph.D. students, and with applications to model building, cosmology and solutions of supergravity theories, it is also invaluable to researchers. A website hosted by the authors, featuring solutions to some exercises and additional reading material, can be found at www.cambridge.org/supergravity.

An Introduction to the Kähler-Ricci Flow

An Introduction to the Kähler-Ricci Flow
Author: Sebastien Boucksom
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 342
Release: 2013-10-02
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 3319008196

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This volume collects lecture notes from courses offered at several conferences and workshops, and provides the first exposition in book form of the basic theory of the Kähler-Ricci flow and its current state-of-the-art. While several excellent books on Kähler-Einstein geometry are available, there have been no such works on the Kähler-Ricci flow. The book will serve as a valuable resource for graduate students and researchers in complex differential geometry, complex algebraic geometry and Riemannian geometry, and will hopefully foster further developments in this fascinating area of research. The Ricci flow was first introduced by R. Hamilton in the early 1980s, and is central in G. Perelman’s celebrated proof of the Poincaré conjecture. When specialized for Kähler manifolds, it becomes the Kähler-Ricci flow, and reduces to a scalar PDE (parabolic complex Monge-Ampère equation). As a spin-off of his breakthrough, G. Perelman proved the convergence of the Kähler-Ricci flow on Kähler-Einstein manifolds of positive scalar curvature (Fano manifolds). Shortly after, G. Tian and J. Song discovered a complex analogue of Perelman’s ideas: the Kähler-Ricci flow is a metric embodiment of the Minimal Model Program of the underlying manifold, and flips and divisorial contractions assume the role of Perelman’s surgeries.

Expansion in Finite Simple Groups of Lie Type

Expansion in Finite Simple Groups of Lie Type
Author: Terence Tao
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
Total Pages: 319
Release: 2015-04-16
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 1470421968

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Expander graphs are an important tool in theoretical computer science, geometric group theory, probability, and number theory. Furthermore, the techniques used to rigorously establish the expansion property of a graph draw from such diverse areas of mathematics as representation theory, algebraic geometry, and arithmetic combinatorics. This text focuses on the latter topic in the important case of Cayley graphs on finite groups of Lie type, developing tools such as Kazhdan's property (T), quasirandomness, product estimates, escape from subvarieties, and the Balog-Szemerédi-Gowers lemma. Applications to the affine sieve of Bourgain, Gamburd, and Sarnak are also given. The material is largely self-contained, with additional sections on the general theory of expanders, spectral theory, Lie theory, and the Lang-Weil bound, as well as numerous exercises and other optional material.