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| Author | : Mario Cimoli |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 540 |
| Release | : 2014 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0199660751 |
"This book analyses the impact of diverse intellectual property rights (IPR) regimes upon the development process". -- PAGE [1].
| Author | : Carsten Fink |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 360 |
| Release | : 2005 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : |
There have been significant changes in international regulation of intellectual property rights (IPR) over the past two decades. The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), developed by the World Trade Organization in the mid 1990s, sets out minimum standards of international protection. However, emerging global trends and technologies, such as bioinformatics, biotechnology and digitised media, are raising new questions about intellectual property law and how this will impact on developing countries. This publication brings together empirical research on a range of IPR issues, including international trade, foreign investment and competition to innovation and access to new technologies, which take into account the needs and capacity of developing countries.
| Author | : Carlos Primo Primo Braga |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
This paper describes changes to the environment in which developing countries make decisions with respect to IPRs, including changes brought about by the intensification of world trade in technology-dependent goods and services, and changes brought about by the evolution of technologies. It is suggested that innovation has become a more important factor for developing country economies, and that the enhancement of IPRs-related infrastructure has therefore taken on added significance for these economies, IPRs-related infrastructures that are best suited to developing country economies may be different to those that are best suited to industrialized country economies, and the authors offer a number of strategic options for developing countries. International institutions such as the World Bank may play an important role in enhancing the capacity of developing countries to take advantage of innovative activity in the industrialized countries, as well in promoting local innovation. These institutions may play the role of honest broker among countries and groups with different technology-related interests, they may create training programs for technical administrative personnel and judges, they may facilitate improvements in educational institutions that encourage innovative activity, and they may also take a lead role in advanced research on the role of IPRs in international economic development.
| Author | : Annette Kur |
| Publisher | : Edward Elgar Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 637 |
| Release | : 2011-01-01 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 1849809585 |
Intellectual Property law (IP) - particularly in relation to international trade regimes - is increasingly finding itself challenged by rapid developments in the technological and global economic landscapes. In its attempt to maintain a responsive legislative system that is interacting successfully with global trade rules, IP is having to respond to an increasing number of actors on an international level. This book examines the problems associated with this undertaking as well as suggesting possible revisions to the TRIPS agreement that would make it more relevant to the environment in which today's IP mechanisms are operating. The overall aim is to find an adequate response to the 'IP balance dilemma'. The theme is pursued throughout various topics, including a look at what this means in relation to economy in a country like China, and also considering how IP is increasingly having to reconcile itself with human rights issues.
| Author | : Carlos Alberto Primo Braga |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 80 |
| Release | : 2000 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 9780821347089 |
Over the course of history, different legal instruments for protecting intellectual property have emerged. These instruments differ in their subject matter, extent of protection, and field of application, reflecting society's objective to balance the interests of creators and consumers for different types of intellectual works. These legal instruments are just one of the pieces that form a national system of intellectual property protection. Also crucial to the system's overall effectiveness are the institutions administering these instruments, the mechanisms available for enforcing IPRs, and the rules regarding the treatment of non-nationals. To address some of the issues concerning IPRs, this paper defines what they are and attempts to evaluate the relationship between the protection of intellectual property and economic activity in developing countries. It also summarizes the economic effects of IPRs in terms of creation and diffusion of knowledge and information; and market structure and prices. Furthermore, it discusses the reformation of IPRs regimes and makes recommendations for their administration and enforcement. This paper consolidates some of the research from the 'World Development Report 1998/1999: Knowledge for Development' and some contributions made at an Internet-moderated conference conducted by the Bank's TechNet program. It will be of interest to governments, investors, and international organizations.
| Author | : J. Michael Finger |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 263 |
| Release | : 2004-01-29 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 0821383698 |
How can we help poor people earn more from their knowledge rather than from their sweat and muscle alone? This book is about increasing the earnings of poor people in poor countries from their innovation, knowledge, and creative skills. Case studies look at the African music industry; traditional crafts and ways to prevent counterfeit crafts designs; the activities of fair trade organizations; biopiracy and the commercialization of ethnobotanical knowledge; the use of intellectual property laws and other tools to protect traditional knowledge. The contributors' motivation is sometimes to maintain the art and culture of poor people, but they recognize that except in a museum setting, no traditional skill can live on unless it has a viable market. Culture and commerce more often complement than conflict in the cases reviewed here. The book calls attention to the unwritten half of the World Trade Organization's Agreement on the Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPS). TRIPS is about knowledge that industrial countries own, and which poor people buy. This book is about knowledge that poor people in poor countries generate and have to sell. It will be of interest to students and scholars of international trade and law, and to anyone with an interest in ways developing countries can find markets for cultural, intellectual, and traditional knowledge.
| Author | : Tarik H. Alami |
| Publisher | : Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research |
| Total Pages | : 9 |
| Release | : 2001-02-13 |
| Genre | : Antiques & Collectibles |
| ISBN | : |
The researchers in this study examine the issue of reforming intellectual property rights systems in developing countries through the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). The study is divided into seven main parts that discuss the nature of intellectual property rights and protection needs within the framework of TRIPS' main provisions and goals. The study also reviews the various types of intellectual property rights systems and the costs of implementing different levels of protection. This comes in addition to the benefits and economic effects of protection, as well as general policies related to intellectual property rights. In this study, the researchers sought to analyze - on one hand - the potential costs of intellectual property rights protection over the short term. On the other hand, they tried to analyze the long-term benefits, such as access to foreign direct investment, technology transfer, and growth, that might go down the drain if developing countries resist intellectual property rights protection.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2020 |
| Genre | : Intellectual property |
| ISBN | : 9789948003694 |
| Author | : Hiroyuki Odagiri |
| Publisher | : OUP Oxford |
| Total Pages | : 464 |
| Release | : 2010-04-08 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0191573450 |
For most countries, economic development involves a process of 'catching up' with leading countries at the time. This is never achieved solely by physical assets and labour alone: also needed are the accumulation of technological capabilities, educational attainment, entrepreneurship, and the development of the necessary institutional infrastructure. One element of this infrastructure is the regime of intellectual property rights (IPR), particularly patents. Patents may promote innovation and catch up, and they may foster formal technology transfer. Yet they may also prove to be barriers for developing countries that intend to acquire technologies through imitation and reverse engineering. The current move to harmonize the IPR system internationally, such as the TRIPS agreement, may thus have unexpected consequences for developing countries. This book explores these issues through an in depth study of eleven countries ranging from early developers (the USA, Nordic Countries and Japan), and Post World War 2 countries (Korea, Taiwan, Israel) to more recent emerging economies (Argentina, Brazil, China, India and Thailand). With contributions from international experts on innovation systems, this book will be an invaluable resource for academics and policymakers in the fields of economic development, innovation studies and intellectual property laws.
| Author | : Jayashree Watal |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 536 |
| Release | : 2001-02-23 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : |
Although it is common knowledge that the compliance of developing countries with the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) has become a serious stumbling block in the WTO agenda, the underlying reasons why this is so have not been dispassionately analyzed until the appearance of this book. Here, for the first time, is a thorough and secure foundation on which international trade lawyers and business people can build a global intellectual property regime that is both productive and fair. The implementation of the TRIPS regime with its enormous effect on national and global strategies for healthcare, agriculture, and the environment, among other crucial sectors of the world economy is clearly among the most critical projects currently under way in the field of international relations. As a former TRIPS negotiator for India, Jayashree Watal brings great authority to her account of the benefits and pitfalls of TRIPS compliance for developing countries. She provides a detailed understanding of how TRIPS was negotiated at the Uruguay Round, how various countries have implemented it so far, and how the WTO monitors compliance. She reveals how the WTO dispute settlement process has worked to date in matters involving TRIPS, and how it is likely to deal with new issues that arise. Most importantly, she explains how developing countries can interpret TRIPS to their best advantage, and how to ensure that the `constructive ambiguity' that characterizes the agreement remains flexible.
