RECONSTRUCTION IN MISSISSIPPI. Contents include: CHAPTER FIRST SECESSION AND CIVIL WAR I. The Rupture with the United States ...... 1 II, Waging War .......... 8 IIL Problems of Military Occupation ..... .29 IV. Political and Economic Activity during the War ... 38 CHAPTER SECOND THE TRANSITION FROM CIVIL WAR TO RECONSTRUCTION I. The Peace Sentiment ......... 61 II. The Collapse of the Confederacy ...... 56 IIL The Private Law Status during the War ..... 63 CHAPTER THIRD PRESIDENTIAL RECONSTRUCTION I. The Inauguration of the Presidential Policy in Mississippi . 76 II. The Reconstruction Convention of 1865 ..... 82 IIL Conflicts between the Civil and Military Authorities 96 IV, The Status of the Freedmen ....... 109 CHAPTER FOURTH THE ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF RECONSTRUCTION I. Economic Problems ......... 122 II. Reconstruction of the Postal and Railway Service . . .189 CHAPTER FIFTH CONGRESSIONAL RECONSTRUCTION I. The National Inquest ......... 147 II. The Reconstruction Arts ........ 166 III. Military Government Tinder Gonnal Ord ..... 161 xi FAOK IV. The Registration of the New Electorate 171 V. Party Politics in 1867 176 VI. Military Government under General Gillem ... 182 VII. The Reconstruction Convention of 1808 186 VIII. Party Politics in 1868 205 IX. The Removal of Governor Humphreys and the Appointment of General Ames 218 X. The Rejection of the Constitution 216 XI. The Mississippi Question in Congress 222 XII. Military Government under General Ames .... 228 XIII. Party Politics hi 1869. The Constitution ratiiled . .237 CHAPTER SIXTH THB FBEBDMENS BUREAU . ....... 249 CHAPTER SEVENTH THB RjffiSSTABLISHMBNT OF CXVXL GOVKBNMNT I. The Final Act of Reconstruction ...... 260 II.Readmission to the Union ........ 272 in. The Inauguration of a Civil Governor ... 1 277 IV. Reorganization under the Reconstruction Constitution CHAPTER EIGHTH THB GAMBIT-BAG I-The Election of General Ames as Civil Governor . . . 2 K II. The Inauguration of the Ames Administration 204 III. Local Government under Republican Rule . .,306 IV. State Expenditures . . . ., . f I4 V. Unpopular Legislation ... 324 VI. The Vicksburg Troubles ..... 328 CHAPTER NINTH THE KOKI DX DISXUKBANCBS IK MISSISSIPPI CHAPTER TENTH EDUCATIONAL REOOWBTBUOTION 54 CHAPTER ELEVENTH THE REVOLUTION PJLOX I. The Election Campaign of 1875 372 II. Riots and Disturbances during 1875 ...... 375 III. Preparations for War 382 IV. The Triumph of the Democracy 389 V. The Impeachment of State Officials 401 VI. The Completion of the Revolution 410 RECONSTRUCTION IN MISSISSIPPI. CHAPTER FIRST. SECESSION AND CIVIL WAR I. THE RUPTURE WITH THE UNITED STATES. IT is necessary to a correct understanding 1 of the history of the period which it is proposed to cover in this chapter to review briefly the steps leading up to the beginning of hostilities with the United States. The perpetuation and extension of the system of negro slavery, the real cause of the Civil War, was declared by the Supreme Court of Mississippi in 1837 to be a part of the public policy of the state. 1 Three years before this deci sion was made, the people of the state repudiated unequivo cally the doctrine of nullification and secession. On the 9th of June, 1884, the Democratic state convention, pre sided over by General Thomas Hinds, unanimously resolved that a constitutional right of secession from the Union, on the part of a single state as asserted by thenullifying leaders of South Carolina, is utterly unsanctioned by the Constitution, which was framed to establish, not to destroy, the Union. 2 Secession in Mississippi was nothing more than an abstract question, until the adoption by Congress of the policy of excluding slavery from the territories. What is believed to have been the first organized opposition to this policy was made by a state convention at Jackson in Octo ber, 1849...