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| Author | : David M. Hailey |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 41 |
| Release | : 1998 |
| Genre | : Bone densitometry |
| ISBN | : 9781896956114 |
| Author | : Thomas Fuerst PhD |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 432 |
| Release | : 1999-10-13 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9781853176791 |
Ultrasound is quickly becoming the technique of choice in the measurement of bone density. Proving cheaper and more portable than previous techniques, and also having the advantage of not using ionizing radiation, it is likely that the use of various ultrasound systems will become increasingly widespread in clinical practice. This book is a comprehensive review of the systems currently available, preceded by a summary of the basic science of ultrasound and concluding with a section on clinical studies, trials and experience in a number of countries. Likely future developments are also discussed, bringing the book completely up to date.
| Author | : Pascal Laugier |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 428 |
| Release | : 2022-05-05 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 303091979X |
Many significant achievements in new ultrasound technologies to measure bone and models to elucidate the interaction and the propagation of ultrasonic waves in complex bone structures have been reported over the past ten years. Impaired bone remodeling affects not only the trabecular compartment but also the cortical one. Despite the crucial contribution of the cortical structure to the whole bone mechanical competence, cortical bone was understudied for a long time. A paradigm shift occurred around 2010, with a special focus placed on the importance of cortical bone. This has sparkled a great deal of interest in new ultrasound techniques to assess cortical bone. While our book ‘Bone Quantitative Ultrasound’ published in 2011 emphasized techniques to measure trabecular bone, this new book is devoted for a large part to the technologies introduced recently to measure cortical bone. These include resonant ultrasound spectroscopy, guided waves, scattering, and pulse-echo and tomography imaging techniques. Instrumentation, signal processing techniques and models used are detailed. Importantly, the data accumulated in recent years such as anisotropic stiffness, elastic engineering moduli, compression and shear wave speeds of cortical bones from various skeletal sites are presented comprehensively. A few chapters deal with the recent developments achieved in quantitative ultrasound of trabecular bone. These include (i) scattering-based approaches and their application to measure skeletal sites such as the spine and proximal femur and (ii) approaches exploiting the poro-elastic nature of bone. While bone fragility and osteoporosis are still the main motivation for developing bone QUS, this Book also includes chapters reporting ultrasound techniques developed for other applications of high interest such as 3-D imaging of the spine, assessment of implant stability and transcranial brain imaging. This book, together with the book ‘Bone Quantitative Ultrasound’ published in 2011 will provide a comprehensive overview of the methods and principles used in bone quantitative ultrasound and will be a benchmark for all novice or experienced researchers in the field. The book will offer recent experimental results and theoretical concepts developed so far and would be intended for researchers, graduate or undergraduate students, engineers, and clinicians who are involved in the field. The book should be considered as a complement to the first book publisher in 2011, rather than a second edition, in the sense that basic notions already presented in the first book are not repeated.
| Author | : Giuseppe Guglielmi |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 203 |
| Release | : 2013-03-27 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 3642278841 |
Osteoporosis is a serious problem worldwide, and its significance is continuing to increase as the world population grows and ages. Osteoporosis and Bone Densitometry Measurements provides a comprehensive review of the latest research on this potentially devastating condition. The book encompasses prevention, diagnosis, and therapy, providing state of the art information on each aspect. A wide range of topics are discussed, including differentiation between acute and chronic, benign and malignant vertebral fractures; the value of the WHO FRAX tool in patient evaluation; the roles of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, quantitative computed tomography, quantitative ultrasound, and high-resolution imaging; and the use of kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty to treat vertebral compression fractures. All chapters are written by acknowledged experts in the field.
| Author | : Stephan Grampp |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 204 |
| Release | : 2013-06-29 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 3662052350 |
Due to the aging population in the Western world, osteoporosis has become a major problem which is of interest to several medical disciplines: not only radiologists but also gynecologists, endocrinologists, rheumatologists, and orthopedic surgeons are involved in the management of this widespread condition. Functional imaging is becoming rapidly an important area of diagnostic radiology. Imaging of osteoporosis is another application of this recent addition to the armory of radiology. It is important that radiologists should be fully aware of the range of diagnostic modalities-conventional radiologic methods, dual X-ray absorptiometry, quantitative computed tomography, quantitative ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, etc. -that are now available for the diagnosis and the follow-up of osteoporosis, and know how to apply these sophisticated methods in daily clinical practice. Dr. S. Grampp is a radiologist with a longstanding interest in osteoporosis, and his previous publications on this condition are internationally known. He has been very successful in engaging several outstandingly qualified experts to contribute to the indi vidual chapters of this superb book, which provides a omprehensive c overview of our current knowledge of osteoporosis. I am confident that this volume will meet with great interest from radiologists and all other clinicians involved in the care of patients with osteoporosis and will encounter the same success as many previous volumes in this series.
| Author | : Sydney Lou Bonnick |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 428 |
| Release | : 2007-11-10 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1592599923 |
Sydney Lou Bonnick, MD, FACP, and Lori Ann Lewis, MRT, CDT, have updated and expanded their highly praised Bone Densitometry for Technologists to reflect the latest standards and developments in the field. Here radiologic technologists, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and dedicated densitometry technologists can find new guidelines for bone density testing, new therapies for osteoporosis, and new treatment guidelines for osteoporosis, as well as new chapters on pediatric densitometry, body composition assessments, and the use of skeletal morphometry in diagnosis and fracture risk prediction.
| Author | : Tao Peng |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 172 |
| Release | : 2006 |
| Genre | : Bone densitometry |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Pascal Laugier |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 468 |
| Release | : 2010-12-01 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9789400700161 |
Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) of bone is a relatively recent research field. The research community is steadily growing, with interdisciplinary branches in acoustics, medical imaging, biomechanics, biomedical engineering, applied mathematics, bone biology and clinical sciences, resulting in significant achievements in new ultrasound technologies to measure bone, as well as models to elucidate the interaction and the propagation of ultrasonic wave in complex bone structures. Hundreds of articles published in specialists journals are accessible from the Web and from electronic libraries. However, no compilation and synthesis of the most recent and significant research exist. The only book on QUS of bone has been published in 1999 at a time when the propagation mechanisms of ultrasound in bone were still largely unknown and the technology was immature. The research community has now reached a critical size, special sessions are organized in major international meetings (e.g., at the World Congress of Biomechanics, the annual meetings of the Acoustical Society of America, International Bone Densitometry Workshop, etc...). Consequently, the time has come for a completely up to date, comprehensive review of the topic. The book will offer the most recent experimental results and theoretical concepts developed so far and is intended for researchers, graduate or undergraduate students, engineers, and clinicians who are involved in the field. The central part of the book covers the physics of ultrasound propagation in bone. Our goal is to give the reader an extensive view of the mathematical and numerical models as an aid to understand the QUS potential and the types of variables that can be determined by QUS in order to characterize bone strength. The propagation of sound in bone is still subject of intensive research. Different models have been proposed (for example, the Biot theory of poroelasticity and the theory of scattering have been used to describe wave propagation in cancellous bone, whereas propagation in cortical bone falls in the scope of guided waves theories). An extensive review of the models has not been published so far. We intend in this book to present in details the models that are used to solve the direct problem and strategies that are currently developed to address the inverse problem. This will include analytical theories and numerical approaches that have grown exponentially in recent years. Most recent experimental findings and technological developments will also be comprehensively reviewed.
| Author | : Harry K. Genant |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 562 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 3642804403 |
The diagnosis of osteoporosis and the determination of fracture risk has always been a challenge for radiologists, epidemiologists, and clinicians as well as oth er researchers and health care professionals working in the field. It is bone min eral density that is closely related to bone fragility, and the advent of techniques to quantitatively assess bone density has been welcomed. It has reduced the sub jectivity inherent to conventional radiologic assessment of osteoporosis. The on going technical process has made various techJ)iques to assess bone density wide ly available. However, these measurement techniques have also incurred some crit icism because bone densitometry has sometimes been applied without specific indications and without appropriate clinical ramifications. The purpose of this text is to provide a perspective on the current status of bone densitometry and ist relevance to osteoporosis diagnosis and management. Therefore, this book will give the reader an introduction to the nature of osteo porosis, its pathophysiology and epidemiology, and the clinical consequences of performing bone densitometry. Aside from standard bone densitometry, newer technologies such as quantitative ultrasound techniques, magnetic resonance imaging and bone structure analysis are discussed in the context of diagnosing osteoporosis.
| Author | : Emily J. Reddaway |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 32 |
| Release | : 2009 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Abstract: Osteoporosis is an acceleration of bone resorption that produces a lower total bone mass and density in the trabecular bone, being most common in older women. Bone mass is determined largely by genetic factors, as well as physical activity, diet, and hormonal status. The primary way to assess the potential for fragility fractures has always been to have a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan of the body. This is still an acceptable diagnostic measure, but not all populations can afford this. Some Hispanic women are at a disadvantage due to their low socioeconomic status and lack of resources. Little research exists to examine the bone health of this specific age or ethnic group of women. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of conducting quantitative ultrasound (QUS) screening of uninsured Hispanic women to determine low bone mass in the calcaneus. The population included in the study was a convenience sample (n=69) of women who attended a free health clinic. Upon consent, participants placed their foot on the Achilles Bone Ultrasonometer to have their bone mass evaluated with ultrasound. A series of 2 to 3 measurements were taken for each patient to ensure reproducibility. The average of the measurements was used for estimation of Stiffness Index (SI) and bone mineral density (BMD). The mean calcaneal SI and BMD Z-score (BMDz) for all 69 participants was 99.3 (SD 14.2) and 0.11 (0.87 SD), respectively. There was a strong, direct relationship between BMDz and SI values, which made for a stronger dependent variable to gauge bone mass in the calcaneus. Implications: This feasibility study was designed to establish that QUS is a feasible means for determining the bone mass in a sample of uninsured Hispanic women that attend a free clinic. This research represents the early development of a model of prediction for a sample of this population. With continued research and more rigorous studies, QUS may be established as an everyday practice to screen underprivileged populations for osteoporosis.
