The Role of Neutrinos, Strings, Gravity, and Variable Cosmological Constant in Elementary Particle Physics

The Role of Neutrinos, Strings, Gravity, and Variable Cosmological Constant in Elementary Particle Physics
Author: Behram N. Kursunogammalu
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 265
Release: 2001-09-30
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0306466465

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This volume, the proceedings of the Coral Gables Conference, held December 12-16, 2000, contains some recent developments in the theory of gravitation, and discusses, in particular, the fact that gravity, like electrodynamics, is both attractive and repulsive. This property of gravitation enables us: (1) to explain the observed expansion of the universe, and, at the same time, its increasing acceleration; (2) to clarify the reasons for the expansion of the universe, together with competing forces of repulsive quintessence and the gravitational force of ordinary matter. Furthermore, given very strong gravitational forces of black holes, particles reach high energies and copiously emit gamma rays as well as neutrinos. The fact that these gamma rays burst at cosmic regions does imply that gravity can be a source of electromagnetism. We have thus obtained an experimental fact that the two long-range forces of gravity and electricity are unified. The conference also had discussions on neutrino masses, the cosmological constant, and violation of the Lorentz invariance.

Confluence of Cosmology, Massive Neutrinos, Elementary Particles, and Gravitation

Confluence of Cosmology, Massive Neutrinos, Elementary Particles, and Gravitation
Author: Behram N. Kursunogammalu
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 249
Release: 2005-12-19
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0306470942

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Justbefore the preliminary programof Orbis Scientiae 1998 went to press the news in physics was suddenly dominated by the discovery that neutrinos are, after all, massive particles. This was predicted by some physicists including Dr. Behram Kusunoglu, who had apaper published on this subject in 1976 in the Physical Review. Massive neutrinos do not necessarily simplify the physics of elementary particles but they do give elementary particle physics a new direction. If the dark matter content ofthe universe turns out to consist ofneutrinos, the fact that they are massive should make an impact on cosmology. Some of the papers in this volume have attempted to provide answers to these questions. We have a long way to go before we find the real reasons for nature’s creation of neutrinos. Another neutrino-related event was the passing of their discoverer, Fredrick Reines: The trustees of the Global Foundation, members of the Orbis Scientiae 1998, dedicate this conference to Fredrick Reines of the University of California at Irvine. The late Professor Reines was a loyal and active member of these series of conferences on the frontiers of physics and cosmology since 1964. He also sewed as one of the trustees of the Global Foundation for the past three years. Professor Reines discovered the most elusive particle, the neutrino, in 1954. We are proud to say that we recognized the importance of this discovery by awarding him the J.

Neutrino Physics

Neutrino Physics
Author: Kai Zuber
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 455
Release: 2003-11-14
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1420033875

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Neutrino physics remains one of the most exciting fields of fundamental physics today. The neutrino's position at the intersection of particle physics, astrophysics, and nuclear physics ensures continuing interest in the subject. Major activities at accelerators like Fermilab, KEK and CERN, in addition to underground facilities like Gran Sasso, Kamioka and Sudbury, continue to enhance our understanding of the origins and properties of neutrinos, and their implications for the Standard Model and cosmology. Neutrino Physics provides an up to date and comprehensive introduction to the subject as well as an invaluable resource for researchers in physics and astrophysics. Starting with a brief historical overview the author proceeds to review fundamental neutrino properties, the neutrino mass question, and their place within and beyond the Standard Model. The final chapters examine the role of neutrinos in modern astroparticle physics, cosmology and the dark matter problem. The book concludes with a summary of the current status of neutrino physics and the implications of recent results. Written to be accessible to readers from different backgrounds in nuclear, particle or astrophysics and with a detailed reference list, this title will be essential for any researcher or advanced student who needs to understand modern neutrino physics.

Neutrino Physics

Neutrino Physics
Author: E. Bellotti
Publisher: IOS Press
Total Pages: 321
Release: 2003-12-08
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1614990085

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Neutrino physics contributed in an fundamental way to the progress of science, opening important windows of knowledge in elementary particle physics, as well in astrophysics and cosmology. Substantial experimental efforts are presently dedicated to improve our knowledge on neutrino properties as, in fact, we don't know yet some of the basic ones. Although very significant steps forward have been done, neutrino masses and mixings still remain largely unknown and constitute an important field for future research. Are neutrinos Majorana or Dirac particles? Have they a magnetic moment? Historically, studies on weak processes and, therefore, on neutrino physics, provided first the Fermi theory of weak interactions and then the V-A theory. Finally, the observation of weak neutral currents provided the first experimental evidence for unification of weak and electromagnetic interactions by the so called "Standard Model' of elementary particles. In addition to the results obtained from the measurement of the solar neutrino flux, the study of atmospheric neutrinos strongly supports the hypothesis of neutrino oscillation among different flavours. At the same time, the detection of neutrinos emitted by our Sun gave an important confirmation that the Sun produces energy via a chain of nuclear reactions; in particular in our Sun a specific cycle - the hydrogen cycle - is responsible for practically all the produced energy.

Cosmic Radiations: From Astronomy to Particle Physics

Cosmic Radiations: From Astronomy to Particle Physics
Author: Giorgio Giacomelli
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 360
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9401006342

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Non-accelerator particle physicists, especially those studying neutrino oscillation experiments, will read with profit the in-depth discussions of new results and their interpretations. new guidelines are also set out for new developments in this and related fields. Discussions are presented of neutrino oscillations, neutrino astronomy, high energy cosmic rays, gravitational waves, magnetic monopoles and dark matter. The future large-scale research projects discussed include the experiments on long baseline neutrino beams from CERN to Gran Sasso and Fermilab to the Soudan mine; large underwater and under-ice experiments; the highest energy cosmic rays; gravitational waves; and the search for new particles and new phenomena.