Predicting Financial Risk Taking Behavior

Predicting Financial Risk Taking Behavior
Author: John Grable
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2019
Genre:
ISBN:

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The purpose of this study was to compare and contrast the predictive validity of risk tolerance questionnaires. The tested questionnaires represented measures derived from economic and psychometric theory. It was determined that questionnaires based on economic theory had similar predictive power, implying that both measures provided some degree of reliability across measures. Only the psychometric theory-based risk tolerance measure was found to be correlated to other indicators of risk tolerance. Specifically, scores on the psychometric scale were correlated with knowledge of casino games, the likelihood of gambling, financial decision making experience, and investing knowledge, as well as participant holdings of cash and equities. A key finding from this study is that the psychometric questionnaire was the only measure to predict who was more likely to participate in a risk taking game where the outcomes of the game were unknown and potentially negative. Results from this exploratory study suggest that a questionnaire developed using psychometric theory appears to offer superior predictive ability of financial risk taking, at least when compared across the measurement techniques examined in this study.

Financial Risk Tolerance: A Psychometric Review

Financial Risk Tolerance: A Psychometric Review
Author: John E. Grable
Publisher: CFA Institute Research Foundation
Total Pages: 27
Release: 2017-06-30
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1944960201

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This content provides financial analysts, investment professionals, and financial planners with a review of how financial risk-tolerance tests can and should be evaluated. It begins by clarifying terms related to risk taking and is followed by a broad overview of two important measurement terms: validity and reliability. It concludes with examples for practice.

The Psychology of Risk Taking Behavior

The Psychology of Risk Taking Behavior
Author: R.M. Trimpop
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 413
Release: 1994-04-28
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 0080867618

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This book aims to help the reader to understand what motivates people to engage in risk taking behavior, such as participating in traffic, sports, financial investments, or courtship. The consequences of risk taking may be positive, or result in accidents and injuries, especially in traffic. The wealth of studies and theories (about 1000 references) is used to offer a cohesive, holistic view of risk motivation. The risk motivation theory is a dynamic state-trait model incorporating physiological, emotional and cognitive components of risk perception, processing and planning. If a deficit exists between desired and perceived risk, risk compensation behavior results. A feedback loop provides new information for the next perception-motivation-behavior process. Assumptions were tested and support was found with 120 subjects in a longitudinal study. The concepts and findings are discussed in relation to psychological theories and their meaning for our daily lives.

Financial Risk Taking

Financial Risk Taking
Author: Mike Elvin
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 294
Release: 2006-02-08
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0470020725

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In Financial Risk Taking, trader and psychologist Mike Elvin explores the complex relationship between human behaviour patterns and the markets, offering the reader a context in which to assess their own strengths and weaknesses as investors. The book offers an apposite and uncomplicated system of skills development in the form of competences and competencies that can be applied anywhere along the continuum from casual investor to full-time day trader. Elvin presents a Comprehensive Model of Trading Competence (the MOT) as well as the concepts of analysis and refutation, the paramouncy principle, and self-sabotaging behaviours such as the Santa Claus syndrome and Bohica effect. Areas covered include: Emotions - are they functional or disabling? How do the mechanisms of fear, greed and panic work? Motivation and perception - how do belief paradigms affect perception and performance? What perceptual errors influence decisions to the trader's detriment? Information processing and risk assessment - how does information overload affect Stress How does stress affect investment decisions? Technological and mathematical anxiety - why do we avoid learning the skills we most need? What levels of ability are required? Can psychological and biological theories assist in our understanding of investors' performance?

Financial Risk Forecasting

Financial Risk Forecasting
Author: Jon Danielsson
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 307
Release: 2011-04-20
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1119977118

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Financial Risk Forecasting is a complete introduction to practical quantitative risk management, with a focus on market risk. Derived from the authors teaching notes and years spent training practitioners in risk management techniques, it brings together the three key disciplines of finance, statistics and modeling (programming), to provide a thorough grounding in risk management techniques. Written by renowned risk expert Jon Danielsson, the book begins with an introduction to financial markets and market prices, volatility clusters, fat tails and nonlinear dependence. It then goes on to present volatility forecasting with both univatiate and multivatiate methods, discussing the various methods used by industry, with a special focus on the GARCH family of models. The evaluation of the quality of forecasts is discussed in detail. Next, the main concepts in risk and models to forecast risk are discussed, especially volatility, value-at-risk and expected shortfall. The focus is both on risk in basic assets such as stocks and foreign exchange, but also calculations of risk in bonds and options, with analytical methods such as delta-normal VaR and duration-normal VaR and Monte Carlo simulation. The book then moves on to the evaluation of risk models with methods like backtesting, followed by a discussion on stress testing. The book concludes by focussing on the forecasting of risk in very large and uncommon events with extreme value theory and considering the underlying assumptions behind almost every risk model in practical use – that risk is exogenous – and what happens when those assumptions are violated. Every method presented brings together theoretical discussion and derivation of key equations and a discussion of issues in practical implementation. Each method is implemented in both MATLAB and R, two of the most commonly used mathematical programming languages for risk forecasting with which the reader can implement the models illustrated in the book. The book includes four appendices. The first introduces basic concepts in statistics and financial time series referred to throughout the book. The second and third introduce R and MATLAB, providing a discussion of the basic implementation of the software packages. And the final looks at the concept of maximum likelihood, especially issues in implementation and testing. The book is accompanied by a website - www.financialriskforecasting.com – which features downloadable code as used in the book.

Influence of Urgency on Financial Risk-Taking Behavior of Individual Investors

Influence of Urgency on Financial Risk-Taking Behavior of Individual Investors
Author: Pragati Hemrajani
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2018
Genre:
ISBN:

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This paper empirically examines whether unobserved variable (urgency) is capable of influencing individual investors' financial risk-taking behavior. It further aims to explore the causal relationship from urgency through financial risk tolerance to financial risk-taking behavior. Based on the review of previous studies, two conceptual frameworks (direct effect and indirect effect) followed by a set of hypotheses were developed. A survey was conducted among individual investors (N = 90) with various levels of investment experience, through a structured questionnaire followed by data analysis using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results were found to be significant when examined for both direct and causal pathways thereby suggesting the need for more research aimed at examining the effects of these unobserved variables on financial risk-taking behavior of individuals.

Risk Profiling through a Behavioral Finance Lens

Risk Profiling through a Behavioral Finance Lens
Author: Michael Pompian
Publisher: CFA Institute Research Foundation
Total Pages: 58
Release: 2016-03-03
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 193466782X

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This piece examines risk profiling through a behavioral finance lens. Behavioral finance attempts to understand and explain actual investor behavior, in contrast to theorizing about investor behavior. It differs from traditional (or standard) finance, which is based on assumptions of how investors and markets should behave. Much has been written about the tension that exists between the willingness to take risk and the ability to take risk. Risk appetite is the willingness to take risk and risk capacity is the ability to take risk. In the behavioral context, risk appetite and risk capacity are defined in terms of known risks and unknown risks. Irrational client behavior often occurs when a client experiences unknown risks. To aid in the advisory process, advisors can use Behavioral Investor Types to help make rapid yet insightful assessments of what type of investor they are dealing with before recommending an investment plan. With a better understanding of behavioral finance vis-à-vis risk taking, practitioners can enhance their understanding of client preferences and better inform their recommendations of investment strategies and products.

Risk Profiling and Tolerance: Insights for the Private Wealth Manager

Risk Profiling and Tolerance: Insights for the Private Wealth Manager
Author: Joachim Klement
Publisher: CFA Institute Research Foundation
Total Pages: 150
Release: 2018-05-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1944960473

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If risk aversion and willingness to take on risk are driven by emotions and we as humans are bad at correctly identifying them, the finance profession has a serious challenge at hand—how to reliably identify the individual risk profile of a retail investor or high-net-worth individual. In this series of CFA Institute Research Foundation briefs, we have asked academics and practitioners to summarize the current state of knowledge about risk profiling in different key areas.

Financial Risk Management and Modeling

Financial Risk Management and Modeling
Author: Constantin Zopounidis
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 480
Release: 2021-09-13
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 3030666913

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Risk is the main source of uncertainty for investors, debtholders, corporate managers and other stakeholders. For all these actors, it is vital to focus on identifying and managing risk before making decisions. The success of their businesses depends on the relevance of their decisions and consequently, on their ability to manage and deal with the different types of risk. Accordingly, the main objective of this book is to promote scientific research in the different areas of risk management, aiming at being transversal and dealing with different aspects of risk management related to corporate finance as well as market finance. Thus, this book should provide useful insights for academics as well as professionals to better understand and assess the different types of risk.