Predator-Prey Interactions in the Fossil Record

Predator-Prey Interactions in the Fossil Record
Author: Patricia H. Kelley
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 488
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 146150161X

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From the Foreword: "Predator-prey interactions are among the most significant of all organism-organism interactions....It will only be by compiling and evaluating data on predator-prey relations as they are recorded in the fossil record that we can hope to tease apart their role in the tangled web of evolutionary interaction over time. This volume, compiled by a group of expert specialists on the evidence of predator-prey interactions in the fossil record, is a pioneering effort to collate the information now accumulating in this important field. It will be a standard reference on which future study of one of the central dynamics of ecology as seen in the fossil record will be built." (Richard K. Bambach, Professor Emeritus, Virginia Tech, Associate of the Botanical Museum, Harvard University)

Current Developments in Bioerosion

Current Developments in Bioerosion
Author: Max Wisshak
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 501
Release: 2008-06-02
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3540775978

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It has become apparent from the literature that bioerosional processes affect a wide range of biological and geological systems that cross many disciplines among the sciences. This book is dedicated to crossing those traditional disciplinary boundaries to present a united and current perspective on the pattern and process of bioerosion. The book opens with papers on the evolutionary significance of bioerosion. It concludes with a primer on the bioerosion bibliography website.

Predator-Prey Ecology

Predator-Prey Ecology
Author: DENNIS L.. BOUTIN MURRAY (DR STAN.)
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
Total Pages: 320
Release: 2014-09-26
Genre:
ISBN: 9781444350067

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Echinoderm Paleobiology

Echinoderm Paleobiology
Author: William I. Ausich
Publisher: Indiana University Press
Total Pages: 474
Release: 2008-07-18
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0253351286

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The dominant faunal elements in shallow Paleozoic oceans, echinoderms are important to understanding these marine ecosystems. Echinoderms (which include such animals as sea stars, crinoids or sea lilies, sea urchins, sand dollars, and sea cucumbers) have left a rich and, for science, extremely useful fossil record. For various reasons, they provide the ideal source for answers to the questions that will help us develop a more complete understanding of global environmental and biodiversity changes. This volume highlights the modern study of fossil echinoderms and is organized into five parts: echinoderm paleoecology, functional morphology, and paleoecology; evolutionary paleoecology; morphology for refined phylogenetic studies; innovative applications of data encoded in echinoderms; and information on new crinoid data sets.

The Carnivorous Dinosaurs

The Carnivorous Dinosaurs
Author: Kenneth Carpenter
Publisher: Indiana University Press
Total Pages: 402
Release: 2005-07-07
Genre: Nature
ISBN: 9780253345394

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The meat-eating dinosaurs, or Theropoda, include some of the fiercest predators that ever lived. Some of the group's members survive to this day—as birds. The theropod/bird connection has been explored in several recent works, but this book presents 17 papers on a variety of other topics. It is organized into three parts. Part I explores morphological details that are important for understanding theropod systematics. Part II focuses on specific regions of theropod anatomy and biomechanics. Part III examines various lines of evidence that reveal something about theropods as living creatures. The contributors are Ronan Allain, Rinchen Barsbold, Kenneth Carpenter, Karen Cloward, Rodolfo A. Coria, Philip J. Currie, Peter M. Galton, Robert Gay, Donald M. Henderson, Dong Huang, James I. Kirkland, Yoshitsugu Kobayashi, Eva B. Koppelhus, Peter Larson, Junchang Lü, Lorrie A. McWhinney, Clifford Miles, Ralph E. Molnar, N. Murphy, John H. Ostrom, Gregory S. Paul, Licheng Qiu,J. Keith Rigby, Jr., Bruce Rothschild, Christopher B. Ruff, Leonardo Salgado, Frank Sanders, Julia T. Sankey, Judith A. Schiebout, David K. Smith, Barbara R. Standhardt, Kathy Stokosa, Darren H. Tanke, François Therrien, David Trexler, Kelly Wicks, Douglas G. Wolfe, and Lowell Wood.

Assessing the Potential Use of Microtraces of Gastropod Predation as a Diagnostic for Predator-prey Interactions in the Fossil Record

Assessing the Potential Use of Microtraces of Gastropod Predation as a Diagnostic for Predator-prey Interactions in the Fossil Record
Author: Whitney Lapic
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2018
Genre:
ISBN:

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Predatory gastropods have left signs of boring predation in the fossil record as early as the Cambrian (McMenamin and Schulte McMenamin, 1990; putative Proterozoic examples [e.g., Bengtson and Zhao, 1992] remain controversial). Through studying drill holes in prey, we can better understand predator-prey interactions in marine communities. It has been proposed that further study of the interior of drill holes yields microtraces left by the radular teeth during the drilling process (Schiffbauer et al., 2008; Tyler and Schiffbauer, 2012). The pattern and orientation of the traces can be used to associate predator with prey and act as a diagnostic feature to identify the predator. Trace fossils can provide great insight into past environments, but only when they are well preserved. Through assessing one hundred and eighty drill holes using scanning electron microscopy, I provide here evidence suggesting the limited presence of predatory microtraces. Interpreting shell deterioration and extrapolating the observed degradation of modern specimens to hypothetical paleoenvironments suggests that preservation of such minute traces would be poor and would thus negate the purpose of creating such a diagnostic. Additionally, the current understanding of the drilling process suggests that the preservation of microtraces within the drill hole margins is an infrequent occurrence. This may be due to the fact that before utilizing their radular teeth, predatory gastropods deploy secretions from the accessory boring organ (ABO) to break down the shell surface, lessening the preservation potential of predatory microtraces (Carriker, 1969). This study has discovered porcellaneous rims surrounding the drill holes in the Miocene Saxolucina. Further study into these rims may provide additional insight into the drilling strategy of naticid gastropods.

Avoiding Attack

Avoiding Attack
Author: Graeme D. Ruxton
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Total Pages: 262
Release: 2004-10-21
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0198528590

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This book discusses the evolution of the mechanisms by which prey avoid attack by their potential predators and questions how such defences are maintained through natural selection. Topics covered include camouflage, warning signals and mimicry.

The Study of Trace Fossils

The Study of Trace Fossils
Author: R.W. Frey
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 564
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3642659233

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In 1971 I published a review of ichnology other concentrating only on traces made (Houston AAPG: SEPM Trace Fossil Field by a certain group of organisms, regardless Trip Guidebook) that I thought could be of their setting. Nevertheless, needless re dundancy has hopefully been eliminated. expanded rather easily into a worthwhile Some of the chapters are more special book on the subject. I probed that possi ized than others (because of the nature of bility for a while, thinking that I would particular topics); hence, these may be write the book myself. As I began to out somewhat less familiar or "comprehensible" line the chapters in more detail, however, than others-depending upon the reader's it soon became apparent that my personal own interests and background. Other dif knowledge of too many facets of ichnology ferences in the scope and content of vari scraped bottom all too soon. I quickly de ous chapters stem from the simple fact cided that a better book could be produced that a considerably greater backlog of pre by soliciting specific contributions from vious work is available in certain facets of other workers who, collectively, had first ichnology than in others. But we hope hand experience with virtually every aspect that all of the chapters will prove to be use of the field. That became the actual plan, ful to anyone wishing to delve 'into them. the result of which is this book.

Evolutionary Paleobiology of Behavior and Coevolution

Evolutionary Paleobiology of Behavior and Coevolution
Author: A.J. Boucot
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 750
Release: 2013-10-22
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1483290816

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This book is the culmination of many years of research by a scientist renowned for his work in this field. It contains a compilation of the data dealing with the known stratigraphic ranges of varied behaviors, chiefly animal with a few plant and fungal, and coevolved relations. A significant part of the data consists of ``frozen behavior'', i.e. those in which an organism has been preserved while actually ``doing'' something, as contrasted with the interpretations of behavior of an organism deduced from functional morphology, important as the latter may be. The conclusions drawn from this compilation suggest that both behaviors and coevolved relations appear infrequently, following which there is relative fixity of the relation, i.e., two rates of evolution, very rapid and essentially zero. This conclusion complies well with the author's prior conclusion that community evolution followed the same rate pattern. In fact, communities are regarded here, as in large part, expressions of both behavior and coevolved relations, rather than as random aggregates controlled almost wholly by varied, unrelated physical parameters tracked by organisms, i.e., the concept that communities have no biologic reality, being merely statistical abstractions. The book is illustrated throughout with more than 400 photographs and drawings. It will be of interest to ethologists, evolutionists, parasitologists, paleontologists, and palaeobiologists at research and post-graduate levels.

The Evolution and Fossil Record of Parasitism

The Evolution and Fossil Record of Parasitism
Author: Kenneth De Baets
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 487
Release: 2022-01-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3030522334

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This two-volume edited book highlights and reviews the potential of the fossil record to calibrate the origin and evolution of parasitism, and the techniques to understand the development of parasite-host associations and their relationships with environmental and ecological changes. The book deploys a broad and comprehensive approach, aimed at understanding the origins and developments of various parasite groups, in order to provide a wider evolutionary picture of parasitism as part of biodiversity. This is in contrast to most contributions by parasitologists in the literature that focus on circular lines of evidence, such as extrapolating from current host associations or distributions, to estimate constraints on the timing of the origin and evolution of various parasite groups. This approach is narrow and fails to provide the wider evolutionary picture of parasitism on, and as part of, biodiversity. Volume two focuses on the importance of direct host associations and host responses such as pathologies in the geological record to constrain the role of antagonistic interactions in driving the diversification and extinction of parasite-host relationships and disease. To better understand the impact on host populations, emphasis is given to arthropods, colonial metazoans, echinoderms, mollusks and vertebrates as hosts. In addition, novel techniques used to constrain interactions in deep time are discussed ranging from chemical and microscopic investigations of host remains, such as blood and coprolites, to the statistical inference of lateral transfer of transposons and host-parasite coevolutionary dynamics using molecular divergence time estimation.