Population Dynamics of White-footed Mice (Peromyscus Leucopus) in a Tornado-impacted Forest in Southern Illinois

Population Dynamics of White-footed Mice (Peromyscus Leucopus) in a Tornado-impacted Forest in Southern Illinois
Author: Leslie B. Rodman
Publisher:
Total Pages: 62
Release: 2008
Genre:
ISBN:

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White-footed mice ( Peromyscus leucopus ) are one of the most prevalent species in deciduous forest ecosystems in eastern United States and depend on coarse woody debris (CWD) for travel routes, nesting areas, shelter, and a stable thermal environment. In May 2003 an F4 tornado with wind speeds ranging from 330-416 km/h traveled through Mermet Lake Conservation Area (MLCA) in southern Illinois and impacted 166 ha of forest by uprooting and splintering trees. My objective was to compare the population dynamics of white-footed mice in disturbed and undisturbed habitats. Three transects (B-undisturbed, C-disturbed/unsalvaged, and D-disturbed/salvaged) were sampled once a month from October 2004-October 2005. A fourth transect (E-undisturbed/burn) was sampled once a month from December 2004-October 2005. Five-hundred forty-seven individual white-footed mice were captured 1355 times at MLCA. They composed 77.9% of the 702 individual small mammals captured during 8454 trap nights, and were the only species with a large enough sample size to be included in the analyses. Minimum number known alive enumeration method indicated that most of the white-footed mice captured during the 2004-2005 trapping period were located within the tornado-disturbed transects. Overall, population measures on all four transects peaked during November 2004 through January 2005, then began to decrease toward the end of the trapping period. The numbers of white-footed mice captured on disturbed transects were an order of magnitude greater than on the undisturbed transects. Repeated measures ANOVA indicated the undisturbed and disturbed sites were significantly different in their monthly abundance estimates (F=39.25, df=1,2, P=0.0245). There was a highly significant time effect (F=9.13, df=12,22, P

Ecological Dynamics of Tick-Borne Zoonoses

Ecological Dynamics of Tick-Borne Zoonoses
Author: Daniel E. Sonenshine
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 464
Release: 1994-10-20
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0195360923

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The ecological relationships found to exist between tick vectors and pathogens in their zootic cycle can profoundly influence patterns of transmission and disease for humans and domestic animals. This book examines the ecological parameters affecting the conservation and regulation of tick-borne zoonoses as well as the geographic and seasonal distributions of those infections. Written by an eminent authority on the subject, the book will be sought after by students and researchers in ecology, invertebrate zoology, parasitology, entomology, public health, and epidemiology.

The Effect of Stress Level and Parasite Load on the Movement Pattern of the White-footed Mouse Within a Fragmented Landscape

The Effect of Stress Level and Parasite Load on the Movement Pattern of the White-footed Mouse Within a Fragmented Landscape
Author: Jorge Gaitan Camacho
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2015
Genre:
ISBN:

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"Lyme disease is an infectious zoonotic disease caused by the spirochete bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. In North America, it has a number of vertebrate hosts including the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus). The disease is transmitted to other vertebrates, including humans, through the bite of an infected black-legged tick (Ixodes scapularis). In recent years there has been an increase in the incidence of Borrelia burgdorferi in southern Quebec, coinciding with the range expansion of the white-footed mouse and the black-legged tick in the region. This increasing distribution of reservoir and vector will undoubtedly favour the emergence and spread of Lyme disease in the parts of the province where they both become more abundant. As a generalist species, the white-footed mouse is favoured in fragmented landscapes like the Monteregie area, where it has been displacing the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus), its local competitor. In this region we evaluated the effects of stress level, parasite load and some forest patch characteristics on white-footed mouse movement patterns. We found a negative effect of the adrenal gland size, a proxy for stress level, on the home range area and the movement rate of mouse individuals, suggesting that stressed mice cannot defend large home ranges. White-footed mouse population densities had a negative effect on the home range area and on the movement rate, consistent with higher competition rates and conflict avoidance behaviours in these sites. Population density also influenced the excursion (outside the forest patch) and exploration (outside the home range) rates, either directly or indirectly through its effect on home range area and movement rate. Finally, we found that the load of ticks had a negative effect on movement rate. P. leucopus densities and stress levels are good predictors of the movement patterns in this species and can be used to better understand its dispersal dynamics at the front of its distribution range. This will contribute to better predict the rate and pattern of Lyme disease expansion and identify high-risk areas for the disease." --

Genetic Structure of the White-footed Mouse in the Context of the Emergence of Lyme Disease in Southern Quebec

Genetic Structure of the White-footed Mouse in the Context of the Emergence of Lyme Disease in Southern Quebec
Author: Anita Rogic
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2013
Genre:
ISBN:

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"The white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) has expanded its northern limit into southern Québec over the last few decades. P. leucopus is a great disperser and colonizer and is of particular interest due to its link to human health: it is considered one of the primary reservoirs for the spirochete bacterium that causes Lyme disease in humans. There is no current information on whether the mice are establishing successful populations on the mountains and forest fragments found scattered throughout the Montérégie region, what the genetic flow is between these habitable sites, and whether various landscape barriers (i.e. agricultural fields, highways and main water bodies) have an effect on their dispersal. We conducted a population genetics analysis on 11 populations using 11 microsatellite markers to identify the processes that account for the current level and distribution of their genetic variation. Tick data was collected at each site as well to provide insight on the spread of the disease. Geographic distance had little effect on the overall genetic structure of the populations, but barriers were effective. Agricultural matrices had the weakest barrier effect on dispersal, highways slowed down dispersal but were not absolute barriers, and main rivers were strong dispersal barriers. The abundance of ticks collected on mice varied within the study area and we predicted areas of greater risk for Lyme disease. Our results are pertinent to merge with ongoing Lyme disease surveillance programs in Québec to help determine the future threat of this disease in the province, and to contribute towards disease prevention and management strategies throughout fragmented landscapes in southern Canada." --

Infectious Disease Ecology

Infectious Disease Ecology
Author: Richard S. Ostfeld
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Total Pages: 521
Release: 2010-12-16
Genre: Science
ISBN: 140083788X

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News headlines are forever reporting diseases that take huge tolls on humans, wildlife, domestic animals, and both cultivated and native plants worldwide. These diseases can also completely transform the ecosystems that feed us and provide us with other critical benefits, from flood control to water purification. And yet diseases sometimes serve to maintain the structure and function of the ecosystems on which humans depend. Gathering thirteen essays by forty leading experts who convened at the Cary Conference at the Institute of Ecosystem Studies in 2005, this book develops an integrated framework for understanding where these diseases come from, what ecological factors influence their impacts, and how they in turn influence ecosystem dynamics. It marks the first comprehensive and in-depth exploration of the rich and complex linkages between ecology and disease, and provides conceptual underpinnings to understand and ameliorate epidemics. It also sheds light on the roles that diseases play in ecosystems, bringing vital new insights to landscape management issues in particular. While the ecological context is a key piece of the puzzle, effective control and understanding of diseases requires the interaction of professionals in medicine, epidemiology, veterinary medicine, forestry, agriculture, and ecology. The essential resource on the subject, Infectious Disease Ecology seeks to bridge these fields with an ecological approach that focuses on systems thinking and complex interactions.