Poly (para-phenylenevinylene) (PPV), and its derivatives such as poly [2-methoxy, 5-(2'-ethyl-hexoxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV), are typical conjugated polymers. In order to implement conjugated polymers into processable electronics technologies, we must first understand their complex photophysical properties as their efficiencies depend on the balance between exciton recombination and charge carrier formation. The inherent complexities of these materials arise from entanglement of the pi-electron system with disorder and nuclear motions of the polymer backbone. This disorder breaks the polymer chain into conformational subunits which can couple, giving rise to a set of delocalized states formed by Coulombic interactions between proximate subunits. Characteristics of PPVs include high quantum yields, non-mirror image absorption and fluorescence line shapes, and large apparent Stokes' shifts. These properties are discussed in the context of the relationships between polymer conformation, electronic structure, coupling, disorder and polymer photophysics.These important influences are often manifest in the dynamics of what happens after photoexcitation. In this work, we present 3-pulse photon echo peak shift (3PEPS) studies of conjugated polymers in both solution and film. To elucidate timescales characteristic of relaxation processes, we have simulated the 3PEPS data simultaneously with absorption and fluorescence, observing a rapid localization of the exciton in the initial ∼ 20 fs. Additional contributions to the decay of the peakshift are discussed. We also present transient anisotropy data for PPV polymers and oligomers which is compared to dynamics simulation for isolated chains of PPVs. This work demonstrates the influence of microscopic structure on ultrafast dynamics. We show that relaxation between exciton states can lead to rapid depolarization of the anisotropy, even though the spatial extent of exciton migration may be small. Generally, the connection between conformation and electronic structure is a theme throughout this thesis.