Characterization of Quantum States of Light

Characterization of Quantum States of Light
Author: Rob Adamson
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2009
Genre:
ISBN: 9780494677353
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I present a series of experimental and theoretical advances in the field of quantum state estimation. Techniques for measuring the quantum state of light that were originally developed for distinguishable photons fail when the particles are indistinguishable. I develop new methods for handling indistinguishability in quantum state estimation. The technique I present provides the first complete description of states of experimentally indistinguishable photons. It allows me to derive the number of parameters needed to describe an arbitrary state and to quantify distinguishability. I demonstrate its use by applying it to the measurement of the quantum polarization state of two and three-photon systems. State characterization is optimal when no redundant information is collected about the state of the system. I present the results of the first optimal characterization of the polarization state of a two-photon system. I show an improved estimation power over the previous state of the art. I also show how the optimal measurements lead to a new description of the quantum state in terms of a discrete Wigner function. It is often desirable to describe the quantum state of a system in terms of properties that are not themselves quantum-mechanical observables. This usually requires a full characterization of the state followed by a calculation of the properties from the parameters characterizing the state. I apply a technique that allows such properties to be determined directly, without a full characterization of the state. This allows one such property, the purity, to be determined in a single measurement, regardless of the size of the system, while the conventional method of determining purity requires a number of measurements that scales exponentially with the system size.

Characterization of Quantum States of Light

Characterization of Quantum States of Light
Author: Rob Adamson
Publisher:
Total Pages: 426
Release: 2009
Genre:
ISBN: 9780494677353
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I present a series of experimental and theoretical advances in the field of quantum state estimation. Techniques for measuring the quantum state of light that were originally developed for distinguishable photons fail when the particles are indistinguishable. I develop new methods for handling indistinguishability in quantum state estimation. The technique I present provides the first complete description of states of experimentally indistinguishable photons. It allows me to derive the number of parameters needed to describe an arbitrary state and to quantify distinguishability. I demonstrate its use by applying it to the measurement of the quantum polarization state of two and three-photon systems.State characterization is optimal when no redundant information is collected about the state of the system. I present the results of the first optimal characterization of the polarization state of a two-photon system. I show an improved estimation power over the previous state of the art. I also show how the optimal measurements lead to a new description of the quantum state in terms of a discrete Wigner function.It is often desirable to describe the quantum state of a system in terms of properties that are not themselves quantum-mechanical observables. This usually requires a full characterization of the state followed by a calculation of the properties from the parameters characterizing the state. I apply a technique that allows such properties to be determined directly, without a full characterization of the state. This allows one such property, the purity, to be determined in a single measurement, regardless of the size of the system, while the conventional method of determining purity requires a number of measurements that scales exponentially with the system size.

Quantum State Estimation

Quantum State Estimation
Author: Matteo Paris
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 548
Release: 2004-08-11
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9783540223290
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This book is a comprehensive survey of most of the theoretical and experimental achievements in the field of quantum estimation of states and operations. Albeit still quite young, this field has already been recognized as a necessary tool for research in quantum optics and quantum information, beyond being a fascinating subject in its own right since it touches upon the conceptual foundations of quantum mechanics. The book consists of twelve extensive lectures that are essentially self-contained and modular, allowing combination of various chapters as a basis for advanced courses and seminars on theoretical or experimental aspects. The last two chapters, for instance, form a self-contained exposition on quantum discrimination problems. The book will benefit graduate students and newcomers to the field as a high-level but accessible textbook, lecturers in search for advanced course material and researchers wishing to consult a modern and authoritative source of reference.

Superconducting Devices in Quantum Optics

Superconducting Devices in Quantum Optics
Author: Robert Hadfield
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 256
Release: 2016-02-29
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3319240919
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This book presents the basics and applications of superconducting devices in quantum optics. Over the past decade, superconducting devices have risen to prominence in the arena of quantum optics and quantum information processing. Superconducting detectors provide unparalleled performance for the detection of infrared photons in quantum cryptography, enable fundamental advances in quantum optics, and provide a direct route to on-chip optical quantum information processing. Superconducting circuits based on Josephson junctions provide a blueprint for scalable quantum information processing as well as opening up a new regime for quantum optics at microwave wavelengths. The new field of quantum acoustics allows the state of a superconducting qubit to be transmitted as a phonon excitation. This volume, edited by two leading researchers, provides a timely compilation of contributions from top groups worldwide across this dynamic field, anticipating future advances in this domain.

Single-Photon Generation and Detection

Single-Photon Generation and Detection
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 593
Release: 2013-11-29
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0123876966
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Single-photon generation and detection is at the forefront of modern optical physics research. This book is intended to provide a comprehensive overview of the current status of single-photon techniques and research methods in the spectral region from the visible to the infrared. The use of single photons, produced on demand with well-defined quantum properties, offers an unprecedented set of capabilities that are central to the new area of quantum information and are of revolutionary importance in areas that range from the traditional, such as high sensitivity detection for astronomy, remote sensing, and medical diagnostics, to the exotic, such as secretive surveillance and very long communication links for data transmission on interplanetary missions. The goal of this volume is to provide researchers with a comprehensive overview of the technology and techniques that are available to enable them to better design an experimental plan for its intended purpose. The book will be broken into chapters focused specifically on the development and capabilities of the available detectors and sources to allow a comparative understanding to be developed by the reader along with and idea of how the field is progressing and what can be expected in the near future. Along with this technology, we will include chapters devoted to the applications of this technology, which is in fact much of the driver for its development. This is set to become the go-to reference for this field. Covers all the basic aspects needed to perform single-photon experiments and serves as the first reference to any newcomer who would like to produce an experimental design that incorporates the latest techniques Provides a comprehensive overview of the current status of single-photon techniques and research methods in the spectral region from the visible to the infrared, thus giving broad background that should enable newcomers to the field to make rapid progress in gaining proficiency Written by leading experts in the field, among which, the leading Editor is recognized as having laid down the roadmap, thus providing the reader with an authenticated and reliable source

Single-Photon Generation and Detection

Single-Photon Generation and Detection
Author: Lijian Zhang
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Total Pages: 45
Release: 2013-11-29
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0128058080
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As quantum detectors evolve to become ever more sophisticated, their description in terms of a limited number of generic parameters falls short. An alternative description of the performance of a detector is provided by its positive-operator-valued measure (POVM). In this chapter we introduce a technique, quantum detector tomography, which allows us to experimentally reconstruct the POVM of the detector under test. Detailed examples on how to apply this technique to phase-insensitive detectors are given. We also discuss the challenges for the tomography of phase-sensitive detectors and possible solutions.

Detection and Interaction of Single Quantum States

Detection and Interaction of Single Quantum States
Author: Sishen Xie
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 128
Release: 2023-07-25
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9819913616
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This book highlights the findings and achievements in the major research plan “Detection and Interaction of Single Quantum States” funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC). The 8-year plan started in 2011 and consisted of 107 projects conducted by Chinese universities and research institutes. The book covers the plan's research background, achievements, and follow-up prospects. The plan aimed to tackle one of the major challenges for researchers worldwide—to establish precise detection and control of single quantum states in time, space, energy, and momentum. The plan integrated precise detection means with the ultrahigh resolution of time, space, and energy, under extreme conditions such as ultrahigh vacuum, ultralow temperature, high magnetic field, and ultrahigh pressure, using interdisciplinary research methods in physics, chemistry, informatics, and materials science. The book focuses on the exploration of new phenomena, theories, and concepts of single quantum states, describes new techniques and methods of single quantum states, and presents the purification and construction of single-quantum-state systems. It is a concise and valuable source of information for researchers in quantum science and graduate students interested in the research field.