Pesticide Leaching In Macroporous Clay Soils
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Author | : R.P. Scorza Junior |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 468 |
Release | : 2002 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Download Pesticide Leaching in Macroporous Clay Soils Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
The presence of macropores (i.e. shrinkage cracks, earthworm and root channels) in the unsaturated zone can enhance pesticide leaching to groundwater and therefore increase the risk of groundwater contamination. In this thesis, experimental and modeling approaches were used to obtain a better understanding of the processes that affect pesticide leaching in cracked clay soils at the field scale. A field experiment (1.2 ha) was conducted to study the movement of water and bromide, and of two pesticides with contrasting mobility (bentazone and imidacloprid). A rapid breakthrough of bromide and pesticides in drain water and groundwater was observed, which is a strong evidence for preferential transport in this soil. Two pesticide leaching models were tested using the data from the field experiment: (i) the chromatographic flow model PEARL and (ii) the preferential flow model MACRO. The calibration of PEARL indicated that a large dispersion length was necessary to simulate bromide leaching in this soil correctly, which implies a large non-uniformity of solute transport. This calibration worked well for the mobile pesticide bentazone but not for imidacloprid, which is moderately adsorbed. So the solute transport in this cracked clay soil could not be described with the convection-dispersion equation even after increasing the dispersion length. The bulk of bentazone leaching was underestimated with MACRO although it simulated the leaching of imidacloprid reasonably well. The fast transport of all substances via macropore flow could be simulated well with MACRO although calibration of some sensitive and difficult to measure parameters was necessary. Considering that preferential flow may depend on the processes at the soil surface, a model that simulates water infiltration, overland flow, macropore flow and water storage at soil surface was developed. Simulations revealed that macropores at the soil surface can receive water before the maximum water storage at soil is reached. Therefore, the frequently used assumption that overland flow only starts after the maximum water storage at soil surface is attained can lead to underestimation of macropore flow for short showers.
Author | : Rômulo Penna Scorza (jr.) |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 234 |
Release | : 2002* |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9789058087454 |
Download Pesticide Leaching in Macroporous Clay Soils Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Movement of water, bromide and the pesticides bentazone and imidacloprid in a cracked clay soil:description of the Andelst data set. Simulation of field-scale water flow and pesticide leaching in a cracked clay soil using the PEARL model. Evaluation of the MACRO model to describe pesticide leaching in a cracked clay soil at the field scale. Influence of soil surface microrelief on macropore flow of water: conceptual and numerical approach.
Author | : Martin Larsson |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 34 |
Release | : 1999 |
Genre | : Clay soils |
ISBN | : 9789157654892 |
Download Quantifying Macropore Flow Effects on Nitrate and Pesticide Leaching in a Structured Clay Soil Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Author | : R. P. Scorza Junior |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 468 |
Release | : 2002 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Download Plesticide Leaching in Macroporous Caly Soils Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Movement of water, bromide and the pesticides bentazone and imidacloprid in a cracked clay soil: description of the andelst data set; Simulation of field-scale water flow and pesticide leaching in a crecked clay soil using the pearl model; Evaluation of the macro model to describe pesticide leaching in a crecked caly soil at the field scale; Influence of soil surface microrelief on macropore flow of water: conceptual and numerical apporach.
Author | : Raymond E. Knighton |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 53 |
Release | : 1994 |
Genre | : Pesticides |
ISBN | : |
Download Estimates of Pesticide Leaching in Soils Near the Buffalo River of Clay County, Minnesota Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Author | : Charles W. Schalk |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 30 |
Release | : 1998 |
Genre | : Pesticides |
ISBN | : |
Download Analysis of the Sensitivity of Soils to the Leaching of Agricultural Pesticides in Ohio Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Author | : National Research Council |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 398 |
Release | : 2001-05-21 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 0309170990 |
Download Conceptual Models of Flow and Transport in the Fractured Vadose Zone Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Fluid flow and solute transport within the vadose zone, the unsaturated zone between the land surface and the water table, can be the cause of expanded plumes arising from localized contaminant sources. An understanding of vadose zone processes is, therefore, an essential prerequisite for cost-effective contaminant remediation efforts. In addition, because such features are potential avenues for rapid transport of chemicals from contamination sources to the water table, the presence of fractures and other channel-like openings in the vadose zone poses a particularly significant problem, Conceptual Models of Flow and Transport in the Fractured Vadose Zone is based on the work of a panel established under the auspices of the U.S. National Committee for Rock Mechanics. It emphasizes the importance of conceptual models and goes on to review the conceptual model development, testing, and refinement processes. The book examines fluid flow and transport mechanisms, noting the difficulty of modeling solute transport, and identifies geochemical and environmental tracer data as important components of the modeling process. Finally, the book recommends several areas for continued research.
Author | : Sílvio Vaz Jr. |
Publisher | : Springer |
Total Pages | : 393 |
Release | : 2019-05-28 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 3030178919 |
Download Sustainable Agrochemistry Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
This book presents a broad range of technologies for sustainable agrochemistry, e.g. semiochemicals for pest management, nanotechnology for release of eco-friendly agrochemicals, and green chemistry principles for agriculture. It provides a concise introduction to sustainable agrochemistry for a professional audience, and highlights the main scientific and technological approaches that can be applied to modern agrochemistry. It also discusses various available technologies for reducing the negative impacts of agrochemicals on the environment and human health.
Author | : Robert Thomas Gavenda |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 44 |
Release | : 1996 |
Genre | : Pesticides |
ISBN | : |
Download Leaching of Pesticides in Selected Hawaii Oxisols and Andisols as Influenced by Soil Profile Characteristics Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Author | : Sharon Ruth Lindner |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 360 |
Release | : 1985 |
Genre | : Pesticides |
ISBN | : |
Download A Comparison of Field-oriented Simulation Models of Pesticide Leaching in Soil Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle