Pathogens Crossing Borders

Pathogens Crossing Borders
Author: Cornelia Knab
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Total Pages: 258
Release: 2022-07-29
Genre: History
ISBN: 1000572668
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The increasing globalization of trade, travel and transport since the mid-19th century had unwelcome consequences – one of them was the spread of contagious animal diseases over greater distances in a shorter time than ever before. Borders and national control strategies proved to be insufficient to stop the pathogens. Not surprisingly, the issue of epizootics (epidemics of animals) was among the first topics to be addressed by international meetings from the 1860s onwards. Pathogens Crossing Borders explores the history of international efforts to contain and prevent the spread of animal diseases from the early 1860s to the years after the Second World War. As an innovative contribution to global history and the history of internationalism, the book investigates how disease experts, politicians and state authorities developed concepts, practices and institutional structures at the international level to tackle the spread of animal diseases across borders. By following their activities in dealing with a problem area which was – and is today – of enormous political, social, public health and economic relevance, the book reveals the historical challenges of finding common international responses to complex and pressing global issues for which there are no easy solutions.

Pathogens Crossing Borders

Pathogens Crossing Borders
Author: Cornelia Knab
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 288
Release: 2022-04
Genre:
ISBN: 9780367471880
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This book explores the history of international efforts to contagious animal diseases from the 1860s to the mid-1940s. It shows the historical challenges of developing international strategies to urgent global problem areas for which there are still no easy solutions today.

Improving Food Safety Through a One Health Approach

Improving Food Safety Through a One Health Approach
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 418
Release: 2012-09-10
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309259363
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Globalization of the food supply has created conditions favorable for the emergence, reemergence, and spread of food-borne pathogens-compounding the challenge of anticipating, detecting, and effectively responding to food-borne threats to health. In the United States, food-borne agents affect 1 out of 6 individuals and cause approximately 48 million illnesses, 128,000 hospitalizations, and 3,000 deaths each year. This figure likely represents just the tip of the iceberg, because it fails to account for the broad array of food-borne illnesses or for their wide-ranging repercussions for consumers, government, and the food industry-both domestically and internationally. A One Health approach to food safety may hold the promise of harnessing and integrating the expertise and resources from across the spectrum of multiple health domains including the human and veterinary medical and plant pathology communities with those of the wildlife and aquatic health and ecology communities. The IOM's Forum on Microbial Threats hosted a public workshop on December 13 and 14, 2011 that examined issues critical to the protection of the nation's food supply. The workshop explored existing knowledge and unanswered questions on the nature and extent of food-borne threats to health. Participants discussed the globalization of the U.S. food supply and the burden of illness associated with foodborne threats to health; considered the spectrum of food-borne threats as well as illustrative case studies; reviewed existing research, policies, and practices to prevent and mitigate foodborne threats; and, identified opportunities to reduce future threats to the nation's food supply through the use of a "One Health" approach to food safety. Improving Food Safety Through a One Health Approach: Workshop Summary covers the events of the workshop and explains the recommendations for future related workshops.

Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 6)

Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 6)
Author: King K. Holmes
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 1027
Release: 2017-11-06
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1464805253
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Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.

CDC Yellow Book 2018: Health Information for International Travel

CDC Yellow Book 2018: Health Information for International Travel
Author: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 705
Release: 2017-04-17
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0190628634
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THE ESSENTIAL WORK IN TRAVEL MEDICINE -- NOW COMPLETELY UPDATED FOR 2018 As unprecedented numbers of travelers cross international borders each day, the need for up-to-date, practical information about the health challenges posed by travel has never been greater. For both international travelers and the health professionals who care for them, the CDC Yellow Book 2018: Health Information for International Travel is the definitive guide to staying safe and healthy anywhere in the world. The fully revised and updated 2018 edition codifies the U.S. government's most current health guidelines and information for international travelers, including pretravel vaccine recommendations, destination-specific health advice, and easy-to-reference maps, tables, and charts. The 2018 Yellow Book also addresses the needs of specific types of travelers, with dedicated sections on: · Precautions for pregnant travelers, immunocompromised travelers, and travelers with disabilities · Special considerations for newly arrived adoptees, immigrants, and refugees · Practical tips for last-minute or resource-limited travelers · Advice for air crews, humanitarian workers, missionaries, and others who provide care and support overseas Authored by a team of the world's most esteemed travel medicine experts, the Yellow Book is an essential resource for travelers -- and the clinicians overseeing their care -- at home and abroad.

Risky Trade

Risky Trade
Author: Ann Marie Kimball
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 231
Release: 2016-04-08
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1317062566
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The current value of global trade has reached a staggering annual figure of $6 trillion in merchandise crossing borders. Such prolific global trading has, at the same time, begun to raise fears of pandemics and concerns for global health. Yet, investment in public health infrastructure and disease control was never designed to cope with international trade of this volume and diversity. Indeed, most health systems lag far behind, especially in poor countries. This has created new vulnerabilities for global populations to the introduction and amplification of infection through trade. Public fears have been further heightened by frightening news reports of deadly diseases such as Mad Cow disease and E. Coli. Risky Trade: Infectious Disease in the Era of Global Trade provides a thorough examination of the actual risks posed by disease in the age of globalization. Drawing on the economics of international trade and epidemiology, the author explores the critical health issues arising from the enormous increase in global trade and travel. Issues covered include: ¢ The scale of the problem with particular reference to the Sakai outbreak of E. Coli; ¢ Risks from particular microbes - Enteric and viral infections; Highly infectious agents; Antimicrobial resistance; and, Stealth agents; ¢ Global outbreaks as a result of human travel and trade; ¢ Prevention, surveillance and control; ¢ The future health of global trading. In addition to highlighting the problems, the book also addresses some of the potential benefits the same globalization can bring to epidemic control through surveillance, diagnostics, treatment and investigation. The empirical approach ties together existing descriptions and case studies of epidemics building a comprehensive framework for examining new events and considering historical experience with infectious outbreaks. The volume will be a valuable guide to students, academics, practitioners, and policy makers in the areas of international trade, health economics, epidemiology, international/public health and disease control.

Viral Sovereignty and Technology Transfer

Viral Sovereignty and Technology Transfer
Author: Sam F. Halabi
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 237
Release: 2020-06-11
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1108484727
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Sharing biological resources-critical for new medicines and vaccines-has declined as countries and scientists dispute rights over research.

Infectious Disease Movement in a Borderless World

Infectious Disease Movement in a Borderless World
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 323
Release: 2010-03-10
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 030915197X
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Modern transportation allows people, animals, and plants-and the pathogens they carry-to travel more easily than ever before. The ease and speed of travel, tourism, and international trade connect once-remote areas with one another, eliminating many of the geographic and cultural barriers that once limited the spread of disease. Because of our global interconnectedness through transportation, tourism and trade, infectious diseases emerge more frequently; spread greater distances; pass more easily between humans and animals; and evolve into new and more virulent strains. The IOM's Forum on Microbial Threats hosted the workshop "Globalization, Movement of Pathogens (and Their Hosts) and the Revised International Health Regulations" December 16-17, 2008 in order to explore issues related to infectious disease spread in a "borderless" world. Participants discussed the global emergence, establishment, and surveillance of infectious diseases; the complex relationship between travel, trade, tourism, and the spread of infectious diseases; national and international policies for mitigating disease movement locally and globally; and obstacles and opportunities for detecting and containing these potentially wide-reaching and devastating diseases. This document summarizes the workshop.

Emerging Infectious Diseases from the Global to the Local Perspective

Emerging Infectious Diseases from the Global to the Local Perspective
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 134
Release: 2001-03-29
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309171105
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In October 1999, the Forum on Emerging Infections of the Institute of Medicine convened a two-day workshop titled "International Aspects of Emerging Infections." Key representatives from the international community explored the forces that drive emerging infectious diseases to prominence. Representatives from the Americas, Africa, Asia and the Pacific, and Europe made formal presentations and engaged in panel discussions. Emerging Infectious Diseases from the Global to the Local Perspective includes summaries of the formal presentations and suggests an agenda for future action. The topics addressed cover a wide range of issues, including trends in the incidence of infectious diseases around the world, descriptions of the wide variety of factors that contribute to the emergence and reemergence of these diseases, efforts to coordinate surveillance activities and responses within and across borders, and the resource, research, and international needs that remain to be addressed.