Non-equilibrium and Finite Temperature Trapped Bose Gases
Author | : Ashleigh Joy Allen |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2012 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
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Author | : Ashleigh Joy Allen |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2012 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Allan Griffin |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 475 |
Release | : 2009-02-19 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1139473832 |
The discovery of Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) in trapped ultracold atomic gases in 1995 has led to an explosion of theoretical and experimental research on the properties of Bose-condensed dilute gases. The first treatment of BEC at finite temperatures, this book presents a thorough account of the theory of two-component dynamics and nonequilibrium behaviour in superfluid Bose gases. It uses a simplified microscopic model to give a clear, explicit account of collective modes in both the collisionless and collision-dominated regions. Major topics such as kinetic equations, local equilibrium and two-fluid hydrodynamics are introduced at an elementary level. Explicit predictions are worked out and linked to experiments. Providing a platform for future experimental and theoretical studies on the finite temperature dynamics of trapped Bose gases, this book is ideal for researchers and graduate students in ultracold atom physics, atomic, molecular and optical physics and condensed matter physics.
Author | : Nick Proukakis |
Publisher | : World Scientific |
Total Pages | : 579 |
Release | : 2013 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1848168128 |
This volume provides a broad overview of the principal theoretical techniques applied to non-equilibrium and finite temperature quantum gases. Covering Bose-Einstein condensates, degenerate Fermi gases, and the more recently realised exciton-polariton condensates, it fills a gap by linking between different methods with origins in condensed matter physics, quantum field theory, quantum optics, atomic physics, and statistical mechanics.
Author | : Bernhard Rauer |
Publisher | : Springer |
Total Pages | : 128 |
Release | : 2019-05-04 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 3030182363 |
Cold atomic gases trapped and manipulated on atom chips allow the realization of seminal one-dimensional (1d) quantum many-body problems in an isolated and well controlled environment. In this context, this thesis presents an extensive experimental study of non-equilibrium dynamics in 1d Bose gases, with a focus on processes that go beyond simple dephasing dynamics. It reports on the observation of recurrences of coherence in the post-quench dynamics of a pair of 1d Bose gases and presents a detailed study of their decay. The latter represents the first observation of phonon-phonon scattering in these systems. Furthermore, the thesis investigates a novel cooling mechanism occurring in Bose gases subjected to a uniform loss of particles. Together, the results presented show a wide range of non-equilibrium phenomena occurring in 1d Bose gases and establish them as an ideal testbed for many-body physics beyond equilibrium.
Author | : Nick P Proukakis |
Publisher | : World Scientific |
Total Pages | : 579 |
Release | : 2013-02-21 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1908979704 |
The 1995 observation of Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute atomic vapours spawned the field of ultracold, degenerate quantum gases. Unprecedented developments in experimental design and precision control have led to quantum gases becoming the preferred playground for designer quantum many-body systems.This self-contained volume provides a broad overview of the principal theoretical techniques applied to non-equilibrium and finite temperature quantum gases. Covering Bose-Einstein condensates, degenerate Fermi gases, and the more recently realised exciton-polariton condensates, it fills a gap by linking between different methods with origins in condensed matter physics, quantum field theory, quantum optics, atomic physics, and statistical mechanics. Thematically organised chapters on different methodologies, contributed by key researchers using a unified notation, provide the first integrated view of the relative merits of individual approaches, aided by pertinent introductory chapters and the guidance of editorial notes.Both graduate students and established researchers wishing to understand the state of the art will greatly benefit from this comprehensive and up-to-date review of non-equilibrium and finite temperature techniques in the exciting and expanding field of quantum gases and liquids./a
Author | : Tim Langen |
Publisher | : Springer |
Total Pages | : 154 |
Release | : 2015-05-22 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 3319185640 |
This work presents a series of experiments with ultracold one-dimensional Bose gases, which establish said gases as an ideal model system for exploring a wide range of non-equilibrium phenomena. With the help of newly developed tools, like full distributions functions and phase correlation functions, the book reveals the emergence of thermal-like transient states, the light-cone-like emergence of thermal correlations and the observation of generalized thermodynamic ensembles. This points to a natural emergence of classical statistical properties from the microscopic unitary quantum evolution, and lays the groundwork for a universal framework of non-equilibrium physics. The thesis investigates a central question that is highly contested in quantum physics: how and to which extent does an isolated quantum many-body system relax? This question arises in many diverse areas of physics, and many of the open problems appear at vastly different energy, time and length scales, ranging from high-energy physics and cosmology to condensed matter and quantum information. A key challenge in attempting to answer this question is the scarcity of quantum many-body systems that are both well isolated from the environment and accessible for experimental study.
Author | : Andrii Gudyma |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2015 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
A study of breathing oscillations of a one-dimensional trapped interacting Bose gas is presented. Oscillations are initiated by an instantaneous change of the trapping frequency. In the thesis a 1D quantum Bose gas in a parabolic trap at zero temperature is considered, and it is explained, analytically and numerically, how the oscillation frequency depends on the number of particles, their repulsive interaction, and the trap parameters. We have focused on the many-body spectral description, using the sum rules approximation. The oscillation frequency is identified as the energy difference between the ground state and a particular excited state. The existence of three regimes is demonstrated, namely the Tonks regime, the Thomas-Fermi regime and the Gaussian regime. The transition from the Tonks to the Thomas-Fermi regime is described in the terms of the local density approximation (LDA). For the description of the transition from the Thomas-Fermi to the Gaussian regime the Hartree approximation is used. In both cases the parameters where the transitions happen are found. The extensive diffusion Monte Carlo simulations for a gas containing up to N = 25 particles is performed. As the number of particles increases, predictions from the simulations converge to the ones from the Hartree and LDA in the corresponding regimes. This makes the results for the breathing mode frequency applicable for arbitrary values of the particle number and interaction. The analysis is completed with the finite N perturbative results in the limiting cases. The theory predicts the reentrant behavior of the breathing mode frequency when moving from the Tonks to the Gaussian regime and fully explains the recent experiment of the Innsbruck group.
Author | : Yves Pomeau |
Publisher | : Springer Nature |
Total Pages | : 227 |
Release | : 2019-11-29 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 3030343944 |
This book provides an introduction to topics in non-equilibrium quantum statistical physics for both mathematicians and theoretical physicists. The first part introduces a kinetic equation, of Kolmogorov type, which is needed to describe an isolated atom (actually, in experiments, an ion) under the effect of a classical pumping electromagnetic field which keeps the atom in its excited state(s) together with the random emission of fluorescence photons which put it back into its ground state. The quantum kinetic theory developed in the second part is an extension of Boltzmann's classical (non-quantum) kinetic theory of a dilute gas of quantum bosons. This is the source of many interesting fundamental questions, particularly because, if the temperature is low enough, such a gas is known to have at equilibrium a transition, the Bose–Einstein transition, where a finite portion of the particles stay in the quantum ground state. An important question considered is how a Bose gas condensate develops in time if its energy is initially low enough.
Author | : Lev. P. Pitaevskii |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
Total Pages | : 392 |
Release | : 2003-04-03 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9780198507192 |
Bose-Einstein Condensation represents a new state of matter and is one of the cornerstones of quantum physics, resulting in the 2001 Nobel Prize. Providing a useful introduction to one of the most exciting field of physics today, this text will be of interest to a growing community of physicists, and is easily accessible to non-specialists alike.
Author | : Nick P. Proukakis |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 663 |
Release | : 2017-04-27 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1108138624 |
Following an explosion of research on Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) ignited by demonstration of the effect by 2001 Nobel prize winners Cornell, Wieman and Ketterle, this book surveys the field of BEC studies. Written by experts in the field, it focuses on Bose–Einstein condensation as a universal phenomenon, covering topics such as cold atoms, magnetic and optical condensates in solids, liquid helium and field theory. Summarising general theoretical concepts and the research to date - including novel experimental realisations in previously inaccessible systems and their theoretical interpretation - it is an excellent resource for researchers and students in theoretical and experimental physics who wish to learn of the general themes of BEC in different subfields.