Moving From COVID-19 Mathematical Models to Vaccine Design: Theory, Practice and Experiences

Moving From COVID-19 Mathematical Models to Vaccine Design: Theory, Practice and Experiences
Author: Andrés Fraguela-Collar
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers
Total Pages: 583
Release: 2022-09-05
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9815051911
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This compendium represents a set of guides to understanding the challenging scientific, epidemiological, clinical, social, and economic phenomenon that is represented by the COVID-19 pandemic. The book explains the mathematical modeling of COVID-19 infection, with emphasis on traditional epidemiological principles. It represents a rigorous, comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach to a complex phenomenon. The chapters take into account the knowledge arising from different disciplines (epidemiology, pathophysiology, immunology, medicine, biology, vaccine development, etc.). It also covers COVID-19 data analysis, giving the reader a perspective of statistics and data science, and includes a discussion about social and economic issues of the pandemic. Each chapter is devoted to a specific topic, and is contributed by experts in epidemiology. Because of its multidisciplinary nature, this book is intended as a reference on mathematical models and basic immunotherapy for COVID-19 for a broad community of readers, from scholars who have scientific training, to general readers who have an interest in the disease.

Mathematical Modeling, Simulations, and AI for Emergent Pandemic Diseases

Mathematical Modeling, Simulations, and AI for Emergent Pandemic Diseases
Author: Esteban A. Hernandez-Vargas
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 352
Release: 2023-03-21
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 0323950655
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Mathematical Modeling, Simulations, and Artificial Intelligence for Emergent Pandemic Diseases: Lessons Learned from COVID-19 includes new research, models and simulations developed during the COVID-19 pandemic into how mathematical methods and practice can impact future response. Chapters go beyond forecasting COVID-19, bringing different scale angles and mathematical techniques (e.g., ordinary differential and difference equations, agent-based models, artificial intelligence, and complex networks) which could have potential use in modeling other emergent pandemic diseases. A major part of the book focuses on preparing the scientific community for the next pandemic, particularly the application of mathematical modeling in ecology, economics and epidemiology. Readers will benefit from learning how to apply advanced mathematical modeling to a variety of topics of practical interest, including optimal allocations of masks and vaccines but also more theoretical problems such as the evolution of viral variants. Provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art in mathematical modeling and computational simulations for emerging pandemics Presents modeling techniques that go beyond COVID-19, and that can be applied to tailoring interventions to attenuate high death tolls Includes illustrations, tables and dialog boxes to explain highly specialized concepts and insights with complex algorithms, along with links to programming code

Mathematics of Public Health

Mathematics of Public Health
Author: V. Kumar Murty
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 349
Release: 2022-02-08
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 3030850536
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Curated by the Fields Institute for Research in Mathematical Sciences from their COVID-19 Math Modelling Seminars, this first in a series of volumes on the mathematics of public health allows readers to access the dominant ideas and techniques being used in this area, while indicating problems for further research. This work brings together experts in mathematical modelling from across Canada and the world, presenting the latest modelling methods as they relate to the COVID-19 pandemic. A primary aim of this book is to make the content accessible so that researchers share the core methods that may be applied elsewhere. The mathematical theories and technologies in this book can be used to support decision makers on critical issues such as projecting outbreak trajectories, evaluating public health interventions for infection prevention and control, developing optimal strategies to return to a new normal, and designing vaccine candidates and informing mass immunization program. Topical coverage includes: basic susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (SEIR) modelling framework modified and applied to COVID-19 disease transmission dynamics; nearcasting and forecasting for needs of critical medical resources including personal protective equipment (PPE); predicting COVID-19 mortality; evaluating effectiveness of convalescent plasma treatment and the logistic implementation challenges; estimating impact of delays in contact tracing; quantifying heterogeneity in contact mixing and its evaluation with social distancing; modelling point of care diagnostics of COVID-19; and understanding non-reporting and underestimation. Further, readers will have the opportunity to learn about current modelling methodologies and technologies for emerging infectious disease outbreaks, pandemic mitigation rapid response, and the mathematics behind them. The volume will help the general audience and experts to better understand the important role that mathematics has been playing during this on-going crisis in supporting critical decision-making by governments and public health agencies.

Computational Epidemiology

Computational Epidemiology
Author: Ellen Kuhl
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 312
Release: 2021-09-22
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3030828905
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This innovative textbook brings together modern concepts in mathematical epidemiology, computational modeling, physics-based simulation, data science, and machine learning to understand one of the most significant problems of our current time, the outbreak dynamics and outbreak control of COVID-19. It teaches the relevant tools to model and simulate nonlinear dynamic systems in view of a global pandemic that is acutely relevant to human health. If you are a student, educator, basic scientist, or medical researcher in the natural or social sciences, or someone passionate about big data and human health: This book is for you! It serves as a textbook for undergraduates and graduate students, and a monograph for researchers and scientists. It can be used in the mathematical life sciences suitable for courses in applied mathematics, biomedical engineering, biostatistics, computer science, data science, epidemiology, health sciences, machine learning, mathematical biology, numerical methods, and probabilistic programming. This book is a personal reflection on the role of data-driven modeling during the COVID-19 pandemic, motivated by the curiosity to understand it.

Mathematical and Computational Modelling of Covid-19 Transmission

Mathematical and Computational Modelling of Covid-19 Transmission
Author: Mandeep Mittal
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 337
Release: 2023-12-07
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 1003807127
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Infectious diseases are leading threats and are of highest risk to the human population globally. Over the last two years, we saw the transmission of Covid-19. Millions of people died or were forced to live with a disability. Mathematical models are effective tools that enable analysis of relevant information, simulate the related process and evaluate beneficial results. They can help to make rational decisions to lead toward a healthy society. Formulation of mathematical models for a pollution-free environment is also very important for society. To determine the system which can be modelled, we need to formulate the basic context of the model underlying some necessary assumptions. This describes our beliefs in terms of the mathematical language of how the world functions. This book addresses issues during the Covid phase and post-Covid phase. It analyzes transmission, impact of coinfections, and vaccination as a control or to decrease the intensity of infection. It also talks about the violence and unemployment problems occurring during the post-Covid period. This book will help societal stakeholders to resume normality slowly and steadily.

COVID Transmission Modeling

COVID Transmission Modeling
Author: DM Basavarajaiah
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 458
Release: 2022-06-28
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 1000593215
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COVID Transmission Modeling: An Insight into Infectious Diseases Mechanism provides an interdisciplinary overview of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis and covers various aspects of newer modeling techniques and practical solutions for health emergencies. This book aims to formulate various innovative and pragmatic mathematical, statistical, and epidemiological models using COVID-19 real data sets. It emphasizes interdisciplinary theoretical postulates derived from practical insights and knowledge of public health. Each of the book’s 12 chapters provides invaluable and exploratory tools to enable explicit assumptions, highlights key health indicators, and determines the geometric progression and control measures of the disease. The present developed models will allow readers to extrapolate the exact reason for the outbreak and pave the way for scientific information on vaccine trials and socioeconomic, psychological, and disease burden worldwide. These advanced techniques of modeling and their applications are in greater need than ever for effective connection between mathematicians, statisticians, epidemiologists, researchers, clinicians, and policymakers for making appropriate decisions at the right time. With the advent of emerging health science, all models are demonstrated with real-life data sets and provided with illustrations and eye-catching graphs and diagrams so that the readers can easily understand the concept of COVID-19 pandemic interventions and their control measures, and their impact. Features Addresses all aspects of mitigation/control measures, estimation of transmission rate, economic impact assessment, genetic complexity of COVID-19, herd immunity, and various methods, including newer mathematical, statistical, and epidemiological models in the analysis of COVID-19 pandemic outbreak Covers the application of innovative, advanced statistical and epidemiological models and demonstrates possible solutions toward supportive treatment aspects of COVID-19 and its control measures Includes models that can easily be followed in formulating the mathematical derivations and key points Supplemented with ample illustrations, images, diagrams, and figures This book is aimed at postgraduate students studying medicine and healthcare, mathematics, and statistical information. Researchers will also find this book very helpful.

Mathematical Modeling in the Age of the Pandemic

Mathematical Modeling in the Age of the Pandemic
Author: William P. Fox
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 174
Release: 2021-06-09
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 1000395022
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One cannot watch or read about the news these days without hearing about the models for COVID-19 or the testing that must occur to approve vaccines or treatments for the disease. The purpose of Mathematical Modeling in the Age of a Pandemic is to shed some light on the meaning and interpretations of many of the types of models that are or might be used in the presentation of analysis. Understanding the concepts presented is essential in the entire modeling process of a pandemic. From the virus itself and its infectious rates and deaths rates to explain the process for testing a vaccine or eventually a cure, the author builds, presents, and shows model testing. This book is an attempt, based on available data, to add some validity to the models developed and used, showing how close to reality the models are to predicting "results" from previous pandemics such as the Spanish flu in 1918 and more recently the Hong Kong flu. Then the author applies those same models to Italy, New York City, and the United States as a whole. Modeling is a process. It is essential to understand that there are many assumptions that go into the modeling of each type of model. The assumptions influence the interpretation of the results. Regardless of the modeling approach the results generally indicate approximately the same results. This book reveals how these interesting results are obtained.

COVID-19 Epidemiology and Virus Dynamics

COVID-19 Epidemiology and Virus Dynamics
Author: Till D. Frank
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 367
Release: 2022-03-30
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3030971783
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This book addresses the COVID-19 pandemic from a quantitative perspective based on mathematical models and methods largely used in nonlinear physics. It aims to study COVID-19 epidemics in countries and SARS-CoV-2 infections in individuals from the nonlinear physics perspective and to model explicitly COVID-19 data observed in countries and virus load data observed in COVID-19 patients. The first part of this book provides a short technical introduction into amplitude spaces given by eigenvalues, eigenvectors, and amplitudes.In the second part of the book, mathematical models of epidemiology are introduced such as the SIR and SEIR models and applied to describe COVID-19 epidemics in various countries around the world. In the third part of the book, virus dynamics models are considered and applied to infections in COVID-19 patients. This book is written for researchers, modellers, and graduate students in physics and medicine, epidemiology and virology, biology, applied mathematics, and computer sciences. This book identifies the relevant mechanisms behind past COVID-19 outbreaks and in doing so can help efforts to stop future COVID-19 outbreaks and other epidemic outbreaks. Likewise, this book points out the physics underlying SARS-CoV-2 infections in patients and in doing so supports a physics perspective to address human immune reactions to SARS-CoV-2 infections and similar virus infections.

Mathematical Modelling and Nonstandard Schemes for the Corona Virus Pandemic

Mathematical Modelling and Nonstandard Schemes for the Corona Virus Pandemic
Author: Sarah Marie Treibert
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 260
Release: 2021-12-11
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 3658359323
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This book deals with the prediction of possible future scenarios concerning the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the well-known SIR model by Kermack and McKendrick a compartment model is established. This model comprises its own assumptions, transition rates and transmission dynamics, as well as a corresponding system of ordinary differential equations. Making use of numerical methods and a nonstandard-finite-difference scheme, two submodels are implemented in Matlab in order to make parameter estimations and compare different scenarios with each other.

Mathematical Modeling and Intelligent Control for Combating Pandemics

Mathematical Modeling and Intelligent Control for Combating Pandemics
Author: Zakia Hammouch
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 278
Release: 2023-09-11
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3031331834
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The contributions in this carefully curated volume, present cutting-edge research in applied mathematical modeling for combating COVID-19 and other potential pandemics. Mathematical modeling and intelligent control have emerged as powerful computational models and have shown significant success in combating any pandemic. These models can be used to understand how COVID-19 or other pandemics can spread, analyze data on the incidence of infectious diseases, and predict possible future scenarios concerning pandemics. This book also discusses new models, practical solutions, and technological advances related to detecting and analyzing COVID-19 and other pandemics based on intelligent control systems that assist decision-makers, managers, professionals, and researchers. Much of the book focuses on preparing the scientific community for the next pandemic, particularly the application of mathematical modeling and intelligent control for combating the Monkeypox virus and Langya Henipavirus.