Molecular Determinants of Radioresponse in Prostate Cancer

Molecular Determinants of Radioresponse in Prostate Cancer
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 72
Release: 2002
Genre:
ISBN:

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The overall hypothesis of this project is that the radiation response of normal and cancerous prostate tissues can be correlated to the appropriate sensing and repair of DNA breaks by repair complexes following exposure to ionizing radiation. Specific aims relate to determining the interaction of DNA repair proteins in vitro using immunofluorescence confocal microscopy and biochemical DNA rejoining assays under both hypoxic and oxic conditions (given in vivo tumor cell populations). An in vivo program of prostate xenograft radioresponse is also being initiated to determine the level of DNA repair in situ using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence markers. Our studies show that terminal growth arrest rather than apoptosis is the major death pathway for irradiated prostate cancer cells and that prostate cancer cells have a DNA repair defect when compared to normal prostate epithelial cells. This appears to be related to the expression and intracellular function of the rad51 protein.

Molecular Determinants of Radio Resistance in Prostate Cancer

Molecular Determinants of Radio Resistance in Prostate Cancer
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 39
Release: 2003
Genre:
ISBN:

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We are studying the radiation response of prostate tissues in relation to the sensing and repair of DNA breaks. Specific aims relate to determining the interaction of DNA repair proteins in vitro using immunoflorescent confocal microscopy and biochemical DNA rejoining assays under both hypoxic and oxic conditions (given in vivo tumor cell populations). An in vivo program of prostate xenograft radioresponse and patient biopsy studies will determine the level of DNA repair in situ using immunohistochemistry and immunoflorescent markers. Our studies show that DNA repair protein expression is abnormal in malignant% versus normal prostate epithelial cultures, and that particularly the Rad51 protein is defective in localizing to the nucleus following DNA damage. We have accrued 13 patients onto a pre-operative radiotherapy trial and all patients' tumors are p53 wild type based on direct DNA sequencing. Post irradiation immunohistochemistry supports an induction of p53-pathway signaling following 25Gy in 5 fractions of clinical radiotherapy. Current experiments are designed to determine whether DNA protein focal interactions using 2- phtoon microscopy can predict the radioresponse of prostate xenografts and human tumors, in vivo. Our studies support the use of novel molecular based therapies that target NDA repair for prostate cancer therapy.

Molecular Determinants of Prostate Cancer Progression Across Race-Ethnicity

Molecular Determinants of Prostate Cancer Progression Across Race-Ethnicity
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Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2001
Genre:
ISBN:

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This Prostate Cancer Center Initiation grant has been designed to identify genetic and molecular markers of prostate cancer progression within and between racial ethnic groups (African-Americans, Latinos, Whites, Japanese) at substantially distinct underlying risk of prostate cancer. Our Epidemiology Core has obtained signed tissue releases from 410 prostate cancer patients to date identified during follow-up of the Hawaii/Los Angeles Multiethnic Cohort study. One-hundred eight-five tissue samples have been received and processed histopathologically by Project C, which has begun immunohistochemical staining for p27, p21 and p16 markers with additional markers to follow. Project B, studying the androgen receptor (AR) gene in detail, has identified 21 sequence variants in 58 samples analyzed to date; one mutation was shown in culture to be twice as active as wild-type AR. In Project A, studying the SRD5A2 gene in detail, 24 sequence variants were found in 30 tumors with three mutations (A495, G692A and V63M occurring on a recurring basis.

Molecular Determinants of Prostate Cancer Progression Across Race-Ethnicity. Project A - The Human 5RD5A2 Gene and Prostate Cancer Progression. Project B - Androgen Receptor (AR) Signaling in Prostate Cancer Progression. Project C - Cellular and Molecular Markers of Prostate Cancer Progression Core - Epidemiology Core

Molecular Determinants of Prostate Cancer Progression Across Race-Ethnicity. Project A - The Human 5RD5A2 Gene and Prostate Cancer Progression. Project B - Androgen Receptor (AR) Signaling in Prostate Cancer Progression. Project C - Cellular and Molecular Markers of Prostate Cancer Progression Core - Epidemiology Core
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 39
Release: 2002
Genre:
ISBN:

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This Prostate Cancer Center initiation grant has been designed to identify genetic and molecular markers of prostate cancer progression within and between racial ethnic groups (African-Americans, Latinos, Whites, Japanese) at substantially distinct underlying risk of prostate cancer. Our Epidemiology Core has obtained signed tissue releases from prostate cancer patients to date identified during follow-up of the Hawaii/Los Angeles Multiethnic Cohort study. Two hundred thirty-nine tissue samples have been received and processed histopathologically by Project C, which has begun immunohistochemical staining for COX-2, p27, p2l, p16 and Caveolin-l markers with additional markers to follow. Project B, studying the androgen receptor (AR) gene in detail, has identified 54 sequence variants in 90 samples analyzed to date. Two functional assays were developed this year to better assess these sequence variants. In Project A, studying the SRD5A2 gene in detail, in 87 tumors, the 13 mutations detected to date have been reconstructed by site-directed mutagenesis.

Molecular Determinants of Radiation Response

Molecular Determinants of Radiation Response
Author: Theodore L. DeWeese
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 282
Release: 2011-03-23
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 144198044X

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Molecular Determinants of Radiation Response includes chapters by expert authors who detail the present understanding of key DNA damage response pathways and proteins. The chapters include comprehensive discussions on where and how specific alterations in function of these pathways and proteins result in substantive modifications of cellular response to DNA injury. Given the importance of therapies that induce DNA injury in the management of human disease, this book is timely and relevant for basic and translational researchers, as well as clinicians alike.

The Molecular Basis of Cancer

The Molecular Basis of Cancer
Author: John Mendelsohn
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
Total Pages: 1040
Release: 2014-02-20
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0323261965

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2015 BMA Medical Book Awards Highly Commended in Oncology Category!The Molecular Basis of Cancer arms you with the latest knowledge and cutting-edge advances in the battle against cancer. This thoroughly revised, comprehensive oncology reference explores the scientific basis for our current understanding of malignant transformation and the pathogenesis and treatment of this disease. A team of leading experts thoroughly explains the molecular biologic principles that underlie the diagnostic tests and therapeutic interventions now being used in clinical trials and practice. Detailed descriptions of topics from molecular abnormalities in common cancers to new approaches for cancer therapy equip you to understand and apply the complexities of ongoing research in everyday clinical application. Effectively determine the course of malignancy and design appropriate treatment protocols by understanding the scientific underpinnings of cancer. Visually grasp and retain difficult concepts easily thanks to a user-friendly format with abundant full-color figures. Find critical information quickly with chapters following a logical sequence that moves from pathogenesis to therapy. Stay current with the latest discoveries in molecular and genomic research. Sweeping revisions throughout include eight brand-new chapters on: Tumor Suppressor Genes; Inflammation and Cancer; Cancer Systems Biology: The Future; Biomarkers Assessing Risk of Cancer; Understanding and Using Information About Cancer Genomes; The Technology of Analyzing Nucleic Acids in Cancer; Molecular Abnormalities in Kidney Cancer; and Molecular Pathology. Access the entire text and illustrations online, fully searchable, at Expert Consult.

Perez and Brady's Principles and Practice of Radiation Oncology

Perez and Brady's Principles and Practice of Radiation Oncology
Author: Edward C. Halperin
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Total Pages: 2152
Release: 2008
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9780781763691

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The thoroughly updated fifth edition of this landmark work has been extensively revised to better represent the rapidly changing field of radiation oncology and to provide an understanding of the many aspects of radiation oncology. This edition places greater emphasis on use of radiation treatment in palliative and supportive care as well as therapy.

Clinical Radiation Oncology

Clinical Radiation Oncology
Author: Leonard L. Gunderson
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
Total Pages: 570
Release: 2007-01-01
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0443068402

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First Prize winner, Oncology Book Category, British Medical Association 2012 Medical Book Competition Deepen your knowledge with a comprehensive, clinical approach to the scientific foundations of radiation oncology and general oncology as well as state-of-the-art techniques and modalities. Implement a multidisciplinary, "team care" approach to providing intricate treatment plans for patients, often in conjunction with medical oncologists, and surgeons. Broaden your understanding of the basic biology of the disease processes. Examine the therapeutic management of specific disease sites based on single-modality and combined-modality approaches. Quickly and easily find critical information thanks to an easily accessible, full-color design with over 800 color figures that clearly depict treatment techniques. Get broad multimodality perspectives and unique insights from a diverse team of respected editors and contributors -many of whom are new to this edition - affiliated with institutions across North America and internationally Access the fully searchable text anywhere, anytime at www.expertconsult.com, along with references, additional images and tables, video clips and more! Stay current with comprehensive updates throughout that include a new chapter on survivorship issues, and additional video clips on treatments such as prostate and penile cancer brachytherapy. Improve outcomes by providing the most effective treatment for each patient with expanded coverage of new modalities and treatment regimens. Understand and comply with the latest staging guidelines. Drs. Gunderson and Tepper give you quick access to all the clinical tools you need to master the newest techniques and modalities in radiation oncology.