Mandates, Geography, and Networks

Mandates, Geography, and Networks
Author: Matthew C. Ingram
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2016
Genre:
ISBN:

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Why have some Mexican states proceeded faster than others in a revolutionary transformation in criminal procedure? Contributing an original reform index of criminal procedure reform across Mexico's 32 states from 2002-2011 and building on existing research on policy diffusion, this paper offers answers to these questions. Core findings include: (1) the 2008 constitutional reform at the federal level exerts a strong, positive effect (federal mandate); (2) being in a neighborhood of states that have reformed has a counterintuitive, negative effect (spatial proximity); and (3) having a governor of the same party as that of governors of other states that have reformed has a positive influence (network affinity). These findings yield a better understanding of the (a) vertical, cross-level and (b) horizontal, cross-unit diffusion of reform, with implications for understanding how to overcome challenges to criminal justice reform in Mexico, Latin America, and elsewhere.

The SAGE Handbook of Research Methods in Political Science and International Relations

The SAGE Handbook of Research Methods in Political Science and International Relations
Author: Luigi Curini
Publisher: SAGE
Total Pages: 1861
Release: 2020-04-09
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1526486393

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The SAGE Handbook of Research Methods in Political Science and International Relations offers a comprehensive overview of research processes in social science — from the ideation and design of research projects, through the construction of theoretical arguments, to conceptualization, measurement, & data collection, and quantitative & qualitative empirical analysis — exposited through 65 major new contributions from leading international methodologists. Each chapter surveys, builds upon, and extends the modern state of the art in its area. Following through its six-part organization, undergraduate and graduate students, researchers and practicing academics will be guided through the design, methods, and analysis of issues in Political Science and International Relations: Part One: Formulating Good Research Questions & Designing Good Research Projects Part Two: Methods of Theoretical Argumentation Part Three: Conceptualization & Measurement Part Four: Large-Scale Data Collection & Representation Methods Part Five: Quantitative-Empirical Methods Part Six: Qualitative & "Mixed" Methods

Beyond High Courts

Beyond High Courts
Author: Matthew C. Ingram
Publisher: University of Notre Dame Pess
Total Pages: 463
Release: 2019-05-15
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0268102848

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Beyond High Courts: The Justice Complex in Latin America is a much-needed volume that will make a significant contribution to the growing fields of comparative law and politics and Latin American legal institutions. The book moves these research agendas beyond the study of high courts by offering theoretically and conceptually rich empirical analyses of a set of critical supranational, national, and subnational justice sector institutions that are generally neglected in the literature. The chapters examine the region’s large federal systems (Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico), courts in Chile and Venezuela, and the main supranational tribunal in the region, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. Aimed at students of comparative legal institutions while simultaneously offering lessons for practitioners charged with designing such institutions, the volume advances our understanding of the design of justice institutions, how their form and function change over time, what causes those changes, and what consequences they have. The volume also pays close attention to how justice institutions function as a system, exploring institutional interactions across branches and among levels of government (subnational, national, supranational) and analyzing how they help to shape, and are shaped by, politics and law. Incorporating the institutions examined in the volume into the literature on comparative legal institutions deepens our understanding of justice systems and how their component institutions can both bolster and compromise democracy and the rule of law. Contributors: Matthew C. Ingram, Diana Kapiszewski, Azul A. Aguiar-Aguilar, Ernani Carvalho, Natália Leitão, Catalina Smulovitz, John Seth Alexander, Robert Nyenhuis, Sídia Maria Porto Lima, José Mário Wanderley Gomes Neto, Danilo Pacheco Fernandes, Louis Dantas de Andrade, Mary L. Volcansek, and Martin Shapiro.

Studies in Law, Politics, and Society

Studies in Law, Politics, and Society
Author: Austin Sarat
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
Total Pages: 196
Release: 2020-05-04
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1839822805

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This volume of Studies in Law, Politics and Society brings together an international and interdisciplinary array of scholars to explore issues on the cutting edge of socio-legal research.

Prosecutorial Accountability and Victims' Rights in Latin America

Prosecutorial Accountability and Victims' Rights in Latin America
Author: Verónica Michel
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 247
Release: 2018-01-18
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1108390137

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The responsibility of any state is to protect its citizens. But if a state, either through omission or commission, fails to investigate and prosecute crime then what remedies do citizens have? Verónica Michel investigates procedural rights in Chile, Guatemala, and Mexico that allow citizens to call for the appointment of a private prosecutor to initiate criminal investigations. This right diminishes the monopoly of the state over criminal prosecutions and thus offers citizens a way of insisting on state accountability. This book provides the first full-length empirical study of how the victims' right to private prosecution can impact access to justice in Latin America, and shows how institutional and legal arrangements interact to shape the politics of criminal justice. By examining homicide cases in detail, Michel highlights how everyday legal struggles can help build the rule of law from below.

Geography

Geography
Author: Alexander B. Murphy
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 140
Release: 2018-12-11
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1509523049

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Ever since humans sketched primitive maps in the dirt, the quest to understand our surroundings has been fundamental to our survival. Studying geography revealed that the earth was round, showed our ancestors where to plant crops, and helped them appreciate the diversity of the planet. Today, the world is changing at an unprecedented pace, as a result of rising sea levels, deforestation, species extinction, rapid urbanization, and mass migration. Modern technologies have brought people from across the globe into contact with each other, with enormous political and cultural consequences. As a subject concerned with how people, environments, and places are organized and interconnected, geography provides a critical window into where things happen, why they happen where they do, and how geographical context influences environmental processes and human affairs. These perspectives make the study of geography more relevant than ever, yet it remains little understood. In this engrossing book, Alexander B. Murphy explains why geography is so important to the current moment.

Crime, Violence, and Justice in Latin America

Crime, Violence, and Justice in Latin America
Author: Carlos Solar
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Total Pages: 267
Release: 2022-12-23
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 100081372X

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This book asks why crime and violence persist in Latin America at extreme levels and why the states have not been able to more effectively solve this problem that dominates the lives of many millions of Latin Americans. Informed by diverse disciplinary backgrounds, the book brings together a team of regional experts to discuss research-based explanations on some of Latin America’s most pressing criminal and violent issues distressing the rule of law. First, it examines old and new forms of observing crime upon perpetrators and victimized communities. Second, it explores the geographies of urban and rural violence and the entangled politics following organized criminality. Third, it questions how the transfer of policy knowledge and expertise reshapes local security governance, and, more importantly, critically examines the problems in implementing foreign models and paradigms in the Latin American context. Finally, it exposes the everchanging scenario of policy-making and prosecuting crime and homicide. Crime, Violence, and Justice in Latin America provides new themes and novel trends on what crime and violence mean in the eyes of observers, perpetrators, policymakers, governmental officials, and victims. It is an important acquisition for policy makers and academics alike.

Capability Building and Global Innovation Networks

Capability Building and Global Innovation Networks
Author: Michael Gastrow
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 139
Release: 2017-10-02
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1317383753

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This book explores the dynamics of global innovation networks and their implications for development. Knowledge is often seen as the main determinant of economic growth, competitiveness and employment. There is a strong causal interaction between capability building and the growth in demand for, and supply of, technical and organizational innovation. This complex of skills, knowledge and innovation holds great potential benefit for development, particularly in the context of developing countries. However, despite evidence of the increasing importance of knowledge and innovation, there has been relatively little research to understand the distribution and coordination of innovation and knowledge-intensive economic activities on a global scale – and what this might mean for economic development. Each chapter – though sharing an underlying conception of innovation systems, innovation networks and their relation to capability-building and development – takes a different theoretical stance. The authors explore the emerging relationship between competence building and the structure of global innovation networks, thus providing a valuable new perspective from which to critically assess their development potential. This book was originally published as a special issue of Innovation and Development.

Culture in Networks

Culture in Networks
Author: Paul McLean
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 201
Release: 2016-11-11
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 0745687202

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Today, interest in networks is growing by leaps and bounds, in both scientific discourse and popular culture. Networks are thought to be everywhere – from the architecture of our brains to global transportation systems. And networks are especially ubiquitous in the social world: they provide us with social support, account for the emergence of new trends and markets, and foster social protest, among other functions. Besides, who among us is not familiar with Facebook, Twitter, or, for that matter, World of Warcraft, among the myriad emerging forms of network-based virtual social interaction? It is common to think of networks simply in structural terms – the architecture of connections among objects, or the circuitry of a system. But social networks in particular are thoroughly interwoven with cultural things, in the form of tastes, norms, cultural products, styles of communication, and much more. What exactly flows through the circuitry of social networks? How are people's identities and cultural practices shaped by network structures? And, conversely, how do people's identities, their beliefs about the social world, and the kinds of messages they send affect the network structures they create? This book is designed to help readers think about how and when culture and social networks systematically penetrate one another, helping to shape each other in significant ways.