Local Content Requirements

Local Content Requirements
Author: Gary Clyde Hufbauer
Publisher: Peterson Institute for International Economics
Total Pages: 272
Release: 2013-10-07
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0881326801

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In the wake of the Great Recession of 2008–09, economists feared that protectionist policies might sweep the world economy, echoing the wave of tariff escalations during the Great Depression of the 1930s. To some surprise, officials were more restrained and largely avoided traditional forms of protection (tariffs and quotas), leading some observers to underestimate the incidence of new protectionism. In fact, policymakers increasingly turned to more opaque behind-the-border nontariff barriers (NTBs). Using a combination of statistical analysis and case studies, the authors show that local content requirements (LCRs), a form of NTB, have become increasingly popular. How much was global trade actually reduced on account of LCRs? A conservative estimate might be $93 billion. Case studies featured cover the healthcare sector in Brazil, wind turbines in Canada, the automobile industry in China, solar cells and modules in India, oil and gas in Nigeria, and “Buy American” restrictions on government procurement in the United States.

Industrial Policy and the World Trade Organization

Industrial Policy and the World Trade Organization
Author: Sherzod Shadikhodjaev
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 349
Release: 2018-11-08
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1107145082

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Highlights what national governments should know to properly conduct their industrial policies under the multilateral trading system.

Local Content and Sustainable Development in Global Energy Markets

Local Content and Sustainable Development in Global Energy Markets
Author: Damilola S. Olawuyi
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 451
Release: 2021-03-04
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1108495370

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Examines critical links between local content requirements and the application of sustainable development treaties in global energy markets.

Local Content Policies in the Oil and Gas Sector

Local Content Policies in the Oil and Gas Sector
Author: Silvana Tordo
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 197
Release: 2013-07-22
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0821399349

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A number of countries have recently discovered and are developing oil and gas reserves. Policy makers in such countries are anxious to obtain the greatest benefits for their economies from the extraction of these exhaustible resources by designing appropriate policies to achieve desired goals. One important theme of such policies is the so-called local content created by the sector—the extent to which the output of the extractive industry sector generates further benefits to the economy beyond the direct contribution of its value-added, through its links to other sectors. While local content policies have the potential to stimulate broad-based economic development, their application in petroleum-rich countries has achieved mixed results. This paper describes the policies and practices meant to foster the development of economic linkages from the petroleum sector, as adopted by a number of petroleum-producing countries both in and outside the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Examples of policy objectives, implementation tools, and reporting metrics are provided to derive lessons of wider applicability. The paper presents various conclusions for policy makers about the design of local content policies.

Sovereign Wealth Funds, Local Content Policies and CSR

Sovereign Wealth Funds, Local Content Policies and CSR
Author: Eduardo G. Pereira
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 653
Release: 2021-01-25
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 3030560929

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This book explores three particular strategies in the extractives sector for creating shared wealth, increased labour opportunities and positive social, environmental and economic outcomes from corporate projects, namely: state wealth funds (SWF), local content policies (LCP) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices. Collectively, the chapters explore the associated experiences and challenges in different parts of the world with the view to inform equitable and sustainable development for the communities living adjacent to extractives sites and the wider society and environment. Examples of LCPs, SWFs and CSR practices from 12 jurisdictions with diverse experiences offer usefull insights. The book illuminates challenges and opportunities for sustainable development outcomes of the extractives sector. It reflects the need to take on board the lessons of these global experiences in order to improve outcomes for poverty reduction, inequality reduction and sustainable development.

Local Content Policies in Resource-rich Countries

Local Content Policies in Resource-rich Countries
Author: Yelena Kalyuzhnova
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 246
Release: 2016-09-26
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1137447869

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This book analyses the role of local content (LC) policy in the economic development of five resource-rich countries: Brazil, Kazakhstan, Norway, Russia and the UK. The authors situate LC policy within a framework of sustainability in the form of industrial diversification and innovation-led growth, and examine how effective LC policies are in facilitating sectoral and economy-wide catching up. Structured in five chapters, the book begins with an introduction and then presents an overview of LC definitions and situates LC policies within a framework of economic development. The third chapter compares specific examples of LC development and highlights variations in practice as well as learning across case countries. The fourth chapter focuses on macro-economic, micro-economic and institutional challenges conditioning LC development and the ability of LC policies to assist innovation-led growth. The authors conclude by examining what the future holds for LC policies and their role in promoting economic growth and addressing the wider social, political and economic challenges in resource-rich countries.

Local Content Oil and Gas Law in Africa

Local Content Oil and Gas Law in Africa
Author: Pereowei Subai
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 192
Release: 2019-01-10
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1351068067

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Examining local content law and policy in the oil and gas industry, this book uses Nigeria as a primary case study, comparing its approach to countries such as Brazil and Norway which have also adopted local content laws in relation to their gas and oil industries. In considering various aspects of local content law and policy as they apply to the oil and gas industry, the book examines the factors behind the formulation of local content policies by petroleum producing states, and the various strategies they have employed to implement them. It analyses arguments against local content requirements from the perspective of international trade and investment law, and from liberal market economic theorists, who argue against its overall usefulness. The book highlights salient aspects of the oil and gas industry such as regulation, national oil companies, treatment of minorities, and policy formulation and implementation.

Local Content Requirements

Local Content Requirements
Author: Lili Yan Ing
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Total Pages: 244
Release: 2023-11-06
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1003806937

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As anti-globalization and geopolitical tensions continue to rise, the use of local content requirements (LCRs) around the world has become more noticeable than ever before. The reasons for adopting LCRs range from ensuring domestic supply availability, job creation, and increasing value added to safeguarding national security. Ing and Grossman examine country-specific as well as firm-product level exercises to explain how LCRs reduce fair competition, resulting in lower trade and productivity, which ultimately lowers world economic output and overall human welfare. Countries around the world are investigated with specific attention to the US, China, Indonesia, and resource-intensive countries, including mining-intensive ones. The book also presents product- and firm-level analyses, answering the question of why countries adopted LCRs and how LCRs actually affect the world economy. This book is a useful resource that will interest policymakers, researchers, and advanced undergraduates interested in international trade, industrial policy, political economy, labour economics, and development economics.

Energy Justice

Energy Justice
Author: Rukonge Sospeter Muhongo
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 244
Release: 2020-11-02
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 3030613380

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This book explores local content policies and their role in natural resource management within the realm of energy justice. Based on several country case studies it discusses the role of regional integration for such policies in Sub-Saharan Africa. Energy justice has been widely applied across different aspects of development, but here the principles of justice are specifically integrated with the management and implementation of oil and gas projects. Such an analysis offers novel means of implementing policies in local regions, moving away from a one-size fits all approach that leads to the ineffective transplantation of policies from developed economies to developing Sub-Saharan economies. The book argues that with a regional approach, Sub-Saharan Africa can leverage natural resources, industrial parks, supplier clusters, regional financing mechanisms and regional training facilities which would drive down the costs of production, increase efficiency and integrate the local Sub-Saharan population into the oil and gas industry. This would result in the benefits as well as the environmental concerns and responsibilities intrinsic to these industries, being spread more equally amongst local and none local stakeholders. This book will be a valuable resource for scholars and students as well as policy makers and practitioners in the areas of extractive industry-related disciplines energy governance, and economic development in Africa.

Complying with the Made in USA Standard

Complying with the Made in USA Standard
Author: United States. Federal Trade Commission
Publisher:
Total Pages: 56
Release: 1998
Genre: Buy national policy
ISBN:

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