Linking Dynamic Connectivity and Hydrological Response

Linking Dynamic Connectivity and Hydrological Response
Author: Molly R. Cain
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2022
Genre: Groundwater flow
ISBN:

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The dynamic connection and disconnection of water storages in landscapes is a key control on water and solute transport and transformation. However, the processes that control how and when landscapes connect to their streams are complex. Hydrologic connectivity, which often exhibits transient and threshold behavior, depends upon antecedent wetness and hydrologic forcing conditions which modify water fluxes through space and time. Further, the dominant controls on connectivity vary with landscape structure (i.e., natural topography, topology, and geology, as well as human modifications to drainage structure). Characterizations of hydrologic connectivity as a function of antecedent conditions, hydrologic forcing conditions, and landscape structure are needed to accurately predict hydrologic and solute responses as well as to assess their influence on associated ecosystem services.In this body of work, I advance understanding of how dynamic hydrologic connectivity controls hydrologic response across a range of landscapes. I achieve this using a combination of field observations and numerical modeling. The first study explores how representing moisture-dependent, pore-scale hydrologic connectivity-a process called ecohydrologic separation-in a catchment-scale hydrologic model alters interpretations of stores, fluxes, and residence times of water and solutes. The following two chapters assess hydrologic connectivity dynamics in low-gradient landscapes of the Midwestern U.S. The second study explores how antecedent conditions control thresholds of runoff generation and nitrate export in tile-drained agricultural fields using field observations and coupled water and nitrogen cycle simulations. The final study characterizes the spatial and temporal variability of flooding dynamics within topographic features of a minimally human-disturbed floodplain system, highlighting the role of floodplain channels in enhancing river-floodplain connectivity.Overall, this research details conceptualizations of hydrologic connectivity in landscapes not commonly considered in current connectivity frameworks (low-gradient floodplains and intensively managed agricultural landscapes) and presents a novel representation of a moisture-dependent, hydrologic connectivity process and its ecological implications in a highly studied landscape (forested hillslopes).

Treatise on Geomorphology

Treatise on Geomorphology
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 6392
Release: 2013-02-27
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0080885225

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The changing focus and approach of geomorphic research suggests that the time is opportune for a summary of the state of discipline. The number of peer-reviewed papers published in geomorphic journals has grown steadily for more than two decades and, more importantly, the diversity of authors with respect to geographic location and disciplinary background (geography, geology, ecology, civil engineering, computer science, geographic information science, and others) has expanded dramatically. As more good minds are drawn to geomorphology, and the breadth of the peer-reviewed literature grows, an effective summary of contemporary geomorphic knowledge becomes increasingly difficult. The fourteen volumes of this Treatise on Geomorphology will provide an important reference for users from undergraduate students looking for term paper topics, to graduate students starting a literature review for their thesis work, and professionals seeking a concise summary of a particular topic. Information on the historical development of diverse topics within geomorphology provides context for ongoing research; discussion of research strategies, equipment, and field methods, laboratory experiments, and numerical simulations reflect the multiple approaches to understanding Earth’s surfaces; and summaries of outstanding research questions highlight future challenges and suggest productive new avenues for research. Our future ability to adapt to geomorphic changes in the critical zone very much hinges upon how well landform scientists comprehend the dynamics of Earth’s diverse surfaces. This Treatise on Geomorphology provides a useful synthesis of the state of the discipline, as well as highlighting productive research directions, that Educators and students/researchers will find useful. Geomorphology has advanced greatly in the last 10 years to become a very interdisciplinary field. Undergraduate students looking for term paper topics, to graduate students starting a literature review for their thesis work, and professionals seeking a concise summary of a particular topic will find the answers they need in this broad reference work which has been designed and written to accommodate their diverse backgrounds and levels of understanding Editor-in-Chief, Prof. J. F. Shroder of the University of Nebraska at Omaha, is past president of the QG&G section of the Geological Society of America and present Trustee of the GSA Foundation, while being well respected in the geomorphology research community and having won numerous awards in the field. A host of noted international geomorphologists have contributed state-of-the-art chapters to the work. Readers can be guaranteed that every chapter in this extensive work has been critically reviewed for consistency and accuracy by the World expert Volume Editors and by the Editor-in-Chief himself No other reference work exists in the area of Geomorphology that offers the breadth and depth of information contained in this 14-volume masterpiece. From the foundations and history of geomorphology through to geomorphological innovations and computer modelling, and the past and future states of landform science, no "stone" has been left unturned!

Applied Geomorphology and Contemporary Issues

Applied Geomorphology and Contemporary Issues
Author: Sujit Mandal
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 703
Release: 2022-09-03
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3031045327

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The edited book deals with climate change and its response to river system which is one of the most burning issues of the Global environment. Due to urbanization and industrialization land degradation and resource depletion are happening and promoting livelihood challenges in the world which is reflected in the book too. The book addresses the construction of dams over large rivers and its possible consequences in the environment. Changes of the hydrology and sedimentology are to be addressed in the book. The climate change phenomena and associated geomorphic hazards and contemporary environmental issues such as sea level rise, coastal flood, drought, wind erosion, flood, soil erosion, landslide, depletion of ground water, coastal erosion etc. are elaborated in the book with suitable methods and techniques. So this edited book will contribute a lot to general to particular filed of studies and will help to geographers, geomorphologists, environmentalists, planners, policy makers and developers for studies and promoting regional plans and development.

Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams

Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams
Author: Thibault Datry
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 624
Release: 2017-07-11
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0128039043

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Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams: Ecology and Management takes an internationally broad approach, seeking to compare and contrast findings across multiple continents, climates, flow regimes, and land uses to provide a complete and integrated perspective on the ecology of these ecosystems. Coupled with this, users will find a discussion of management approaches applicable in different regions that are illustrated with relevant case studies. In a readable and technically accurate style, the book utilizes logically framed chapters authored by experts in the field, allowing managers and policymakers to readily grasp ecological concepts and their application to specific situations. Provides up-to-date reviews of research findings and management strategies using international examples Explores themes and parallels across diverse sub-disciplines in ecology and water resource management utilizing a multidisciplinary and integrative approach Reveals the relevance of this scientific understanding to managers and policymakers

Mountain Risks: From Prediction to Management and Governance

Mountain Risks: From Prediction to Management and Governance
Author: Theo Van Asch
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 414
Release: 2013-09-30
Genre: Nature
ISBN: 9400767692

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This book offers a cross disciplinary treatment of the rapidly growing field of integrated approaches in risk assessment in mountainous areas. All major aspects related to hazard and risk assessment, risk management, and governance are illustrated with a wide range of case studies. The first part of the book focuses on new techniques for assessing the natural hazards of different types of mass movements. State-of-the-art techniques for morphological characterization and monitoring of displacements are described. Computational advances are covered to explain the process systems and to quantify the hazards of fast and slow-moving landslides. In the second part of the book methodologies are included for assessing the impact of these natural hazards on the society in terms of risks. In this part, methodologies for defining the vulnerability of the elements at risk are shown and the use of run-out models for risk assessment of the dangerous rapid mass movements are evaluated. The third part of the book focuses on the response of society towards the problems of hazard and risk. It highlights the role of spatial planning, early warning systems and evacuation plans for risk management. It establishes practical thresholds for acceptable and tolerable risks and emphasizes the importance of education and communication to society. Audience The book is of interest to a wide range of experts from related disciplines, practitioners and stakeholders to demonstrate the importance of an integrated approach for all aspects of risks in mountainous areas.

Conceptual Models of Flow and Transport in the Fractured Vadose Zone

Conceptual Models of Flow and Transport in the Fractured Vadose Zone
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 398
Release: 2001-05-21
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309170990

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Fluid flow and solute transport within the vadose zone, the unsaturated zone between the land surface and the water table, can be the cause of expanded plumes arising from localized contaminant sources. An understanding of vadose zone processes is, therefore, an essential prerequisite for cost-effective contaminant remediation efforts. In addition, because such features are potential avenues for rapid transport of chemicals from contamination sources to the water table, the presence of fractures and other channel-like openings in the vadose zone poses a particularly significant problem, Conceptual Models of Flow and Transport in the Fractured Vadose Zone is based on the work of a panel established under the auspices of the U.S. National Committee for Rock Mechanics. It emphasizes the importance of conceptual models and goes on to review the conceptual model development, testing, and refinement processes. The book examines fluid flow and transport mechanisms, noting the difficulty of modeling solute transport, and identifies geochemical and environmental tracer data as important components of the modeling process. Finally, the book recommends several areas for continued research.

Linking Australia's Landscapes

Linking Australia's Landscapes
Author: James Fitzsimons
Publisher: CSIRO PUBLISHING
Total Pages: 399
Release: 2013-06-05
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0643107061

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Networks of land managed for conservation across different tenures have rapidly increased in number (and popularity) in Australia over the past two decades. These include iconic large-scale initiatives such as Gondwana Link, the Great Eastern Ranges Initiative, Habitat 141°, and the South Australian NatureLinks, as well as other, landscape-scale approaches such as Biosphere Reserves and Conservation Management Networks. Their aims have been multiple: to protect the integrity and resilience of many Australian ecosystems by maintaining and restoring large-scale natural landscapes and ecosystem processes; to lessen the impacts of fragmentation; to increase the connectivity of habitats to provide for species movement and adaptation as climate changes; and to build community support and involvement in conservation. This book draws out lessons from a variety of established and new connectivity conservation initiatives from around Australia, and is complemented by international examples. Chapters are written by leaders in the field of establishing and operating connectivity networks, as well as key ecological and social scientists and experts in governance. Linking Australia's Landscapes will be an important reference for policy makers, natural resource managers, scientists, and academics and tertiary students dealing with issues in landscape-scale conservation, ecology, conservation biology, environmental policy, planning and management, social sciences, regional development, governance and ecosystem services.

Watershed Hydrology

Watershed Hydrology
Author: Vijay P. Singh
Publisher: Allied Publishers
Total Pages: 588
Release: 2003
Genre: Groundwater
ISBN: 9788177645477

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Wetlands: Functioning, Biodiversity Conservation, and Restoration

Wetlands: Functioning, Biodiversity Conservation, and Restoration
Author: Roland Bobbink
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 336
Release: 2007-06-19
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3540331891

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This book gives a broad and well-integrated overview of recent major scientific results in wetland science and their applications in natural resource management. After an introduction into the field, 12 chapters contributed by internationally known experts summarize the state of the art on a multitude of topics. The coverage is divided into three sections: Functioning of Plants and Animals in Wetlands; Conservation and Management of Wetlands; and Wetland Restoration and Creation.