Latin America and the Social Contract

Latin America and the Social Contract
Author: Karla Breceda
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 27
Release: 2008
Genre: Economic Theory and Research
ISBN:

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Abstract: This paper presents an incidence analysis of both social spending and taxation for seven Latin American countries, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The analysis shows that Latin American countries are headed de facto toward a minimalist welfare state similar to the one in the United States, rather than toward a stronger, European-like welfare state. Specifically, both in Latin America and in the United States, social spending remains fairly flat across income quintiles. On the taxation side, high income inequality causes the rich to bear most of the taxation burden. This causes a vicious cycle where the rich oppose the expansion of the welfare state (as they bear most of its burden without receiving much back), which in turn maintains long-term inequalities. The recent increased socioeconomic instability in many Latin American countries shows nonetheless a real need for a stronger welfare state, which, if unanswered, may degenerate into short-term and unsustainable policies. The case of Chile suggests that a way out from this apparent dead end can be found, as elites may be willing to raise their contribution to social spending if this can lead to a more stable social contract.

Latin America and the Social Contract

Latin America and the Social Contract
Author: Karla Breceda
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2012
Genre:
ISBN:

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This paper presents an incidence analysis of both social spending and taxation for seven Latin American countries, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The analysis shows that Latin American countries are headed de facto toward a minimalist welfare state similar to the one in the United States, rather than toward a stronger, European-like welfare state. Specifically, both in Latin America and in the United States, social spending remains fairly flat across income quintiles. On the taxation side, high income inequality causes the rich to bear most of the taxation burden. This causes a vicious cycle where the rich oppose the expansion of the welfare state (as they bear most of its burden without receiving much back), which in turn maintains long-term inequalities. The recent increased socioeconomic instability in many Latin American countries shows nonetheless a real need for a stronger welfare state, which, if unanswered, may degenerate into short-term and unsustainable policies. The case of Chile suggests that a way out from this apparent dead end can be found, as elites may be willing to raise their contribution to social spending if this can lead to a more stable social contract.

A New Social Contract in a Latin American Education Context

A New Social Contract in a Latin American Education Context
Author: D. Streck
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 202
Release: 2010-12-20
Genre: Education
ISBN: 0230115292

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A New Social Contract in a Latin American Education Context is committed to what has become known as "perspective of the South:" understanding the South not as a geographical reference but as a vindication of the existence of ways of knowing and of living which struggle for their survival and for a legitimate place in a world where the respect for difference is balanced with the right for equality. The metaphor of the new social contract stands for the desire to envision another world, which paradoxically cannot but spring out of the entrails of the existing one. Could the same contract under which the colonial orders were erected serve as a tool for decolonizing relations, knowledge, and power? Consequently, what kind of education could effectively help structure a new social contract? These are some of the questions Streck addresses.

Latin America and the Social Contract

Latin America and the Social Contract
Author: Karla Breceda
Publisher:
Total Pages: 27
Release: 2016
Genre:
ISBN:

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This paper presents an incidence analysis of both social spending and taxation for seven Latin American countries, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The analysis shows that Latin American countries are headed de facto toward a minimalist welfare state similar to the one in the United States, rather than toward a stronger, European-like welfare state. Specifically, both in Latin America and in the United States, social spending remains fairly flat across income quintiles. On the taxation side, high income inequality causes the rich to bear most of the taxation burden. This causes a vicious cycle where the rich oppose the expansion of the welfare state (as they bear most of its burden without receiving much back), which in turn maintains long-term inequalities. The recent increased socioeconomic instability in many Latin American countries shows nonetheless a real need for a stronger welfare state, which, if unanswered, may degenerate into short-term and unsustainable policies. The case of Chile suggests that a way out from this apparent dead end can be found, as elites may be willing to raise their contribution to social spending if this can lead to a more stable social contract.

Latin America's Middle Sectors

Latin America's Middle Sectors
Author: Anna Pietikäinen
Publisher:
Total Pages: 2
Release: 2010
Genre: Development
ISBN:

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A strengthened social contract in Latin American countries relies on the improved quality of public services such as health and education, which would build a constituency for a broader tax base. Latin American middle-income sectors express strong support for democracy but they are critical of how it works, largely due to the low quality of public services. Fiscal policy is at the heart of the state's relationship with its citizens - all the more so in Latin America, given the weak social contracts and the consolidation of its democracies.

A New Social Contract in a Latin American Education Context

A New Social Contract in a Latin American Education Context
Author: D. Streck
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan
Total Pages: 187
Release: 2015-10-09
Genre: Education
ISBN: 9781349289813

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The book takes the social contract as a metaphor for understanding the challenges to education within a context of paradigmatic transition, and of profound social and political transformations.

Toward a New Social Contract in Latin America

Toward a New Social Contract in Latin America
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2004
Genre:
ISBN:

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This policy brief proposes a new job-based social contract, geared to the aspirations of the regionâ€TMs vast majority of near-poor “middleâ€ŗ households, whose participation is key to achieving growth and strengthening democracy.

What We Owe Each Other

What We Owe Each Other
Author: Minouche Shafik
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Total Pages: 256
Release: 2022-08-23
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 069120764X

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From one of the leading policy experts of our time, an urgent rethinking of how we can better support each other to thrive Whether we realize it or not, all of us participate in the social contract every day through mutual obligations among our family, community, place of work, and fellow citizens. Caring for others, paying taxes, and benefiting from public services define the social contract that supports and binds us together as a society. Today, however, our social contract has been broken by changing gender roles, technology, new models of work, aging, and the perils of climate change. Minouche Shafik takes us through stages of life we all experience—raising children, getting educated, falling ill, working, growing old—and shows how a reordering of our societies is possible. Drawing on evidence and examples from around the world, she shows how every country can provide citizens with the basics to have a decent life and be able to contribute to society. But we owe each other more than this. A more generous and inclusive society would also share more risks collectively and ask everyone to contribute for as long as they can so that everyone can fulfill their potential. What We Owe Each Other identifies the key elements of a better social contract that recognizes our interdependencies, supports and invests more in each other, and expects more of individuals in return. Powerful, hopeful, and thought-provoking, What We Owe Each Other provides practical solutions to current challenges and demonstrates how we can build a better society—together.

Crafting Sustainable Social Contracts in Latin America

Crafting Sustainable Social Contracts in Latin America
Author: Carol Graham
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2007
Genre:
ISBN:

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This paper focuses on the need to develop social contracts as a means to address the challenge posed by widespread insecurity and extensive inequality. Even the winners in the best performing countries in the region are vulnerable to negative shocks, such as those related to volatility in international capital markets. In the advanced economies, permanent safety nets and social insurance systems are part of a fiscally and politically sustainable social contract. Ultimately, developing social contracts and sustainable welfare systems - no matter how limited - will be integral to the region's economies becoming competitive and stable participants in the global economy. The paper highlights the importance of public attitudes - about the causes of poverty, about the distribution of opportunities, and about redistribution, among others - in crafting such contracts. It provides an analysis of Latin American public attitudes compared to those in the United States.