Large Excimer Lasers for Fusion

Large Excimer Lasers for Fusion
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 1986
Genre:
ISBN:

Download Large Excimer Lasers for Fusion Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Important goals in DOE and DOD programs require multimegajoule laser pulses. For inertial confinement fusion there is also a requirement to deliver the pulse in about 25 nsec with a very particular power vs time profile - all at high overall efficiency and low cost per joule. After exhaustive consideration of various alternatives, our studies have shown that the most cost effective approach to energy scaling is to increase the size of the final amplifiers up to the 200 to 300 kJ level. This conclusion derives largely from the fact that, at a given complexity, costs increase slowly with increasing part size while output energy should increase dramatically. Extrapolations to low cost by drastic cuts in the unit cost of smaller devices through mass production are considered highly risky. At a minimum the requirement to provide, space, optics and mounts for such systems will remain expensive. In recent years there have been dramatic advances in scaling. The Los Alamos LAM has produced over 10 kJ in a single 1/2 nsec pulse. In this paper we explore the issues involved in scaling to higher energy while still maintaining high efficiencies. In the remainder of this paper we will discuss KrF laser scaling for the fusion mission. We will omit most of the discussion of the laser system design, but address only KrF amplifiers.

Excimer Laser Development for Fusion

Excimer Laser Development for Fusion
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 1985
Genre:
ISBN:

Download Excimer Laser Development for Fusion Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

The future utility of inertial confinement fusion requires a new driver. Successful experiments coupling laser energy to targets, and our understanding of fuel capsule behavior strongly suggest that a laboratory thermonuclear source is attainable and power production may be considered if a suitable driver with high efficiency, high repetition rate, and most importantly, low capital cost, can be identified. No adequate driver exists today; however, the krypton fluoride laser holds great promise. By the end of this decade, driver development can be brought to the point that a technically justifiable choice can be made for the future direction of ICF.

Recent Advances in Excimer Laser Technology at Los Alamos

Recent Advances in Excimer Laser Technology at Los Alamos
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 8
Release: 1990
Genre:
ISBN:

Download Recent Advances in Excimer Laser Technology at Los Alamos Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Current research in excimer laser technology at Los Alamos progresses in two major areas: in the Bright Source program, the development of ultra-high brightness (sub-picosecond) laser systems, based on discharge-pumped excimer laser amplifiers, continues. Recently we have completed rigorous measurements of the saturation parameter for ultra-short pulses. In the laser fusion program, implementation of the large KrF laser fusion amplifiers have been accompanied by numerous studies of the laser physics and kinetics of large e-beam pumped devices.

High Energy and Short Pulse Lasers

High Energy and Short Pulse Lasers
Author: Richard Viskup
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Total Pages: 426
Release: 2016-09-07
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9535126067

Download High Energy and Short Pulse Lasers Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

This book gives the readers an introduction to experimental and theoretical knowledge acquired by large-scale laser laboratories that are dealing with extra-high peak power and ultrashort laser pulses for research of terawatt (TW), petawatt (PW), or near-future exawatt (EW) laser interactions, for soft X-ray sources, for acceleration of particles, or for generation of hot dense thermal plasma for the laser fusion. The other part of this book is dealing with the small-scale laser laboratories that are using for its research on commercial sources of laser radiation, nanosecond (ns), picosecond (ps), or femtosecond (fs) laser pulses, either for basic research or for more advanced applications. This book is divided into six main sections dealing with short and ultrashort laser pulses, laser-produced soft X-ray sources, large-scale high-power laser systems, free-electron lasers, fiber-based sources of short optical pulse, and applications of short pulse lasers. In each chapter readers can find fascinating topics related to the high energy and/or short pulse laser technique. Individual chapters should serve the broad spectrum of readers of different expertise, layman, undergraduate and postgraduate students, scientists, and engineers, who may in this book find easily explained fundamentals as well as advanced principles of particular subjects related to these phenomena.

Nuclear Fusion by Inertial Confinement

Nuclear Fusion by Inertial Confinement
Author: Guillermo Velarde
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 766
Release: 2020-11-25
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1000098850

Download Nuclear Fusion by Inertial Confinement Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Nuclear Fusion by Inertial Confinement provides a comprehensive analysis of directly driven inertial confinement fusion. All important aspects of the process are covered, including scientific considerations that support the concept, lasers and particle beams as drivers, target fabrication, analytical and numerical calculations, and materials and engineering considerations. Authors from Australia, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, Spain, and the U.S. have contributed to the volume, making it an internationally significant work for all scientists working in the Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) field, as well as for graduate students in engineering and physics with interest in ICF.

Development of KrF Lasers for Fusion

Development of KrF Lasers for Fusion
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 5
Release: 1989
Genre:
ISBN:

Download Development of KrF Lasers for Fusion Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Short-pulse, high-intensity excimer lasers are being developed for a variety of atomic physics and inertial confinement fusion applications. In this paper, we will discuss the status of KrF laser technology and its application to ICF. Current progress worldwide will be described with emphasis on the Los Alamos program. 6 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab.

Advanced Lasers for Fusion Applications

Advanced Lasers for Fusion Applications
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 1978
Genre:
ISBN:

Download Advanced Lasers for Fusion Applications Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Projections indicate that MJ/MW laser systems, operating with efficiencies in escess of 1 percent, are required to drive laser fusion power reactors. Moreover, a premium in pellet performance is anticipated as the wavelength of the driver laser system is decreased. Short wavelength laser systems based on atomic selenium (lambda = 0.49.mu.), terbium molcular vapors (0.55.mu.), thulium doped dielectric solids (0.46.mu.), and on pulse compressions of KrF excimer laser radiaton (0.27.mu.) have been proposed and studied for this purpose. The technological scalability and efficiency of each of these systems is examined in this paper. All of these systems are projected to meet minimum systems requirements. Amont them, the pulse-compressed KrF system is projected to have the highest potential efficiency (6%) and the widest range of systems design options.

Contact Charge-transfer Excimer Lasers

Contact Charge-transfer Excimer Lasers
Author: Amynmohammed Nurdin Dharamsi
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 1981
Genre: Charge transfer
ISBN:

Download Contact Charge-transfer Excimer Lasers Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Molecular charge-transfer complexes are examined with emphasis on their electronic states, potential energy curves and spectra. Potential energy curves are calculated for singlet and triplet states of several contact charge-transfer complexes, using the quantum chemistry method of Complete Neglect of Differential Overlap in Spectroscopy, CNDO/S. The Stoke's shifts that may be expected in these complexes are also calculated. Good agreement between the computed and experimentally avallable data is achieved. It is shown that molecular contact charge-transfer complexes form a class of lasers analogous to the well-known rare-gas halide excimers. Although such complexes have been known for years to chemists, mainly from their work on absorption spectra, their potential as laser systems has not been previously investigated. The population inversion mechanism in contact charge-transfer lasers relies on picosecond radiationless relaxation of the lower state. This is a consequence of the additional degrees of freedom inherent in these relatively large polyatomic systems. The excimer systems which have been investigated to present, on the other hand, are mostly diatomics and having only one nuclear degree of freedom, rely on the repulsive nature or thermal dissociation of the ground electronic state for sustaining a population inversion. Contact CT lasers would have radiative emission cross-sections and lifetimes -17 2 of 10 cm*' and lys in the visible or near u.v. and could, therefore, find use as storage lasers, for instance in laser driven nuclear fusion research. A pratical method for pumping such a laser is examined for one typical example and it is estimated that gains of several percent per cm may be expected.

High Energy Lasers and Their Applications

High Energy Lasers and Their Applications
Author: Stephen Jacobs
Publisher: Addison Wesley Publishing Company
Total Pages: 440
Release: 1974
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN:

Download High Energy Lasers and Their Applications Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Construction of a Large Laser Fusion System

Construction of a Large Laser Fusion System
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 1977
Genre:
ISBN:

Download Construction of a Large Laser Fusion System Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Construction of a large laser fusion machine is nearing completion at the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory (LLL). Shiva, a 20-terawatt neodymium doped glass system, will be complete in early 1978. This system will have the high power needed to demonstrate significant thermonuclear burn. Shiva will irradiate a microscopic D-T pellet with 20 separate laser beams arriving simultaneously at the target. This requires precise alignment, and stability to maintain alignment. Hardware for the 20 laser chains is composed of 140 amplifiers, 100 spatial filters, 80 isolation stages, 40 large turning mirrors, and a front-end splitter system of over 100 parts. These are mounted on a high stability, three dimensional spaceframe which serves as an optical bench. The mechanical design effort, spanning approximately 3 years, followed a classic engineering evolution. The conceptual design phase led directly to system optimization through cost and technical tradeoffs. Additional manpower was then required for detailed design and specification of hardware and fabrication. Design of long-lead items was started early in order to initiate fabrication and assembly while the rest of the design was completed. All components were ready for assembly and construction as fiscal priorities and schedules permitted.