Large Animals as Models for Human Diseases

Large Animals as Models for Human Diseases
Author: Ya-Xiong Tao
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 356
Release: 2022-05-17
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0323994423

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Large Animals as Models for Human Diseases, Volume 189 in the Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on a variety of important topics, including Sheep as a model for neuroendocrinology research, Relevance of dog as a model for urologic diseases, Relevance of lactocrine hypothesis to human maternal programming of development, Comparative aspects of embryo implantation, Pig as an animal model for obesity, Canine models of cancer, Bovine model for human ovarian diseases, Mutations in G protein-coupled receptors in large animals: Modeling human diseases, and more. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science series Updated release includes the latest information on Large Animals as Models for Human Diseases

Animal Models for the Study of Human Disease

Animal Models for the Study of Human Disease
Author: P. Michael Conn
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 1109
Release: 2013-05-29
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0124159125

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Animal Models for the Study of Human Disease identifies important animal models and assesses the advantages and disadvantages of each model for the study of human disease. The first section addresses how to locate resources, animal alternatives, animal ethics and related issues, much needed information for researchers across the biological sciences and biomedicine.The next sections of the work offers models for disease-oriented topics, including cardiac and pulmonary diseases, aging, infectious diseases, obesity, diabetes, neurological diseases, joint diseases, visual disorders, cancer, hypertension, genetic diseases, and diseases of abuse. Organized by disease orientation for ease of searchability Provides information on locating resources, animal alternatives and animal ethics Covers a broad range of animal models used in research for human disease

Experimental Animal Models of Human Diseases

Experimental Animal Models of Human Diseases
Author: Bartholomew Ibeh
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Total Pages: 410
Release: 2018-05-23
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1789231647

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The world has recorded losses in terms of human life as well as extensive time spent in experimentation with development of new drugs, elucidation of disease mechanism(s), and therapeutic agent discovery. Ethical and legal issues cojoin in slowing down scientific discoveries in medicine and biology. The past two (2) decades, therefore, have seen tremendous attempts that largely are successful in developing animal models with the characteristics of mimicking, approximating, or expressing transplanted human organs/tissues. These models or rather approaches seem to be fast, cost-effective, and easy to maintain compared to primates. This book is a collection of expert essays on animal models of human diseases of global interest. A visible objective of the book is to provide real-time experimental approach to scientists, clinicians, ethicists, medicolegal/medical jurisprudence workers, immunologists, postgraduate students, and vaccinologists and informative and multidisciplinary approach for the identification of new therapeutic targets and biomarkers using animal models as well as investigating the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies of human diseases. An increased understanding of the genetic, molecular, and cellular mechanisms responsible for the development of human diseases has laid out the foundation for the development of rational therapies mainly with animal models.

Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research

Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 113
Release: 1988-02-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309038391

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Scientific experiments using animals have contributed significantly to the improvement of human health. Animal experiments were crucial to the conquest of polio, for example, and they will undoubtedly be one of the keystones in AIDS research. However, some persons believe that the cost to the animals is often high. Authored by a committee of experts from various fields, this book discusses the benefits that have resulted from animal research, the scope of animal research today, the concerns of advocates of animal welfare, and the prospects for finding alternatives to animal use. The authors conclude with specific recommendations for more consistent government action.

Spontaneous Animal Models of Human Disease

Spontaneous Animal Models of Human Disease
Author: Edwin J. Andrews
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 345
Release: 2012-12-02
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0323138284

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This two-volume work gathers together the diverse information presently available on spontaneous animal models of human disease. In addition to providing a comprehensive review of existing models, the book presents many previous unpublished new models.The scope of this work is limited to spontaneous models. Neoplasia, infectious diseases including parasitism, and nutritionally induced or other types of experimental models have not been included. The sixteen parts of the book are alphabetically arranged according to organ system with over 230 authors contributing to the overall effort. In addition to many illustrations, the book features an extensive bibliography.

Viral Pathogenesis

Viral Pathogenesis
Author: Michael G. Katze
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 368
Release: 2015-12-30
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0128011742

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Viral Pathogenesis: From Basics to Systems Biology, Third Edition, has been thoroughly updated to cover topical advances in the evolving field of viral pathogenesis, while also providing the requisite classic foundational information for which it is recognized. The book provides key coverage of the newfound ability to profile molecular events on a system-wide scale, which has led to a deeper understanding of virus-host interactions, host signaling and molecular-interaction networks, and the role of host genetics in determining disease outcome. In addition, the content has been augmented with short chapters on seminal breakthroughs and profiles of their progenitors, as well as short commentaries on important or controversial issues in the field. Thus, the reader will be given a view of virology research with perspectives on issues such as biomedical ethics, public health policy, and human health. In summary, the third edition will give the student a sense of the exciting new perspectives on viral pathogenesis that have been provided by recent developments in genomics, computation, modeling, and systems biology. Covers all aspects of viral infection, including viral entry, replication, and release, as well as innate and adaptive immunity and viral pathogenesis Provides a fresh perspective on the approaches used to understand how viruses cause disease Features molecular profiling techniques, whole genome sequencing, and innovative computational methods Highlights the use of contemporary approaches and the insights they provide to the field

Animal Models for the Study of Human Disease

Animal Models for the Study of Human Disease
Author: Bernhard Aigner
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Total Pages: 60
Release: 2013-05-29
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0128072229

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Basic research of the pathobiology of diseases as well as of therapeutic strategies usually is carried out in rodents as animal models. Translational research that transfers novel results from basic research to clinical application often requires analyses in additional nonrodent models and/or large animal models that share specific pathophysiological characteristics with the human diseases in question. As prerequisites for the generation of appropriate disease models by genetic engineering, pigs exhibit suitable reproductive performance traits, pig genome analyses resulted in the availability of several resources of genomic data, and efficient and precise techniques for the genetic modification of pigs have been established. In the recent years, genetically engineered pigs were increasingly generated as biomedical research tools for specific human genetic diseases. Here, we review the current state of the techniques used for the production of genetically engineered pigs as well as the establishment of genetically engineered pigs as models for human diseases.

The Minipig in Biomedical Research

The Minipig in Biomedical Research
Author: Peter A. McAnulty
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 713
Release: 2011-12-19
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1439811180

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The Minipig in Biomedical Research is a comprehensive resource for research scientists on the potential and use of the minipig in basic and applied biomedical research, and the development of drugs and chemicals. Written by acknowledged experts in the field, and drawing on the authors’ global contacts and experience with regulatory authorities and the pharmaceutical and other industries, this accessible manual ranges widely over the biological, scientific, and practical uses of the minipig in the laboratory. Its coverage extends from the minipig’s origins, anatomy, genetics, immunology, and physiology to its welfare, health, and husbandry; practical dosing and examination procedures; surgical techniques; and all areas of toxicity testing and the uses of the minipig as a disease model. Regulatory aspects of its use are considered. The reader will find an extensive amount of theoretical and practical information in the pharmacology; ADME and toxicology chapters which will help scientists and managers when deciding which species to use in basic research; drug discovery and pharmacology; and toxicology studies of chemicals, biotechnology products and devices. The book discusses regulatory uses of minipigs in the evaluation of human and veterinary pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and other classes of xenobiotics. It describes features of normal health, normal laboratory values, and common diseases. It also carefully elucidates ethical and legal considerations in their supply, housing, and transport. The result is an all-inclusive and up to date manual about the experimental uses of the minipig that describes ‘How to’ and ‘Why’ and ’What to expect in the normal’, combining enthusiasm and experience with critical assessment of its values and potential problems.

Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment

Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 348
Release: 2000-12-21
Genre: Nature
ISBN: 0309070864

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Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment reviews advances made during the last 10-15 years in fields such as developmental biology, molecular biology, and genetics. It describes a novel approach for how these advances might be used in combination with existing methodologies to further the understanding of mechanisms of developmental toxicity, to improve the assessment of chemicals for their ability to cause developmental toxicity, and to improve risk assessment for developmental defects. For example, based on the recent advances, even the smallest, simplest laboratory animals such as the fruit fly, roundworm, and zebrafish might be able to serve as developmental toxicological models for human biological systems. Use of such organisms might allow for rapid and inexpensive testing of large numbers of chemicals for their potential to cause developmental toxicity; presently, there are little or no developmental toxicity data available for the majority of natural and manufactured chemicals in use. This new approach to developmental toxicology and risk assessment will require simultaneous research on several fronts by experts from multiple scientific disciplines, including developmental toxicologists, developmental biologists, geneticists, epidemiologists, and biostatisticians.

Animal Models for the Study of Human Disease

Animal Models for the Study of Human Disease
Author: Daniel Butzke
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Total Pages: 47
Release: 2013-05-29
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0128071931

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The first years of the 21st century have seen an unparalleled progress in biomedical sciences. Several dogmata that haunted scientific debate for decades were easily abandoned, and there is a fundamental shift away from eminence-based toward evidence-based assessment of preclinical models, probing their true value in predicting clinical outcomes of human diseases. Likewise, several new approaches, e.g., stem cell-based, diseases-in-a-dish and organs-on-a-chip and lab-on-a-chip technologies have revitalized the domain of alternatives to animal experimentation. In our review, we portray these and other efforts to bring forth relevant and ethically inoffensive models of human diseases.