This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1915 edition. Excerpt: ...consist of knolls and ridges of considerable height, and where the soil must be transported for a a it.----____rtlap flfStrpIron 18(111 Fin Fig. 19.--Rectangular leveler. From Farmers' Bull. 392, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. considerable distance, the Fresno Scraper (Plate I, Fig. B) or some form of scraper on wheels is the best implement. Where the surface is not so rough and the hauls are short, a tool which is commonly used is known as the Buck Scraper, Fig. 18. It is best suited to sandy soils and is used extensively in the Yakima Valley of Eastern Washington and in Eastern Oregon. It consists of a scraper board 10 to 16 feet long, and 2 feet wide, made of 2 inch plank, shod along one edge with a steel plate, and a tailboard or footboard with the necessary lever handle and connections to regulate the angle of the scraper board and to hold it in position. The smaller size requires four horses and the larger six horses. For land where the irregularities consist of knolls or hummocks fairly uniform in size, not too large, and distributed rather uniformly so that the scraped off material must not be carried far, an implement used with much success in the Imperial Valley of Southern California is the Rectangular Scraper or leveller, Fig. 19. It is a rectangular frame 30 feet long and 12 feet wide, in Fio. 20.--Float for leveling land. which are assembled six scrapers. The sides of the frame are made of 4 to 12-inch timbers 30 feet long, placed on edge. The two ends of the frame with the four intermediate cross-pieces are the scrapers; they are made of 4 by 12 timber, 12 feet long, placed on edge, with the lower part of the wearing side shod with a steel plate, 3/8 inch thick by 6 inches wide. All of the scrapers excepting the...