Investigation at Mach Numbers 1.5 and 1.7 of Twin-duct Side Air-intake System with 9 Degree Compression Ramp Including Modifications to Boundary-layer-removal Wedges and Effects of a Bypass System

Investigation at Mach Numbers 1.5 and 1.7 of Twin-duct Side Air-intake System with 9 Degree Compression Ramp Including Modifications to Boundary-layer-removal Wedges and Effects of a Bypass System
Author: Leonard J. Obery
Publisher:
Total Pages: 34
Release: 1953
Genre:
ISBN:

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An Experimental Investigation at Mach Numbers from 2.1 to 3.0 of Circular Internal-compression Inlets Having Translatable Centerbodies and Provisions for Boundary-layer Removal

An Experimental Investigation at Mach Numbers from 2.1 to 3.0 of Circular Internal-compression Inlets Having Translatable Centerbodies and Provisions for Boundary-layer Removal
Author: Earl C. Watson
Publisher:
Total Pages: 32
Release: 1960
Genre: Boundary layer control
ISBN:

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Results of a 0.2-scale B-1 Inlet Verification Model Test at Transonic and Supersonic Mach Numbers

Results of a 0.2-scale B-1 Inlet Verification Model Test at Transonic and Supersonic Mach Numbers
Author: John F. Riddell
Publisher:
Total Pages: 250
Release: 1972
Genre: Airplanes
ISBN:

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Results are presented of a wind tunnel investigation of a 0.2-scale model of the left-hand dual-inlet air induction system of the B-1 aircraft. The test was conducted at Mach numbers from 0.55 to 2.3 over an angle-of-attack range from -2 to 13 deg and yaw angles of -6 to 6 deg. Inlet performance in terms of compressor-face total-pressure recovery, total-pressure distortion and turbulence index is presented as a function of engine-face mass-flow ratio for various inlet geometries and model attitudes. Generally, increasing angle of attack caused greated decreases in the performance of the inboard inlet at supersonic Mach numbers and of the outboard inlet at subsonic Mach numbers. Noticeable effects occurred when the structural mode control vanes were varied at the subsonic Mach number at low angles of attack and at negative yaw. (Author).

Experimental Investigation of the Performance of a Mach-2. 7 Two-Dimensional Bifurcated Duct Inlet with 30 Percent Internal Contraction

Experimental Investigation of the Performance of a Mach-2. 7 Two-Dimensional Bifurcated Duct Inlet with 30 Percent Internal Contraction
Author: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Total Pages: 46
Release: 2018-08-20
Genre:
ISBN: 9781722219505

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An experimental study was conducted to determine the performance of a two-dimensional, mixed-compression bifurcated duct inlet system designed for a free-stream Mach number of 2.7. Thirty percent of the supersonic area contraction occurred internally. A movable ramp was used to vary the contraction ratio for off-design operation. Boundary layer bleed regions were located on the cowl, centerbody, and sidewall surfaces. There were also provisions for vortex generators on the cowl and centerbody of the subsonic diffuser. Data were obtained over the Mach number range of 2.0 to 2.8 and at angles of yaw from 0 deg. to the maximum value prior to inlet un-start. The test at Mach 2.8 was to obtain data for an over- speed condition. The Reynolds number varied from 2.5 to 2.3 million/ft for Mach numbers above 2.5. At Mach numbers of 2.5 and lower, the Reynolds number was set at 2.5 million/ft. Bleed patterns, vortex generator patterns, and ramp position were varied, and three inlet configurations were selected for more extensive study. Two of these configurations had self-starting capability. The self-starting configuration that was developed produced 89 percent total pressure recovery at the compressor face station with 6.8 percent total bleed. The compressor face distortion was about 16 percent. Vortex generators were extremely effective in re-distributing flow but were not as effective in reducing distortion. Excellent flow symmetry was achieved between the separated halves of the inlet, and twin-duct instability was not observed. The ramp tip shock was steeper than expected. This caused the cowl lip shock to be reflected from the ramp instead of being cancelled at the shoulder. However, peak recovery at the throat was still obtained with the ramp near the design position. Wasserbauer, J. F. and Meleason, E. T. and Burstadt, P. L. Glenn Research Center RTOP 537-02-23...

Columbia Crew Survival Investigation Report

Columbia Crew Survival Investigation Report
Author: Nasa
Publisher: PDQ Press
Total Pages: 400
Release: 2009
Genre: History
ISBN: 9780979828898

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NASA commissioned the Columbia Accident Investigation Board (CAIB) to conduct a thorough review of both the technical and the organizational causes of the loss of the Space Shuttle Columbia and her crew on February 1, 2003. The accident investigation that followed determined that a large piece of insulating foam from Columbia's external tank (ET) had come off during ascent and struck the leading edge of the left wing, causing critical damage. The damage was undetected during the mission. The Columbia accident was not survivable. After the Columbia Accident Investigation Board (CAIB) investigation regarding the cause of the accident was completed, further consideration produced the question of whether there were lessons to be learned about how to improve crew survival in the future. This investigation was performed with the belief that a comprehensive, respectful investigation could provide knowledge that can protect future crews in the worldwide community of human space flight. Additionally, in the course of the investigation, several areas of research were identified that could improve our understanding of both nominal space flight and future spacecraft accidents. This report is the first comprehensive, publicly available accident investigation report addressing crew survival for a human spacecraft mishap, and it provides key information for future crew survival investigations. The results of this investigation are intended to add meaning to the sacrifice of the crew's lives by making space flight safer for all future generations.

Experimental Investigation of a Large-scale, Two-dimensional, Mixed-compression Inlet System

Experimental Investigation of a Large-scale, Two-dimensional, Mixed-compression Inlet System
Author: Norman D. Wong
Publisher:
Total Pages: 68
Release: 1971
Genre: Jet engines
ISBN:

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A large-scale, variable-geometry inlet model with a design Mach number of 3.0 was tested at Mach numbers from 1.55 to 3.2. Variable features of the inlet for off-design operation are an adjustable-height ramp system and a translating cowl. This report presents experimental results for a diffuser and boundary-layer bleed configuration which was optimized at the design Mach number. Overall performance was high with throat-mounted vortex generators, which were effective in reducing flow distortion in the subsonic diffuser at the higher Mach numbers.

Facing the Heat Barrier

Facing the Heat Barrier
Author: T.A. Heppenheimer
Publisher: Courier Dover Publications
Total Pages: 355
Release: 2018-09-12
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0486834514

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This volume from The NASA History Series presents an overview of the science of hypersonics, the study of flight at speeds at which the physics of flows is dominated by aerodynamic heating. The survey begins during the years immediately following World War II, with the first steps in hypersonic research: the development of missile nose cones and the X-15; the earliest concepts of hypersonic propulsion; and the origin of the scramjet engine. Next, it addresses the re-entry problem, which came to the forefront during the mid-1950s, showing how work in this area supported the manned space program and contributed to the development of the orbital shuttle. Subsequent chapters explore the fading of scramjet studies and the rise of the National Aerospace Plane (NASP) program of 1985–95, which sought to lay groundwork for single-stage vehicles. The program's ultimate shortcomings — in terms of aerodynamics, propulsion, and materials — are discussed, and the book concludes with a look at hypersonics in the post-NASP era, including the development of the X-33 and X-34 launch vehicles, further uses for scramjets, and advances in fluid mechanics. Clearly, ongoing research in hypersonics has yet to reach its full potential, and readers with an interest in aeronautics and astronautics will find this book a fascinating exploration of the field's history and future.