Interwar East Central Europe, 1918-1941

Interwar East Central Europe, 1918-1941
Author: Sabrina P. Ramet
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 308
Release: 2020-05-07
Genre: History
ISBN: 0429648707

Download Interwar East Central Europe, 1918-1941 Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

This monograph focuses on the challenges that interwar regimes faced and how they coped with them in the aftermath of World War One, focusing especially on the failure to establish and stabilize democratic regimes, as well as on the fate of ethnic and religious minorities. Topics explored include the political systems and how they changed during the two decades under review, land reform, Church–state relations, and culture. Countries studied include Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Romania, Bulgaria, and Albania. "Sabrina Ramet has assembled a team of highly respectable country specialists to offer a fresh and historiographically updated reading of interwar developments in East Central Europe. The volume is bookended by two excellent comparative and theoretically informed essays carefully weighing the multiplicity of factors contributing to the instability of the interwar regimes. As a result this survey succeeds admirably in producing a nuanced narrative and analysis." - Maria Todorova, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA Sabrina Ramet, together with a roster of other eminent scholars, has produced an exciting new history of interwar East Central Europe. The volume has a clear focus on the failure of democracy (1918 to 1941), and on the bedeviling issues of ethnic minorities and of peasants; the latter made up an overwhelming majority of much of the region's population. The book will be of great interest to political scientists and historians of East Central Europe, and of Europe more generally, and it is perfect for classroom use. - Irina Livezeanu, University of Pittsburgh, USA

Wars and Betweenness

Wars and Betweenness
Author: Bojan Aleksov
Publisher: Central European University Press
Total Pages: 236
Release: 2020-09-15
Genre: History
ISBN: 9633863368

Download Wars and Betweenness Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

The region between the Baltic and the Black Sea was marked by a set of crises and conflicts in the 1920s and 1930s, demonstrating the diplomatic, military, economic or cultural engagement of France, Germany, Russia, Britain, Italy and Japan in this highly volatile region, and critically damaging the fragile post-Versailles political arrangement. The editors, in naming this region as "Middle Europe" seek to revive the symbolic geography of the time and accentuate its position, situated between Big Powers and two World Wars. The ten case studies in this book combine traditional diplomatic history with a broader emphasis on the geopolitical aspects of Big-Power rivalry to understand the interwar period. The essays claim that the European Big Powers played a key role in regional affairs by keeping the local conflicts and national movements under control and by exploiting the region's natural resources and military dependencies, while at the same time strengthening their prestige through cultural penetration and the cultivation of client networks. The authors, however, want to avoid the simplistic view that the Big Powers fully dominated the lesser players on the European stage. The relationship was indeed hierarchical, but the essays also reveal how the "small states" manipulated Big-Power disagreements, highlighting the limits of the latters' leverage throughout the 1920s and the 1930s.

Great Expectations and Interwar Realities

Great Expectations and Interwar Realities
Author: Zsolt Nagy
Publisher: Central European University Press
Total Pages: 371
Release: 2017-09-01
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 9633861942

Download Great Expectations and Interwar Realities Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

After the shock of the 1920 Treaty of Trianon, which Hungarians perceived as an unfair dictate, the leaders of the country found it imperative to change Hungary?s international image in a way that would help the revision of the post-World War I settlement. The monograph examines the development of interwar Hungarian cultural diplomacy in three areas: universities, the tourist industry, and the media?primarily motion pictures and radio production. It is a story of the Hungarian elites? high hopes and deep-seated anxieties about the country?s place in a Europe newly reconstructed after World War I, and how these elites perceived and misperceived themselves, their surroundings, and their own ability to affect the country?s fate. The defeat in the Great War was crushing, but it was also stimulating, as Nagy documents in his examination of foreignlanguage journals, tourism, radio, and other tools of cultural diplomacy. The mobilization of diverse cultural and intellectual resources, the author argues, helped establish Hungary?s legitimacy in the international arena, contributed to the modernization of the country, and established a set of enduring national images. Though the study is rooted in Hungary, it explores the dynamic and contingent relationship between identity construction and transnational cultural and political currents in East-Central European nations in the interwar period.

The Effects of World War I

The Effects of World War I
Author: Ivo Banac
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Total Pages: 282
Release: 1983
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 9780880330282

Download The Effects of World War I Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Territorial Revisionism and the Allies of Germany in the Second World War

Territorial Revisionism and the Allies of Germany in the Second World War
Author: Marina Cattaruzza
Publisher: Berghahn Books
Total Pages: 224
Release: 2012-12-01
Genre: History
ISBN: 085745739X

Download Territorial Revisionism and the Allies of Germany in the Second World War Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

A few years after the Nazis came to power in Germany, an alliance of states and nationalistic movements formed, revolving around the German axis. That alliance, the states involved, and the interplay between their territorial aims and those of Germany during the interwar period and World War II are at the core of this volume. This “territorial revisionism” came to include all manner of political and military measures that attempted to change existing borders. Taking into account not just interethnic relations but also the motivations of states and nationalizing ethnocratic ruling elites, this volume reconceptualizes the history of East Central Europe during World War II. In so doing, it presents a clearer understanding of some of the central topics in the history of the war itself and offers an alternative to standard German accounts of the period and East European national histories.

Imposing, Maintaining, and Tearing Open the Iron Curtain

Imposing, Maintaining, and Tearing Open the Iron Curtain
Author: Mark Kramer
Publisher: Lexington Books
Total Pages: 583
Release: 2013-11-22
Genre: History
ISBN: 0739181866

Download Imposing, Maintaining, and Tearing Open the Iron Curtain Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

The Cold War began in Europe in the mid-1940s and ended there in 1989. Notions of a “global Cold War” are useful in describing the wide impact and scope of the East-West divide after World War II, but first and foremost the Cold War was about the standoff in Europe. The Soviet Union established a sphere of influence in Eastern Europe in the mid-1940s that later became institutionalized in the Warsaw Pact, an organization that was offset by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) led by the United States. The fundamental division of Europe persisted for forty years, coming to an end only when Soviet hegemony in Eastern Europe dissolved. Imposing, Maintaining, and Tearing Open the Iron Curtain: The Cold War and East-Central Europe, 1945–1989, edited by Mark Kramer and Vít Smetana, consists of cutting-edge essays by distinguished experts who discuss the Cold War in Europe from beginning to end, with a particular focus on the countries that were behind the iron curtain. The contributors take account of structural conditions that helped generate the Cold War schism in Europe, but they also ascribe agency to local actors as well as to the superpowers. The chapters dealing with the end of the Cold War in Europe explain not only why it ended but also why the events leading to that outcome occurred almost entirely peacefully.

Conservatives and Right Radicals in Interwar Europe

Conservatives and Right Radicals in Interwar Europe
Author: Marco Bresciani
Publisher:
Total Pages: 360
Release: 2020-12-31
Genre: Europe
ISBN: 9780367225155

Download Conservatives and Right Radicals in Interwar Europe Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

"This book features a broad range of thematic and national case studies which explore the interrelations and confrontations between conservatives and the radical right in the European and global contexts of the interwar years. It investigates the political, social, cultural, and economic issues that conservatives and radicals tried to address and solve with different means and perspectives. Conservative forces ended up prevailing over far-right forces in the 1920s, with the notable exception of the fascist regime in Italy. But over the course of the 1930s, and the ascent of the Nazi regime in Germany, the competition and opposition between conservative forces exacerbated, with increased power for radical right and fascist movements. The book will be of great interest to students and scholars of politics, history, fascism and Nazism"--

Foto

Foto
Author: Matthew S Witkovsky
Publisher: Thames and Hudson
Total Pages: 322
Release: 2007-05-29
Genre: Art
ISBN:

Download Foto Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

A brilliantly illustrated survey of modernist photography in Central Europe, published in association with the National Gallery of Art. In the 1920s and 1930s, photography became an immense phenomenon across Germany, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Austria, and Poland. Through magazines and books, in advertisements and at exhibitions, from amateur clubs to avant-garde schools, photographs emerged as a key vehicle of modern consciousness. This book presents the work of approximately one hundred individuals whose creations exemplify the potential of photography in Central Europe between the two World Wars. Foto brings together for the first time works by recognized masters such as the Russian El Lissitzky, the Hungarian László Moholy-Nagy, and the German Hannah Hóch—all of whom developed their photographic ideas in Germany—with contemporaries like Karel Teige and Jaromír Funke (Czechoslovakia), Kazimierz Podsadecki (Poland), Károly Escher (Hungary), and Trude Fleischmann (Austria), who are less well known today. Organized thematically, the book explores topics from photomontage and war to gender identity, modern living, and the spread of Surrealism. It shows the shared experience of modernity in the region, whereby recently founded nations and dismantled empires alike sought their place within the new world order established in the aftermath of World War I. The illustrations, drawn from more than seventy collections in America and abroad, include several previously unpublished works as well as many others never before available in high-quality reproductions.

The Oxford Handbook of European History, 1914-1945

The Oxford Handbook of European History, 1914-1945
Author: Nicholas Doumanis
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 673
Release: 2016
Genre: History
ISBN: 0199695660

Download The Oxford Handbook of European History, 1914-1945 Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

The period spanning the two World Wars was unquestionably the most catastrophic in Europe's history. Despite such undeniably progressive developments as the radical expansion of women's suffrage and rising health standards, the era was dominated by political violence and chronic instability. Its symbols were Verdun, Guernica, and Auschwitz. By the end of this dark period, tens of millions of Europeans had been killed and more still had been displaced and permanently traumatized. If the nineteenth century gave Europeans cause to regard the future with a sense of optimism, the early twentieth century had them anticipating the destruction of civilization. The fact that so many revolutions, regime changes, dictatorships, mass killings, and civil wars took place within such a compressed time frame suggests that Europe experienced a general crisis. The Oxford Handbook of European History, 1914-1945 reconsiders the most significant features of this calamitous age from a transnational perspective. It demonstrates the degree to which national experiences were intertwined with those of other nations, and how each crisis was implicated in wider regional, continental, and global developments. Readers will find innovative and stimulating chapters on various political, social, and economic subjects by some of the leading scholars working on modern European history today.

Great Power Policies Towards Central Europe 1914-1945

Great Power Policies Towards Central Europe 1914-1945
Author: Aliaksandr Piahanau
Publisher: E-International Relations
Total Pages: 210
Release: 2019-02-22
Genre:
ISBN: 9781910814451

Download Great Power Policies Towards Central Europe 1914-1945 Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

This book provides an overview of the various forms and trajectories of Great Power policy towards Central Europe between 1914 and 1945. This involves the analyses of diplomatic, military, economic and cultural perspectives of Germany, Russia, Britain, and the USA towards Hungary, Poland, the Baltic States, Czechoslovakia and Romania. The contributions of established, as well as emerging, historians from different parts of Europe enriches the English language scholarship on the history of the international relations of the region. The volume is designed to be accessible and informative to both historians and wider audiences. Contributors: Sorin Arhire, Ivan Basenko, Agne Cepinskyte, Oleg Ken, Tamás Magyarics, Halina Parafianowicz, Alexander Rupasov, Ignác Romsics and Artem Zorin.